Background: viruses are responsible for a large proportion of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Other causes of LRTIs are bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus being the most common. Sputum samples are commonly used in the microbiological laboratory for diagnosing lower respiratory infections. Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the causative bacteria and antibiotics sensitivity in culture of sputum samples. Patients Methods: A retrospective study performed in the microbiology department of Al Immamin Al Kahdimin Medical laboratory in Baghdad. The results of sput

Sewer system plays an essential task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be sustainable and scientifically. For this purpose, it is crucial to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. To test this methodology; a case study of al-Rusafa in Baghdad city is

Tensile , thermal, and barrier properties of polylactide PLA-based
nanocomposite films that were prepared by solvent casting method with
polyethylene glycol (PEG), and alumina were studied. PLA/PEG blend showed
decrease in tensile strength and Young modulus but increased in elongation in
PLA/PEG and increased in crystalline of PLA but decrease in glass transition
temperature with the increasing of PEG concentration . A nano blend composites of
PLA/PEG/alumina (50/50/4) when compared to PLA/PEG blend indicated that
tensile strength , Young modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) increased
with adding alumina nano particles, concentration and barrier properties
improvement due to its nucleating and reinforc

Sewer system plays an indispensable task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be in a sustainable and scientific manner. For this purpose, it is important to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. In order to test this methodology; a case study of al-Ru

   Umbilical cord blood (UCB) contains hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells(HSCs,MSCs) that have proven useful clinically to reconstitute the hematopoietic system in children and some adults  .   Fifteen cord blood samples were collected from placenta of  newly delivered women in AlKadhemia hospital in Baghdad for normal vaginal delivery.      Mono nucleated cells (MNCs) were isolated by using density gradient centrifugation and the MNCs  count and viability  were  determinated by trypan blue.MNCs were cryopreserved using the cryoprotectant solution of 10% concentration of dimethyl sulfoxid (DMSO)using slow cooling and rapid thaw.  The aim of the present study

The work included study of external morphology of white cabbage butterfly Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758). The study included the external morphological characters of different body regions in addition to the male and female genitalia. The studied morphological characters were supported by photos and illustrations. Specimens of the work were collected from north and middle of Iraq and dates and sites of collection were fixed. 

  In this study, light elements for 13C , 16O for  (α,n) and (n,α) reactions as well as α-particle energy  from 2.7 MeV  to 3.08 MeV are used as far as the data of reaction cross sections are available. The more recent cross sections data of (α,n) and (n,α) reactions are reproduced in fine steps 0.02 MeV for  16O (n,α) 13C  in the specified energy range, as well as cross section (α,n)  values were derived from the published data of (n,α) as a function of α-energy in the same fine energy steps by using the principle inverse reactions. This calculation involves only the ground state of  13C , 16O  in the reactions 13C (α,n) 16O  and  16O (n,α) 13C.

Globally, buildings use about 40% of energy. Many elements, such as the physical properties of the structure, the efficiency of the cooling and heating systems, the activity of the occupants, and the building’s sustainability, affect the energy consumption of a building. It is really difficult to predict how much energy a building will need. To improve the building’s sustainability and create sustainable energy sources to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion, estimating the building's energy use is necessary. This paper explains the energy consumed in the lecture building of the Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad (UOB), Baghdad, Iraq. The weather data and the building construction informati

Abstract

The effect of physical and mental health on the feelings of personal welfare are known as health-related quality of life. Infection with hepatitis B virus is a major global health problem. Health-related quality of life was emerged as an important consideration in the care of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. The aim of the current study was to measure health-related quality of life among a sample of chronic hepatitis B patients in AL-Najaf city/Iraq. The current study was cross-sectional study carried out on (104) already diagnosed chronic viral hepatitis B patients who attended the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center/Al-Sader Medical City/Najaf during November 2018 to May