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Comparing simple root phenotyping methods on a core set of rice genotypes
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Abstract<p>Interest in belowground plant growth is increasing, especially in relation to arguments that shallow‐rooted cultivars are efficient at exploiting soil phosphorus while deep‐rooted ones will access water at depth. However, methods for assessing roots in large numbers of plants are diverse and direct comparisons of methods are rare. Three methods for measuring root growth traits were evaluated for utility in discriminating rice cultivars: soil‐filled rhizotrons, hydroponics and soil‐filled pots whose bottom was sealed with a non‐woven fabric (a potential method for assessing root penetration ability). A set of 38 rice genotypes including the Oryza<styled-content style="fixed-case">SNP</styled-content> set of 20 cultivars, additional parents of mapping populations and products of marker‐assisted selection for root <styled-content style="fixed-case">QTL</styled-content>s were assessed. A novel method of image analysis for assessing rooting angles from rhizotron photographs was employed. The non‐woven fabric was the easiest yet least discriminatory method, while the rhizotron was highly discriminatory and allowed the most traits to be measured but required more than three times the labour of the other methods. The hydroponics was both easy and discriminatory, allowed temporal measurements, but is most likely to suffer from artefacts. Image analysis of rhizotrons compared favourably to manual methods for discriminating between cultivars. Previous observations that cultivars from the <italic>indica</italic> subpopulation have shallower rooting angles than <italic>aus</italic> or <italic>japonica</italic> cultivars were confirmed in the rhizotrons, and <italic>indica</italic> and <italic>temperate japonicas</italic> had lower maximum root lengths in rhizotrons and hydroponics. It is concluded that rhizotrons are the preferred method for root screening, particularly since root angles can be assessed.</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Green Regulatory Tapes and Their Reflections on the Job Development - A Study for the Sample of Employees in the Nineveh Directorate for Bridges & Roads
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The performance of job effectively requires narrowing the meaningful routine activities and attempting employing the job procedures in favor of public welfare through adding the green impact as well as removing them from the red tapes which reflect the firmness of procedures, to enable the job parties to make their job independently, and pushing them to gain priority in the competition layer. This is not attaining easily amidst the regulatory problems expressed by the complication of procedures, the thing which make identifying the problem of the study through the following question:

Should we make the complex of procedures and their firmness a way to adopt the idea of the green regulatory tapes supportin

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Effect of Heterogeneity on Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability Curves in Carbonate Reservoirs. A Case Study for Mishrif Formation in West Qurna/1 Oilfield, Iraq
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The special core analysis tests were accomplished on a set of core plugs for Mishrif Formation (mA, mB1, and mB2cde/mC units) in West Qurna/1 oilfield, southern Iraq. Oil relative permeability (Kro) data and the Corey-type fit of the data as functions of the brine saturation at the core outlet face for individual samples in the water-oil imbibition process to estimate relative permeability measurements by the centrifuge method were utilized. Identical correlations for oil and water relative permeabilities were extracted by steady-state and unsteady-state methods. For the mA samples, the gas-water capillary pressure curves were within a narrow range (almost identical) indicating that mA is a homogeneous unit. Kro curves for three mB2

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
What Imam Ibn al-Subki disagreed with Imam al-Amadi in Tashnif al-Masma’, the chapter on analogy as a model
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Takbiratul Ehram "The First Takbeer to Start Prayer" means: the words that the worshiper says to start his prayers, and refrain from anything invalidates it. the findings revealed that the four school jurists agreed that the prayer is not valid without Takbiratul Ehram "The First Takbeer to Start Prayer", and they disagreed on its description, so the majority of jurists said that it is a pillar, and some of them called it an obligatory, but Hanafi made it a condition. Likewise, the four jurists agreed that the one who articulates Takbiratul Ehram "The First Takbeer to Start Prayer" with the word: “Allahu Akbar,”; his Takbeer is correct, and they disagreed about the one who adds a word, or replaced it with another, where the m

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Design a system for an approved video copyright over cloud based on biometric iris and random walk generator using watermark technique
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 21 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Entomology And Zoology Studies
Comparison study between a crude bacterial suspension and purified pseudomonal alkaline protease enzyme effect on the rabbit interleukin-2 bacterial keratitis
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 30 2023
Journal Name
Al Mustansiriyah Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Multiple Sclerosis is a Risk Factor for Hyperthyroidism and Interferon Beta Action on Thyroid Hormones via Novel Immuno-neuro-enzymological Mechanisms
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Objective : Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease deeply linked with the immune-inflammatory disorders whereas the term (multiple) mostly refers to the multi-focal zones of Inflammation caused by lymphocytes and macrophages infiltration besides oligodendrocytes death. Accordingly , the dysfunctional immune system able to damage myelin ( a pivotal component of the central nervous system ) which responsible for communication among neurons. The aim of the present study is to innovate a biochemical relationship between MS and thyroid hormones (THs) by highlighting immunological responses and also to examine the action of Interferon beta (IFNβ) drug on thyroid hormone (THs) and thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH). Materials and

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2007
Journal Name
University Of Baghdad
The Psychic Experience and its Effects on the Creative Process: A Study in Selected Poems By Allen Ginsberg and David Gascoyne
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Evidences indicate that human beings were preoccupied with extreme forms of mental and psychic experiences long before they were recorded in literature. Greek myths and legends appear to include symbolizations of delusions, mania, and other bizarre forms of thought and behaviuor. The figure of the mad man or woman is analogous to the wild man, or the imaginary being who appears in various forms throughout western literature and art. Various studies refer to the notion of the wild man as a response to a persistent psychological urge. This urge gives an external expression and a valid form to the impulses of reckless physical self-assertion which is believed to be hidden in all of us, but is normally kept under control. Such impulses were exp

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Biological Macromolecules
A novel designed nanofibrous mat based on hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose incorporating mango peel extract for potential use in wound care system
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 16 2019
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Exposition of University Youth to Television Advertising and its Reflection on the Development of their Cognitive Abilities A survey of students (College of Media / University of Baghdad) as ample
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This research is aimed at identifying the communicative habits and the impact of the content on the communicative process, especially the youth audience, which is one of the most important categories to which the advertisement is directed, as young people face life with passion and aspiration that make then responsive to all the influences used by the media in designing advertisements which use all the techniques and methocls to attract young people, such as relying on drama , artistic tricks, musical phrases and advertising slogans that respond to the desire of young people in entertainment.
The research aims to identify the reflection of television advertising and its impact on the development of the cognitive abilities of universi

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Impact of Means of Communication on Electoral Behavior and its Relationship to the Political Disparity of the Family (A Field Study of an Audience of the University of Baghdad’s Students)
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Iraq has seen many changes at the social, economic and political levels. This led to cause many shifts in the structure of its society and imposed great challenges reflected in the behavior and awareness of that society in general and youth in particular.

Those changes made the Iraqi society undergoing the transformation of value and culture aspects formed a political awareness that caused cultural and political diversity within the family and society. A greater openness to the outside world caused by the communication revolution, as the world has witnessed during the past two decades, has helped in making that change. Iraq had its share of media and political openness, which were included after the US occupation in 2003. As a re

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