One technique used to prepare nanoparticles material is Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL), Silver Oxide nanoparticles (AgO) were prepared by using this technique, where silver target was submerged in ultra-pure water (UPW) at room temperature after that Nd:Yag laser which characteristics by 1064 nm wavelength, Q-switched, and 6ns pulse duration was used to irradiated silver target. This preparation method was used to study the effects of laser irradiation on Nanoparticles synthesized by used varying laser pulse energy 1000 mJ, 500 mJ, and 100 mJ, with 500 pulses each time on the particle size. Nanoparticles are characterized using XRD, SEM, AFM, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. All the structural peaks determined by the XRD test can be indexed as face-centered cubic (FCC) type, the stronger crystalline orientation is located in the (111) plane. The nanoscale particles have an almost spherical shape as inferred from the SEM images. In (1000) mJ laser pulse energy the best smallest particle size was produced. According to AFM results of all films, the particle size 32.45nm, 64.3nm, and 67.86nm respectively for 1000 mJ, 500 mJ, and 100 mJ , the surface roughness affected and increased as increase the laser energy because the increase particle size and aggregation of partials. UV-Visible spectroscopy measured the absorbance of the silver nanoparticle prepared which is increased as increase pulsed laser ablation energy at wavelength 440 nm.
This research presents a study for precipitating phosphorus (as phosphate ion) from simulated wastewater (5ppm initial concentration of phosphorus) using calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 solution. The removal of phosphorus by Ca (OH)2 solution is expected to be very effective since the chemical reaction is of acid-base type but Ca(OH)2 forms complex compound with phosphate ions called. Hydroxyapatite Ca5 (PO4)3OH. hydroxyapatite is slightly soluble in water. This research was directed towards sustainable elements as phosphorus. Kinetics of the dissolution reaction of hydroxyapatite was investigated to find the best factors to recover phosphorus. The effect of con
... Show MoreWe investigated at the optical properties, structural makeup, and morphology of thin films of cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a thickness of 150 nm produced by thermal evaporation over glass. The X-ray diffraction study showed that the films had a crystalline composition, a cubic structure, and a preference for grain formation along the (111) crystallographic direction. The outcomes of the inquiry were used to determine these traits. With the use of thin films of CdTe that were doped with Ag at a concentration of 0.5%, the crystallization orientations of pure CdTe (23.58, 39.02, and 46.22) and CdTe:Ag were both determined by X-ray diffraction. orientations (23.72, 39.21, 46.40) For samples that were pure and those that were doped with
... Show MoreIn this work Aquatic plant (Nile rose) was used to study adsorption of industrial dye (safranin-O from aqueous solution within several operation conditions. The dried leaves of Nile rose plant were used as adsorbents safranin-O from aqueous solution after different activations such as wet and dry enhancements. The data show increasing in dye solution removal percentage for both activation methods of the adsorbent and also dye removal percentage that was obtained by using adsorbent without any treatment with the progress contact time. The dye removal percentages at equilibrium time 40 minutes were 88.7% at non-activation, 92.3% at thermal activation, and 98.3% at acidic activation. The samples adsorbents before and after adsorption which wer
... Show MoreReinforcing asphalt concrete with polyester fibers considered as an active remedy to alleviate the harmful impact of fatigue deterioration. This study covers the investigation of utilizing two shapes of fibers size, 6.35 mm by 3.00 mm and 12.70 mm by 3.00 mm with mutual concentrations equal to 0.25 %, 0.50 % and 0.75 % by weight of mixture. Composition of asphalt mixture consists of different optimum (40-50) asphalt cement content, 12.50 mm nominal aggregate maximum size with limestone dust as a filler. Following the traditional asphalt cement and aggregate tests, three essential test were carried out on mixtures, namely: Marshall test (105 cylindrical specimens), indirect tensile strength test (21 cylindrical specimens)
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