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Effect of dispensing method and curing modes on the microleakage of composite resins
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Background: Vibration decreases the viscosity of composite, making it flow and readily fit the walls of the cavity. This study is initiated to see how this improved adaptation of the composite resin to the cavity walls will affect microleakage using different curing modes

Materials and methods: Standard Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of sixty extracted premolars. Teeth were randomly assigned into two groups (n=30) according to the composite condensation (vibration and conventional) technique, then subdivided into three subgroups (n=10) according to light curing modes (LED-Ramp, LED-Fast and Halogen Continuous modes). Cavities were etched and bonded with Single Bond Universal then restored with Filtek® Z350 (3M ESPE, USA). In the vibration group, condensation was done using CompothixoTM (Kerr, Switzerland). In the conventional group, condensation was done with hand plugger. Curing modes for all groups were LED-Ramp, LED-Fast and halogen continuous modes, respectively. Samples stored in distilled water at 37°C for seven days, and painted completely with two layers of nail varnish with only 1 mm around the composite restoration left. Samples were thermocycled, immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 3 hours, and sectioned longitudinally. Dye penetration was assessed under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with p <0.05 considered significant.

Results: Vibration group showed less microleakage (P=0.028). In the conventional group there were no differences by using different curing modes (P=0.277). In the vibration group no differences were found between LED-Ramp and LED-Fast mode (P=0.989). However, there were significant differences between LED-Fast and halogen (P=0.05) and between LED-Ramp and halogen group (P=0.001). Microleakage scores of all cervical walls were higher than the occlusal walls (P=0.001). Occlusal walls leakage for conventional and vibration groups were not different (P=0.475), while there were significant differences between them at cervical walls (P=0.001).

Conclusion: Vibration with LED-Ramp curing mode may decrease marginal leakage of composite restoration placed in Standard Class V tooth preparations.

Keywords: Composite resin, Vibration, Condensation, Compothixo, Microleakage,

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Typical Effect of Flower and Coscroff on Expressive the Development of Lateral Thinking among the Literary Fifth Grade Students
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Abstract

The current research aims to identify the typical effect of Flower and Coscroft on expressive performance and the development of lateral thinking among literary fifth-grade students. To achieve the research objective, the researcher chose a sample of (90) female students from the fifth literary grade, with two experimental groups and a control group. The research groups are of six subjects. The research found that the two experimental groups have more expressive performance than the control group. Students of the first experimental group outperformed the students of the second experimental group in expressive performance and lateral thinking tests. In light of the findings of the research, the researcher

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2012
Journal Name
International Journal Of Applied Biology And Pharmaceutical Technology
EFFECT OF THE SUPPLEMENTATION OF THE LAYING QUAILS RATION WITHSESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM) SEEDS AND OIL ON EGG QUALITY TRAITS
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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of feeding diets containing different levels of sesame seeds and oil on the egg quality of laying quail. A total of 120, 10 weeks old, were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 dietary groups and fed for 12 weeks diets containing 0% sesame seeds + 0% sesame oil (control group; C) or 0.5% sesame oil (T1), 1% sesame oil (T2), 1% sesame seeds (T3), and 2% sesame seeds (T4).The study was terminated when the birds were 22 weeks of age. Egg quality characteristics involved in the present study were egg weight, yolk diameter, yolk height, yolk weight, albumen height, albumen weight,Haugh unit, shell weight, shell thickness, shell percentage, yolk percentage, and albumen percentage. The addition of sesame

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 05 2015
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research
The Effect of Growth Medium and Nodes Number on the Acclimatization Success of Tissue Propagated Potatoes Seedlings Solanum tuberasum
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The experiment was conducted at the period from 20th Dec. 2015 to 30th Mar. 2016 to know the effect of growth medium and nodes number on the acclimatization success of tissue propagated potatoes seedlings (Burrin class) and study some plant physiological properties. The first experiment involved testing growth media: loam, peat moss, and perlite with different portions (1:1) to plant tissue propagated potato tubers, while the second experiment involved testing the nodes number where 9, 8, 7, 6, and 5 plant nodes were chosen. Results of the first experiment showed the superiority of the culture media of peat moss + perlite to other culture media by giving the higher values of shoot system studied properties: plant height, branches number, le

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 17 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of the effect of root canal preparation size and flaring on the depth of irrigant penetration (In vitro study)
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Background: Cleaning and shaping of root canals successfully requires high volumes of irrigation solutions that can only be applied to the apical third of root canal after enlargement with instrument, so the aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the efficiency of Maxi-I-probe (side-vented needle), in the amount of root canal irrigant penetration for five different master apical file sizes (MAF) and four different degrees of coronal and middle thirds flaring. Materials and Methods: Two hundred resin blocks with simulated root canals were used in this study and divided into 5 major groups (40 for each) based on the size of master apical files (#20, #25, #30, #35, and #40). Each major group was subdivided into 4 subgroups depending

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 17 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Ceramic Thickness and Number of Firings on the Color of Two All-Ceramic Systems Measured by Spectrophotometer
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Background: This in vitro study was carried out to evaluate the effects of various veneering dentin ceramic thicknesses and repeated firings on the color of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max Press) and zirconium-oxide (IPS ZirCAD) all-ceramic systems, measured by clinical spectrophotometers (Easyshade Advance 4.0) . Materials and methods: The 72specimens cube-shaped have the dimension of about 11 mm in width, 14 mm in length, 1mm in thickness, these cores divided into 3 groups according to the type of material each group have (24)core specimens. Each group had been divided into three sub-groups (each having 8 specimens) according to veneering with dentin ceramic thicknesses: as 0.5, 1, or 2 mm (n=8). IPS e.max press and ZirCAD c

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
Effect of sedimentation source on the nature occurrence and distribution of the feldspar in some soil of Alluvial plain Iraq
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The current study was conducted to find out the effect of the sediment source (sedimentary of Iraqi-Iranian borderline and Tigris River) on the content and distribution of feldspar minerals and their effect on the optical properties of these minerals in some soils of Wasit and Maysan province. Eight pedons were chosen to represent the study area, five of them represented sediments coming from the borderline, which included pedons of (Badra, Taj Al-Din, Al-Shihabi, Jassan, and Galat), while two of them represent the sediments of the Tigris River (Essaouira, Al-Dabouni). Finally, the pedon of Ali Al-Gharbi represented the mixing area of sediments of all the torrents coming from borderline and the sediments of the Tigris River. The diagnostic

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 25 2025
Journal Name
Iet Networks
An Effective Technique of Zero‐Day Attack Detection in the Internet of Things Network Based on the Conventional Spike Neural Network Learning Method
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ABSTRACT<p>The fast evolution of cyberattacks in the Internet of Things (IoT) area, presents new security challenges concerning Zero Day (ZD) attacks, due to the growth of both numbers and the diversity of new cyberattacks. Furthermore, Intrusion Detection System (IDSs) relying on a dataset of historical or signature‐based datasets often perform poorly in ZD detection. A new technique for detecting zero‐day (ZD) attacks in IoT‐based Conventional Spiking Neural Networks (CSNN), termed ZD‐CSNN, is proposed. The model comprises three key levels: (1) Data Pre‐processing, in this level a thorough cleaning process is applied to the CIC IoT Dataset 2023, which contains both malicious and t</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 10 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Mechanical Engineering Research And Developments
Study on the effect of diesel engine oil contaminated with fuel on engine performance
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An experiment was conducted to study how SAE 50 engine oil contaminated with diesel fuel affects engine performance. The engine oil was contaminated with diesel fuel at concentrations of 0%, 1%, and 3%. The following performance characteristics were studied: brake-specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, friction power, and exhaust gas temperature. Each treatment was tested three times. The three treatments (0%, 1%, and 3%) were analyzed statistically with a one-way ANOVA model at the 5% probability level to determine if the three treatments produced significant differences in engine performance. The statistical results showed that there were significant differences in engine performance metrics among the three treatments. The 3

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 14 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Thymosin Beta 4 on Developing Dental Tissue (Experimental Study on Rats)
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Background: Odontogenisis is a complex process controlled by dynamic and reciprocal interactions that regulated by various molecules. Thymosin β4 is a small bioactive peptide with wide spectrum biological effects on much cell types. The present study was designed to highlight the effect of synthetic exogenous Tβ4 on developing dental tissue of the upper central teeth of rats, by histological examination and immunohistochemical evaluation of TGFβ1. Materials and method: Thirty six Albino Wister pregnant rat 18control group received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline and the others are experimental group received 50µg/300µl of Tβ4 injection. The animals were sacrificed at periods 16th and 18th day I.U.L and one day p

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 18 2022
Journal Name
Materials Science Forum
The Effect of Tidal Energies on the Materials Properties of the Soil at Southern Mesopotamia
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The materials of soil were affected by multi reasons; such as human activities, floods, tidal waves, ... etc. The change of the soil contents could be measured through different indexes; such as electric conductivities, salinity, concentration of the heavy elements, and concentration of essential elements ... etc. The land cover is affected by natural influences, like tidal energy, which plays a negative role in the salinization of land adjacent to the coasts, causing a problem for soils in all its details represented in changing of the dissolved elements in soil. One of the most important natural factors that cause soil salinity is human activity in all its forms, and one of the most important causes of salinity is the phenomenon o

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