The study aimed to design a test of pre-writing skills for public kindergartens in Baghdad city. The test consisted of (25) items applied on a sample of (150) kindergarteners to identify these skills as well as to identify the significant difference between male and female children and if there is a difference between pre-school children and kindergarteners. The results showed the presence of pre-writing skills with a high degree in kindergarten children. The differences were clear in these skills between male and female children and those in pre-school than those in kindergartens. The researcher suggested a number of recommendations and proposals.

Cilnidipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used to improve the neurological outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage. It belongs to BCS class II drugs that have a low oral bioavailability of 13%, thus preparation as nanoparticles would be expected to improve bioavailability. The aim of the study is to prepare Cilnidipine as nanoparticles using different carriers and co-carriers, concentrations, and types. Cilnidipine nanoparticles were prepared by a solvent anti-solvent method using different carriers (Soluplus®, Poloxamer 188, PVA cold) with co-stabilizers (PEG200, glycerol) at different ratios. Based on the obtained results, formula N4, which included Soloplus in a 5:5:1.19 weight ratio of drug to

The effect of the aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.), Rhodium complex (?) with formula [RhL2CLH2O].1 1/2 ETOH and palladium (?) [pdl2].2ETOH,where L=2-hydroxy phenyl piperonalidine was studied on two cancer cell lines. The first cell line was intestine cancer of female albino mice (L20B), the second one was Rhabdomysarcomas (RD)cell line in human. The activity of the new complexes and the aqueous extract was compared to the well-known anticancer drug (cis-platin) by utilizing the in vitro system. The cell lines were treated with four concentrations of cis-platin 31.25,62.5,125 and 250 ?g/ml for 72 hour exposure time. The same concentrations were used with extract and the new complexes. This study showed that t

Twelve N-(6-sustirured benzothanol-2-y1) succinamic acids and 3-(6-substitted benzonathol-2-y1)-carbamoyl propionyl chloride were synthesized in good yields from reaction of benzonathol2-yl)

Research included the preparation of medicinal substances ( propyl thiouracil). Which is the rule thiourea and related compounds a fundamental rule in preparation fall within the range of drugs of anti-thyroid activity (Antithyroid Drug ) , this drug prevents the thyroid hormone production against excessive activity of the thyroid gland .That the formation of iodine is important for their impact on hormone secretion thyroid , the two types, thyroxin or T4 is the main hormone ,Triiodothyronine or T3, and these hormones released by hormone regulator called (TSH) . Article attend thiourea treatment with an alcohol- soluble sodium and added to the interaction rule b- oxo ester after adjusting the PH=4 output ( propylthiouracil ) the

This work concerns the synthesis of two types of composites based on antimony oxide named (Sb₂O₃):(WO₃, In₂O₃). Thin films were fabricated using pulsed laser deposition. The compositional analysis was explored using Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), which confirms the existence of antimony, tungsten, and indium oxides in the prepared samples. The hall effect measurement showed that antimony oxide nanostructure thin films are p-type and gradually converted to n-type by the addition of tungsten oxide, while they are converted almost instantly to n-type by the addition of indium oxide. Different heterojunction solar cells were prepared from (Sb₂O₃:WO

This review covers recent progress in the synthesis of curcumin and the bioactivity of semisynthetic and synthetic analogs of curcumin. The review also shows how curcumin is a useful intermediate for the synthesis of more complex organic molecules; historical perspective; the process of preparing the metal complexes and characterization the produced complexes using various spectral and other techniques; shows the importance of curcumin and its derivatives for their potential applications in medical devices and broad-spectrum of medical application such as antibiotic ointment, alternative therapeutics, antifungal, and antibacterial activities

The study's objective is to produce Nano Graphene Oxide (GO) before using it for batch adsorption to remove heavy metals (Cadmium Cd⁺², Nickel Ni⁺², and Vanadium V⁺⁵) ions from industrial wastewater. The temperature effect (20-50) °C and initial concentration effect (100-800) mg L^-1 on the adsorption process were studied. A simulation aqueous solution of the ions was used to identify the adsorption isotherms, and after the experimental data was collected, the sorption process was studied kinetically and thermodynamically. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models were used to fit the data. The results showed that Cd, Ni, and V ions on the GO adsorbing surface matched the Langmuir mo

       Optical properties and surface morphology of pure and doped Polystyrene films with different divalent metals of Zn, Cu and Sn and one concentration percentage have been studied. Measurements of UV-Vis spectrophotometer and AFM spectroscopy were determined. The absorbance, transmittance and reflectance spectrums were used to study different optical parameters such as absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient and energy gap in the wavelengths rang 200-800nm. These parameters have increased in the presence of the metals. The change in the calculated values of energy gaps with doping metals content has been investigated in terms of PS matrix structural modification. The value of opt

Background: Complete denture wearers show lower levels of bite force than dentate subjects. This has a significant influence on their chewing efficiency. In this study an attempt was made to investigate the effect of the impression technique on the maximum bite force in complete denture wearers. Materials and methods: The patients selected for this research were 12 edentulous patients. Three different techniques for registering the final impression were made; the mucostatic, mucofunctional, and the selective pressure impression technique. Two sets of upper and lower denture bases and one set of upper and lower dentures were constructed for each subject. Intraoral and extraoral instruments and devices, as well as a computer program were used