Background: Sildenafil, a selective phosphodiesterase -5 (PDE-5) inhibitor increases cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and amplifies many biological actions of nitric oxide (NO) which is an important mediator of gastric mucosal defense ; was evaluated in this study using different doses for its cytoprotective effect on gastric mucosal damage induced by indomethacin . We also evaluated the effect of this drug on NO production, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis, Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and Interlukin-4 (IL-4) expression.
Methods: The study was performed between April and July 2008 in the Department of Pharmacology / College of Medicine /Baghdad University .It was conducted on 80 adult male albino rats, divided into 8 groups, the first served as a control received the vehicle, the second received indomethacin orally of 60mg/kg .The third and fourth groups were pretreated 30 minutes prior indomethacin with oral sildenafil 10 and 20mg/kg respectively. The other groups were pretreated 30 minutes prior to sildenafil (10and20mg/kg) with intraperitoneal NG-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) 20mg/kg with or without L-Arginine. The rats were then sacrificed after 4 hours and their stomachs were isolated and submitted to macroscopical assessment and for the measurement of the gastric PGE2, MPO, and IL-4.
Results: Sildenafil (10 and 20 mg/kg) pretreatment resulted in a significant (p<0.01) decrease in the gastric damage score. The MPO activity was significantly (p<0.01) decreased, while the level of IL-4 was significantly (p<0.01) increased. On the other hand PGE2 level was not changed. L-NAME given 30 min before 10 and 20 mg/kg sildenafil, significantly (p<0.01) abolished the protective effects of sildenafil and also reversed the effects of sildenafil on MPO activity and IL-4 levels. On the other hand addition of L-Arginine resulted in the restoration of the protective effects of sildenafil which was also reflected on the gastric damage score, MPO activity and IL-4 levels.
Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the injurious effect of indomethacin can be reduced or ameliorated by sildenafil pretreatment, and that the protective effect of sildenafil against
indomethacin was through an NO dependent pathway.
Field and laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the allelopathic
potential of sorghum residues alone or in combination with reduced rate of trifluralin
herbicide on weeds in mung bean field. The field experiment was conducted during
2014 season at the Research Farm of Biology Department, College of Science,
Baghdad University by using randomized complete Block design (RCBD) to test the
effect of sorghum residues at rates of 5 and 10 t ha-1 alone or in combination with
reduced doses of trifluralin (30 and 60% of recommended dose) on weeds and mung
bean crop. Weedy check and label rate of trifluralin (2.4 Lha-1) were also included
for comparison. Each treatment was replicated four times. Total phenolics
Biological study was conducted in the botanical garden of the College of Education / Ibn Al-Haitham during the growing season 2006-2007 to determine the impact different date planting and variety in some morphological characteristics of the wheat plant Triticum astivum L. Two varieties of Triticum aestivum L.: IPA99 and Abu-Ghraib , were cultivated in 4th , 25th of November and 9th of December . The experiment was designed according to RCD in two replicates. The results showed that cultivation of 4th November, gave rise to plants of high 74.66 cm, with the highest number of tillers which was 4.01 and the highest length of spike was 12.03
... Show MoreIn recent years, the consideration of natural products as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative treatments has more interested worldwide. Moreover, natural products are easily obtained and are relatively safe the Royal jelly (RJ) is one of them. The current study was carried to evaluate the effects of pregabalin (PGB) on physiological activity of sperms, reproductive hormones assay and some biochemical analysis. Forty (40) male albino rats (10-weeks-old) were divided into four groups (10 rats each): G1 (treated with PGB drug, 150 mg/kg B.wt (Lyrica-Pfizer-Pharmaceutical Industries), G2 (treated with RJ 1g/kg), G3 (treated with PGB drug and RJ together), and G4 control treated with norma
Summary:
Background: Nitre I la sativa Linn is a well known herb that is used by different societies, as food additive and as a medicinal herb: it used as a galactagouge for lactating women, and has long been described as an abortifacient-emmenagouge.
Aim of the work: is to investigate the effect of crude black seeds on the endometrium and the pattern of it’s mucins, during the different phases of the Estrus cycle, making use of some special stains for the histochemical demonstration of mucins.
Materials <6 Methods.'Crude Nieella sativa Linn, seeds were administrated for ten days, by an orogastric tube, on single regular daily dosage to properly selected mature Norway albino female rats. Animats were subdivided into subgrou
This study was done in Baghdad teaching Hospital by using developed instrument type GIOHO and included a number of patients with compressed breast thickness (7,8,9,10)cm .
The relationship between radiation dose and breast thickness was linear. All results were compared with the international standered values that measured by the International Nuctear Agency and Europeon sources ,it was found that it is in consistance or has a little difference .
The study showed that the mean absorbed dose may be determined by using TLD measurement below 10 mGy and the glandular dose was (1.45 mGy) and this can not b
... Show MoreIn this study, uranium concentrations were evaluated and the annual effective dose was calculated from the consumption of bottled water and tap water used for drinking in Babylon, middle Iraq. Uranium isotopes (238U, 234U, 235U) were determined for all samples collected using the phosphorylation analyzer technique represented device (KPA). Forty-four samples were collected to cover almost all districts and regions of Babylon. Thirty tap water samples were collected from residential neighborhoods, with 14 samples from local brand bottled water. The results show that the uranium concentrations in the tap water samples ranged from 1.66 μg.L-1 to 2.64 μg.L-1, with an avera
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to study the effect of welded joint design (Butt joint and lap joint) on thejoint strength during tension and fatigue loading with different current of welding (40,50,60,70,80) ^per, and different type of wire welding. The result of this research is showed that the effect of fatigue loading on the type of joint is more than the effect of tension loading on it. And the butt joint welding is better than the lap joint welding during the fatigue loaded.The experimental results of the effect of W'elding current showed that more increasing and more decreasing the value of the heat input, during the welding was found to produce mechanical brittleness on the buttjoint welding during the static and dynamic loading. Also i
... Show MoreThe present study was used 20 adult male rats that distributed to four groups (each group consist 5 rats); control group that administrated normal saline, rats group that exposure to X ray for two weeks, rats group that exposure to X ray with 50ug of green silver nanoparticles for two weeks, rats group that exposure to X ray with 100ug of green silver nanoparticles for two weeks. The results show high significant increased (P < 0.01) in levels of malonedialdehyied (MDA), and high significant decreased (P < 0.01) in levels glutathione (GSH) and significant increased (P < 0.01) in levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), compared with control group. Histological sectio
... Show MoreOrganophosphorus insecticide and growth regulator namely Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) are widely used as a ripening process accelerator and a cultivation duration inhibitor. Pomegranate extract (PPE) has recently been taken into consideration due to its pharmacological effects especially those associated with renal diseases. Thus, this study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of PPE against ethephon-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. In this study four groups of adult male rats were divided into control group, PPE 400 mg/kg group, Ethephon 250 mg/kg group, and finally, PPE + Ethephon group (treated with the same dose of PPE group and Ethephon group). In the current study, kidney function parameters (KIM-1, creatin
... Show MoreInterested current Research measuring damage currency Swap by converting The ministry of higher Education and scientific Research money The Iraqi dinar To U.S dollar by Trade Bank Of Iraq , And that The damage Generated resulting from Deferent Between the Exchange Rate adopted From Central Bank of Iraq and Market Exchange Rate adopted by The Trade Bank Of Iraq , and Which led to the greet damage ( losses ) in Bearing by the ministry, which led to the reduction of the financial allocations for licensed curriculum outside of Iraq , and this in turn leads to reduction in the number of students Sender ( scholarships ) outside Iraq.
Where the estimated loss (damage) that suffer by the Ministry of H
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