A laboratory experiment studied the effects of the green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) aqueous extract at concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 ppm on the germination and growth traits of the mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), carried out in 2021 at the Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Iraq. The results showed that Camellia sinensis green tea extracts played a vital role by significantly boosting all the examined characteristics compared with the control treatment. The aqueous extract of Green tea at concentrations of 10 and 20 ppm gave the best performance in increasing germination rates, germination speed, plant promoter indicator, and seedling strength compared with the control trea

The grain hardness, wet and dry gluten contents, protein and ash contents are determined in grains from different cultivars of wheat which are important in food products, either which are present in raw materials or in final products. Wheat is also a very important food raw material, and flour as the final product of milling. The importance of knowing the physical and chemical properties of wheat and flour is due to the determination of quality and kind of flour which is produced after the milling process. In this work, some physical and chemical properties of different wheat cultivars are determined and the comparisons of these characteristics are performed in both wheat and flour. Uruq Wheat sample (W5) has the highest results when compar

Effect of drought stress induced by mannitol on secondary products in callus of Golden Sunrise cherry tomatoes were studied in vitro. Seeds were irradiated with gamma at the doses (0, 20, or 40 Gy), and germinated on Murashige and Skoog, (MS) basal medium. Callus were initiated from cotyledon leaf explants using a combination of (2.0 kin + 2.0 IAA mg. l^-1) then transferred into MS medium supplemented with mannitol at concentrations of (0, 40, and 60 g.l^-1). Vitamin C(vit C), enzyme activity, Ascorbate peroxidase (Apx), and Amylase  enzymes, Proline amino acid and β- carotene were quantified by high-performance Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results revealed that, highest contents of (Apx) 128.16 µg. m

A study was carried out in the vineyard at Al- sowayra in the Waset Province to study the effect of boron spray on cluster and fruits traits characteristics of grape cultivar . Borax used  was as a source of boron at the concentrations (0.0 , 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 ) g / l . Water plus Wetting agent   (0.05 g/l detergent) was sprayed to induce faom and reduce water surface tension. The spray was implemented twice, first was one week before blooming and the second was after fruit set. Results showed that spray treatment by boron increased. weight and volume of berries and increased cluster's weight bunch length and diameter besides the increased number of Fruits in bunch also Total Soluble Solids (Tss%) was increased wh

     The external signals are used as elicitors that can modify the levels of secondary metabolites production and trigger the biotechnological enforcements to improve plant production. In this study, sodium chloride NaCl was used as a stimulating factor for the production of beta-carboline alkaloids, harmine and harmaline, in Peganum harmala. The in vitro induced callus of P. harmalain was used as a source for alkaloid production in the stimulating experiments with sodium chloride. The results illustrated that 2 mg.l^-1 of NaCl increased the fresh and dry weight of callus with an average of 944.30 and 72.0 mg, respectively. In a comparative analysis through Gas Chromatography (GC)

     Thyme essential oil (TEO) was extracted from dried leaves of Thymus vulgaris. The air-dried aerial parts of the plant produced 1.0% yield of TEO. The detection of this essential oil’s compounds was performed by GC-MASS. The cytotoxic activity of TEO was evaluated against two human cancer cell lines, namely HeLa (human epithelial cervical cancer) and MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma). Cells grown in 96 multi-well plates were treated with six concentrations of EO (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 ppm) and incubated at 37 °C for 72 hrs. Cancer cell lines elicited various degrees of sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of essential oil. The TEO exhibited significant differences (p≤ 0.01) between the effects of

Plant regeneration protocols were developed for medicinally important anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) that successfully achieved from seeds. Seeds were sterilized and inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with and without gibberellins (GA₃) until full germination. The highest percentage of germination (100%) was recorded on MS medium treated with 2.0 mg/L GA₃ after 7 days. For shoot proliferation, different concentrations of 6- benzyl adenine BA (1, 1.5, 2 mg/L) were used. To enhance shoot induction, 0.1 mg/L of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.01 mg/L of thidiazuron (TDZ) were tested along with BA. Direct regenerated shoots were obtained on MS medium supplemented with BA alone (2mg/L) which gave (7

Rooting response in stem cuttings of mung bean increased considerably with inresing
seedling age, due to endogenous IAA or supplied IBA. However, after the day 7- or 8-old of
seedling age. The cotyledons sheivel and drop-off spontaneously at day-8 of seedling age. So
that cotyledons excision after cuttings were made during the period between seedling
emergence (the day 4) and cotyledons dropping off (which starts at day 8 and its completion
at day 10) causes decrease in rooting at any time during cutting treatment ,in particular, at
zero time . In addition, results of this study revealed that terminal buds do not influence
significantly adventitious root formation whether IBA supplied or not. Whereas in leafless
c

This study aimed to test the effect of using different concentrations of three different plants extracts to inhibit the growth of gram negative and gram positive bacteria by two technics. Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark, Glycyrrhiza glabra rhizomes and Morus nigra leaves ethanolic extract at (0,20,30,40 and 50 mg/ml) were used. The antimicrobial activity and the biofilm inhibition assay used with these extracts showed positive effect in inhibiting the growth of bacteria. E.amaldulensis extract showed the higher effect than G. glabra and M.nigra extracts in antimicrobial activity assay, while the effect of E. camaldulensis extract in biofilm inhibition assay was higher than G. glabra that was higher than M. nigra extracts for both gram nega

     A field experiment was conducted  at two sites (Baghdad and Wasit Governorates) to evaluate the effects of allelopathic corn residues applied as soil incorporation or mulch, alone  and in combination  with reduced (50% of recommended dose) rate of trifluralin herbicide on weeds growth and mung bean yield. Conventional soil tillage and zero soil tillage treatments with corn residues were performed, while 50% dose and full dose of trifluralin only (without residues) treatments were included for comparison. Soil incorporation and mulch of corn residues reduced weed density and dry weight biomass and improved yield and yield components of mung bean in both sites. Mulch application was more effective than soil incorporation for we