The grey system model GM(1,1) is the model of the prediction of the time series and the basis of the grey theory. This research presents the methods for estimating parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the accumulative method (ACC), the exponential method (EXP), modified exponential method (Mod EXP) and the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO). These methods were compared based on the Mean square error (MSE) and the Mean Absolute percentage error (MAPE) as a basis comparator and the simulation method was adopted for the best of the four methods, The best method was obtained and then applied to real data. This data represents the consumption rate of two types of oils a heavy fuel (HFO) and diesel fuel (D.O) and the use of tests to confirm the accuracy of the grey model. After obtaining the results, the best method to estimate the parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the method of the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO) It has been used to treatment the missing values in the data and in the prediction where it has been shown to have the best results
The importance of research and study of classical Persian literature is not overlooked. So far, there have been many studies in this area. But there are still some things that need more research. Persian grammar is one of the most important branches of Persian literature. This section has always been converted at different times. One of the issues that has been neglected in the studies of classical literature is the study of the technical tales of past and past poetry. These texts can be studied from different perspectives. Because Persian is a mixed language, it is possible to combine language terms with each other or to add prefixes and suffixes to express new concepts. They can be used by exam
... Show MoreThis paper deals to how to estimate points non measured spatial data when the number of its terms (sample spatial) a few, that are not preferred for the estimation process, because we also know that whenever if the data is large, the estimation results of the points non measured to be better and thus the variance estimate less, so the idea of this paper is how to take advantage of the data other secondary (auxiliary), which have a strong correlation with the primary data (basic) to be estimated single points of non-measured, as well as measuring the variance estimate, has been the use of technique Co-kriging in this field to build predictions spatial estimation process, and then we applied this idea to real data in th
... Show MoreThis study discussed a biased estimator of the Negative Binomial Regression model known as (Liu Estimator), This estimate was used to reduce variance and overcome the problem Multicollinearity between explanatory variables, Some estimates were used such as Ridge Regression and Maximum Likelihood Estimators, This research aims at the theoretical comparisons between the new estimator (Liu Estimator) and the estimators
This study relates to the estimation of a simultaneous equations system for the Tobit model where the dependent variables ( ) are limited, and this will affect the method to choose the good estimator. So, we will use new estimations methods different from the classical methods, which if used in such a case, will produce biased and inconsistent estimators which is (Nelson-Olson) method and Two- Stage limited dependent variables(2SLDV) method to get of estimators that hold characteristics the good estimator .
That is , parameters will be estim
... Show MoreSatire is genre of the literary arts that has always been the source of human interest. Because it is difficult to accept direct criticism, Satire appears as a literary tool in which vices, follies, abuses and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. A satirical critic usually employs irony to attain this goal. Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often profitable social criticism, using wit to draw at
... Show MoreThe evaluation process of transportation problem required finding basic feasible solution (bfs). Represent the base of decision making process. To purpose start anther batter solution to able from decisions taking process, consider the decision making process, find (bfs) represent the standard form in linear programming (LP). Most important stage of update (bsf) stages that achieved minimum cost (the optimal solution). the goal of paper to improving & evaluation (bfs) by new procedure (proposed method) comparison with Vogel method.
صورة المراة في رواية (متساوون ومتساوون اكثر) للروائي الاسرائيلي العراقي الاصل ( سامي ميخائيل ) هو صورة المرأة اليهودية في زمن الهجرة و الدمار ، صوت مرتفع تجسده شخصيات الرواية النسوية، في محاولة لإيقاظ المجتمع الاسرائيلي وتنبيهه في اتجاه الظلم الكبير الذي عانت منه المرأة ، وتحديدا – المرأة اليهودية العراقية - في ظل تناقضات هذا المجتمع وسلبياته. و الصوت الأنثوي في الرواية يفصح - بشكل لافت - عن عالم المرأة
... Show Moreاختط رواد السينما الوثائقية ومنذ البدايات الاولى ، طريق خاص في تعاملهم مع عناصر اللغة السينمائية من جهة وطرح القصة او الحكاية الفلمية من جهة اخرى، فعناصر اللغة السينمائية اقتصرت على عملية النقل المباشر وتصوير الافعال دون امكانية التحكم بها مع الابتعاد عن ااي توظيف للمؤثرات الصورية وما ينتج عنها من خداع وايهام او تكوين بناء جمالي تشكيلي يلعب النص الضوئي دور في إظهاره، اما على مستوى القصة فأن التعامل يكون مع
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