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Evaluation of intraductal delivery of poly(ethylene glycol)‐doxorubicin conjugate nanocarriers for the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)‐like lesions in rats
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Abstract<p>Ductal carcinoma in situ is the most commonly diagnosed early stage breast cancer. The efficacy of intraductally delivered poly(ethylene glycol)‐doxorubicin (PEG‐DOX) nanocarriers, composed of one or more DOX conjugated to various PEG polymers, was investigated in an orthotopic ductal carcinoma in situ‐like rat model. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated against 13762 Mat B III cells using MTT assay. The orthotopic model was developed by inoculating cancer cells into mammary ducts of female Fischer 344 retired breeder rats. The ductal retention and in vivo antitumour efficacy of two of the six nanocarriers (5 kDa PEG‐DOX and 40 kDa PEG‐(DOX)<sub>4</sub>) were investigated based on in vitro results. Mammary retention of DOX and PEG‐DOX nanocarriers was quantified using in vivo imaging. Histopathologic effects of DOX and PEG‐DOX nanocarriers on mammary ductal structure were also investigated. Cytotoxicities of small linear PEG‐DOX nanocarriers (5 and 10 kDa) were not different from DOX whereas larger PEG‐DOX nanocarriers showed reduced potency. The order of mammary retention was 40 kDa PEG‐(DOX)<sub>4</sub> > 5 kDa PEG‐DOX >> DOX, in normal and tumour‐bearing rats. Intraductally administered PEG‐DOX nanocarriers and DOX were effective in reducing tumour incidence and increasing survival rate, with no significant differences found among the three treatment groups. However, nanocarriers administered intravenously at the same doses were not effective, and intraductally administered free DOX caused severe local toxicity. Intraductal administration of PEG‐DOX nanocarriers is effective and less toxic than that of free DOX, as well as IV DOX/PEG‐DOX. Furthermore, PEG‐DOX nanocarriers demonstrate the added benefit of prolonging DOX ductal retention, which would necessitate less frequent dosing.</p>
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of Particle size Effect of Iron , Cobalt ,and Nickel Powders Suspended in Al Dura oil on XRF Intensities
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Iron , Cobalt , and Nickel powders with different particle sizes were subjected to sieving and He-Ne laser system to determine the particle size . 1wt% from each powders was blended carefully with 99wt% from Iraqi oil . Microscopic examination were carried for all samples to reveal the particle size distribution . A Siemens type SRS sequential wavelength dispersive(WDS) X-ray spectrometer was used to analyze all samples , and the XRF intensity were determined experimentally and theoretically for all suspended samples , Good agreement between theoretical and experimental results were found .

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Politics in Harold Pinter's One for the Road
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Pinter's play One for the Road (1984) is considered one of his important plays because
it focuses on political issues, which he has not presented overtly before. Generally speaking,
Pinter's early plays describe man's existential fear of an unnamed danger which might be
represented by an intruder who invades the characters' solitude , threatens their peace, and
brings their hidden fears to the surface. Pinter began to write political plays as a result of his
political attitudes and his involvement in political activities over the last three decades.
Pinter's One for the Road deals with the oppressive and authoritarian operations of
state power. This play and Pinter's political plays which followed it, like Mountain

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The spatial analysis for Greenhouses in province Baghdad
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Greenhouses are provide that produce of vegetable in non times seasons production by controlling the various environmental factors that appropriate atmosphere in temperature and humidity for the growth of plants in the plastic houses and owner plastic.
The objective of this research is to study of the most important natural and human factors affecting the Greenhouses in the province of Baghdad and study geographic distribution for the Greenhouses in the province.
Some properties on curriculum geographical descriptive analytical that used in describe and analysis of data and information that could be available from Directorate of agriculture in Baghdad to 2014. As it turns out that district of Mahmudiya acquired (45.3%) of the total

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Phonological features   For spoken text in the language
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This research attempted to take advantage of modern techniques in the study of the superstructural phonetic features of spoken text in language using phonetic programs to achieve more accurate and objective results, far from being limited to self-perception and personal judgment, which varies from person to person.
    It should be noted that these phonological features (Nabr, waqf, toning) are performance controls that determine the fate of the meaning of the word or sentence, but in the modern era has received little attention and attention, and that little attention to some of them came to study issues related to the composition or style Therefore, we recommend that more attention should be given to the study of

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Nasaq
Psychological reasons for suicide in the Holy Quran
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Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the prophet as a mercy to the worlds and on his family and companions. The phenomenon of suicide is one of the most expanding social phenomena in the world, where many groups of society of different ages try to put an end to their lives, especially young men and girls. The numbers always remain on the rise, and there is no doubt that the one who does this matter, that he has reasons that made him resort to suicide, and despite that, whatever those reasons. However, this is not a justification for the assault on the soul that God has forbidden to infringe on or lead them to perdition, or to what harms them. Modern psychology has tried to explain this phenomenon and try to

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 06 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The Ultimate Characters For Identity In Contemporary Architecture
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          General propositions have dealt with various indicators and features that frame and describe basic architectural concepts, and from those concepts, the concept of identity will be presented here, which represents the nerve of intellectual vision of the state of architecture development, transformation and change. Due to its deep intellectual basis, it was necessary to study multiple features, especially the achievement feature that was considered a major stage describing the nature of change and shift related to the achievement of concept and its role in the development of the architectural field .              &nb

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
High Commitment Management and their Impact in Organizational Excellence Afield Research for opinions a sample of managers in the company general Alfurat for chemical industries \Babylon
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In its theoretical framework, this study dealt with the subjects of high commitment management and organizational excellence, as the study came in response to the growing developments and changes in the fields of management. It includes an analysis of correlation and effect between high commitment management, which has been attracting a lot of attention recently due to the intensifying rivalry between organizations because of certain external factors like globalization and world markets liberation, and its effect in achieving organizational excellence.

The practical framework, on the other hand, dealt with the analysis of correlation and effect between the study's variables. The problem

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Towards building an educational system free of scientific corruption (Applied study in a sample of colleges of higher education in Iraq within the framework of the government program and the directions of the Supreme Council for Combating Corruption)
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Nations are developed with education and knowledge that raise the status of society in its various segments, beyond that it leads to underdevelopment and deterioration in various sectors, whether economic, health, social, etc. If we considered the general name of The ministry of Education & Scientific Studies, then the second part seems to be not functioning, since scientific research has no material allocation and remains based on the material potential of the university professor. As for the first half of the topic, the reality of the situation reveals problems related to the Holy Trinity of Education which is (Professor - Student - the scientific method) where universities suffer at the present time from this problem, and

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Sport Science Technology And Physical Activities
The effect of using Daniel's model and Driver’s model in learning a kinetic chain on the uneven bars in the artistic gymnastics for female students
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The aim of this study to identity using Daniel's model and Driver’s model in learning a kinetic chain on the uneven bars in the artistic gymnastics for female students. The researchers used the experimental method to design equivalent groups with a preand post-test, and the research community was identified with the students of the third stage in the college for the academic year 2020-2021 .The subject was, (3) class were randomly selected, so (30) students distributed into (3) groups). has been conducted pretesting after implementation of the curriculum for (4) weeks and used the statistical bag of social sciences(SPSS)to process the results of the research and a set of conclusions was reached, the most important of which is t

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Extent of the Commitment with Accounting Disclosure for Contingent Assets, Liabilities and Provisions in the Shareholding Companies Listed in Iraq Stock Exchange Analytical Entrance
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Accounting changes have taken place in either the local or international level has led to more disclosure from companies, and that many of the economic units in order to attract investors to negotiate on its shares price in the stock market require amendments with respect to the information disclosed, Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze whether companies were research sample disclose contingent assets and liabilities and provisions in their annual financial reports with what brought him International Accounting Standards. It has been used descriptive analysis of annual financial reports for a sample of (50) listed company on the Iraq Stock Exchange were identified companies that disclose contingent assets and liabi

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