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Two-Stage Classification of Breast Tumor Biomarkers for Iraqi Women
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Objective: Breast cancer is regarded as a deadly disease in women causing lots of mortalities. Early diagnosis of breast cancer with appropriate tumor biomarkers may facilitate early treatment of the disease, thus reducing the mortality rate. The purpose of the current study is to improve early diagnosis of breast by proposing a two-stage classification of breast tumor biomarkers fora sample of Iraqi women.

Methods: In this study, a two-stage classification system is proposed and tested with four machine learning classifiers. In the first stage, breast features (demographic, blood and salivary-based attributes) are classified into normal or abnormal cases, while in the second stage the abnormal breast cases are further classified into either malignant or benign. The collected 20 breast cancer features are utilized to test the performance of the proposed classification system with Leave-One-Out (LOO) cross validation and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) to balance the classes. Furthermore, correlation-based feature selection (CFS) was employed in an exploratory analysis to find the best features for the 2-stage classification system.

Results: Classification accuracy of 94% for stage-1 and 100% for stage-2was achieved with a Naïve Bayesclassifier which outperformed other three methods. In addition, CFS selected small subset of features as being the best five features out of the all 20 features for both stage-1 and stage-2.

Conclusion: We achieved a high classification accuracy which is promising to help improve the early diagnosis of breast tumor. The outcome of this study also shows the importance of CA15-3protein in saliva and blood as well as carcinoembryonic antigen level and total protein in blood, and Estrogen hormone level in saliva, for predicting breast tumors.

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Evaluation of Thermal Performance of Solar Assisted Vapor Compression Heat Pump
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The thermal performance of indirect expansion solar assisted heat pump, IX-SAHP, was investigated experimentally under Iraqi climate. An Indirect-Solar Assisted Heat Pump system was designed, built, instrumented and tested. Experimental tests were conducted by varying the controlling parameters to investigate their effects on the thermal performance of the IX-SAHP such as cooling water flow rate, heating water flow rate, ambient temperature and solar radiation intensity. The investigation covered values of cooling water flow rate of (2, 3, 4, 5 l/min) and heating water flow rate of (2, 3, 4, 5 l/min) under meteorological condition of Baghdad from November 2014 to January 2015.

The results indicated that the performance of the IX-

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Nurses Beliefs Toward Reporting of Suspected child abuse in Jordan)
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Abstract Objective: To assess nurses' beliefs toward reporting suspected child abuse. To achieve the objectives of the study a questionnaire of child abuse was used. Methodology:- The sample of the study consist of (224) registered nurses who were employed in general hospitals, pediatric hospitals, National psychiatry and mental illness center, nursing colleges, nursing schools. Data were collected from 20 April 2004 to 20 June 2004.Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical analysis. Percentage frequency and mean and inferential data analysis ANOVA. Results: - The result of t

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Effect of Temperature on the Stability and Release Profile of Ibuprofen Microcapsules
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The stability and releasing profile of 2:1 core: wall ratio ibuprofen microcapsules prepared by aqueous coacervation (gelatin and acacia polymers coat) and an organic coacervation methods (ethyl cellulose and sodium alginate polymers coat) in weight equivalent to 300mg drug, were studied using different storage temperatures 40°C, 50°C ,60°C and refrigerator temperature 4°C in an opened and closed container for three months (releasing profile) and four months (stability study).It was found that, these ibuprofen microcapsules were stable with expiration dates of 4.1 and 3.1 years for aqueous and an organic method respectively.Aqueous prepared ibuprofen microcapsules were found more stable than those microcapsules prepared by or

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Characterization of the Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soil Improved by Sludge Waste
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Recently, a great rise in the population and fast manufacturing processes were noticed. These processes release significant magnitudes of waste. These wastes occupied a notable ground region, generating big issues for the earth and the environment. To enhance the geotechnical properties of fine-grained soil, a sequence of research projects in the lab were conducted to analyze the impacts of adding sludge waste (SW). The tests were done on both natural and mixed soil with SW at various proportions (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) based on the dry mass of the soil used. The experiments conducted focused on consistency, compaction, and shear strength. With the addition of 10% of SW, the values of LL and PI decreased by 29.7% and 3

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Effect of metals as Additives on Thermal conductivity of Epoxy Resin
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A hand lay-up method was used to prepare Epoxy/ metal composites. Epoxy resin (EP) was used as a matrix with metal particles (Al, Cu, and Fe) as fillers.
The preparation method includes preparing square panels of composites with different weight percentage of fillers (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%). Standard specimens (88mm in diameter) for thermal conductivity tests were prepared to measure thermal conductivity kexp.The result of experimental thermal conductivity kexp, for EP/metal composites show that, kexp increase with increasing weight percentage, For EP/ Al and EP/Cu composites, and it have have maximum values of 0.33 and 0.35 W/m.K, respectively. While kexp for EP/ Fe composite show slight increase with maximum value of 0.186 W/m.K.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of electronic payment systems on the effectiveness of monetary policy
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Information and Communication Technology  revolution has led to the emergence of electronic payment systems and their means And that the replacement of these modern means replace the traditional means (legal money) issued by the Central Bank has influenced the performance of monetary policy, especially that monetary policy is one of the most important policies used to achieve economic stability ,  The aim of the research is To know the impact of electronic payment systems on the tools of monetary policy as these means, such as cards and electronic money issued by credit institutions and companies, that is, the Central Bank is not responsible for issuance and spread And the lack of regulation by the Central Bank will lea

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 03 2017
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF Zn0.9Sn0.1S THIN FILMS
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
A Study of Crystallographic and DC Electrical Characteristics of PPy/Ag Nanocomposites
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ABSTRACT: Polypyrrole and polypyrrole / silver nanocomposites were fabricated by in-situ polymerization employing Ammonium Persulphate as an oxidizing agent. Nanocomposites were synthesized by combining polypyrrole and silver nanoparticles in various weight percentages (0.1%, 0.5%, 3%, 5% and 7% wt.). Crystallographic data were collected using X-ray diffraction.  PPy particles were found to have an orthorhombic symmetry. In contrast, PPy/Ag nanocomposites were reported to have monoclinic structure. The crystallite size was determined by XRD using Scherrer equation and considered to be within 49 nm range. DC conductivity of pelletized samples was evaluated in the temperature range of 323.15k to 453.15k. The conductiv

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
(Generalized Anxiety Disorder among Students of Baisc Education in Unv of Sulamina)
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The current research aims to measure Generalized Anxiety Disorder among students of the University of Sulaymaniyah / College of Basic Education, and to identify the significance of differences between sex, scientific specialization and age, and for that reason, the research sample of (102) male and female students was chosen in a random manner, and the researcher used the diagnostic criteria for the generalized anxiety disorder contained He mentioned it in the Statistical and Diagnostic Manual of Psychiatry, and the paragraphs of the scale were formulated according to those standards after they verify the conditions of honesty and consistency, and the use of appropriate statistical means. The results of the research indicated that genera

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research
Detection of Kaposi’s Associated Herpesvirus in Saliva of Drug Related Immunosupressed Patient
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