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Performance of doubly reinforced concrete beams with GFRP bars
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Abstract<p>The study focused on examining the behavior of six concrete beams that were reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars to evaluate their performance in terms of their load-carrying capacity, deflection, and other mechanical properties. The experimental investigation would provide insights into the feasibility and effectiveness of GFRP bars as an alternative to traditional reinforcement materials like steel bars in concrete structures. The GFRP bars were used in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Each beam in the study shared the following specifications: an overall length of 2,400 mm, a clear span of 2,100 mm, and a rectangular cross-section measuring 300 mm in width and 250 mm in depth. To apply loads for testing, two-point static loads were placed at the middle third of the beam’s span, creating a shear span of 700 mm in length. The beams were categorized into three groups depending on the GFRP longitudinal reinforcement ratio in the tension and compression zones of the section. GFRP bars with a diameter of 15 mm were employed as longitudinal reinforcement, while closed GFRP stirrups with a diameter of 8 mm at 100 mm were utilized as transverse reinforcement throughout the structural element. Test results have indicated that the ultimate load capacity of doubly GFRP-reinforced concrete beams varies compared to singly GFRP-reinforced beams. The range of variation observed is between an increase of 8% and a decrease of 4%. Accordingly, the contribution of the GFRP bars in the compression zone is insignificant and could be ignored in design calculations. It was observed that the loading level at which crack spacing stabilized ranged between 31.3 and 87% of the experimental failure load. It seems that the crack spacing decreased with the increase in the reinforcement ratio.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Mutagenic Effect of water Extracts of Malva parviflora by Bacterial System (part II )
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This study was carried out in order to determine the toxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects for Mallow (Malva parviflora) in comparison to its mutagenic effect of Ultraviolet (UV) because it is consider physical mutagen by using parameters for the extract pri , with , post UV exposure by using bacterial system (G-system). The used system consisted of three isolates G3 Bacillus spp., G12 Arthrobacter spp. and G27 Brevibacterium spp.. The study depended on recording survival fraction (Sx) for studying the effects and induction of Streptomycin and Refampicin resistance mutants as a genetic markers.Water Extract was prepared from fresh and dry mallow leaves, stems, flowers and roots, in optimum concentration equal to (125µg/ml) which is

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 28 2026
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Embryos And Infertility Researches
Study of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Profile in the Seminal Fluid of Oligozoospermia Men
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Publication Date
Sat Feb 28 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
University of Baghdad/ College of Physical Education &amp; Sport Sciences Students Attitudes towards Drugs
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 30 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Cathodic Protection of Copper Pipes Carrying Saline Water in the Presence of Aerobic Bacteria
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Rates of zinc consumption during cathodic protection of a copper pipeline carrying saline water were measured by the loss in weight technique. The study of sacrificial anode cathodic protection of short copper tube using zinc strip extended axially in the pipe revealed that : (i) The increase of zinc consumption with time of exposure (1-3 h's) at different flow rates (turbulent flow) (300-600 l/hr) while the temperature , solution concentration and the pH were fixed at 20ºC, 3.5%wt NaCl, and pH=8 respectively in absence and presence of bacteria.(ii)Increase of zinc consumption with flow rates (300-600 l/hr) at different temperatures (10-40ºC) while solution concentration and time of exposure were fixed at 3.5 %wt NaCl and 3hr's respective

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Applied probability model of inventory multi- period in stores of cement factory in Samawah
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In this paper will be applied to a probability model of inventories periods of multiple stores of raw materials used in the cement industry, cement factory in Samawah and basic materials are limestone, soil normal, iron soil, fuel oil and gypsum. It was built of this model after the test and determine the distribution of demand during the supply period (waiting period) for each subject and independently of the rest of the material as it is not affected by any of the materials above interrelated in the process of supply, this test has been using the Statistical Package of (SPSS) and then was determining the amount of request optimum seeking in each batch and each substance known volume of economic optimization of

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Theoretical Study of The Electromagnetic Structure of Boron Isotopes Using Local Scale Transformation Technique
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 22 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Spectral Properties of Hybrid of Rhodamine (6G) Dyes Doped Epoxy Resin Dissolved in Chloroform
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            The research is dealing with the absorption and fluorescence spectra for the hybrid of  an Epoxy Resin doped with organic dye Rhodamine (R6G) of different concentrations (5*10-6, 5*10-5, 1*10-5, 1*10-4, 5*10-4) Mol/ℓ at room temperature. The Quantum efficiency Qfm, the rate of fluorescence emission Kfm (s-1), the non-radiative lifetime τfm (s), fluorescence lifetime τf and the Stokes shift were calculated. Also the energy gap (Eg) for each dye concentration was evaluated. The results showed that the maximum quantum effi

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
Engineering Journal
Effects of Water Table Level on Slope Stability and Construction Cost of Highway Embankment
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Highway embankments stability during its service period represents an important factor for the safety of highway users and vehicles. Consequently, the cost of construction of these embankments should be adequate to maintain the safety and durability during this period through proper estimation of the loading on asphalt pavement, slope stability, horizontal and vertical deformation, etc. Slope stability of the embankment mainly depends on the shear strength of the soil layers materials; this shear strength is affected by the water table level through the contribution of the capillary water. Negative pore water pressure above the water table level evolves matric suction in the unsaturated zone above water table; this matric suction increases

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 30 2001
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effect of Asphaltenes Removal on the Kinetics of Iraqi Reduced Crude Oil Hydrotreating
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Effect of CdCl2 and annealing treatments on structural properties of CdS/CdTe heterojunction
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CdS and CdTe thin films were thermally deposited onto glass substrate. The CdCl2 layer was deposited onto CdS surface. These followed by annealing for different duration times to modify the surface and interface of the junction. The diffraction patterns showed that the intensity of the peaks increased with the CdCl2/annealed treatment, and the grain sizes are increased after CdCl2/annealed treatment

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