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Application of zirconia surface coating to improve fracture resistance and stress distribution of zirconia ceramic restorations
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Zirconia ceramic restoration (ZCR) has a higher fracture incidence rate than metal ceramic restoration. Different surface treatments were used to improve fracture performance of ZCR such as grit blasting (GB) by aluminium oxide powder. This type of surface treatment generate residual stresses on veneering ceramic causing crack initiation and ending with a fracture. In order to overcome the stress generated by GB, zirconia surface coating is used as a surface treatment to improve fracture resistance and to accommodate stresses along the ZCR layers. Fifty zirconia ceramic crowns were fabricated and divided according to the type of surface treatment into three groups; the first group is (ZG), involving 20 cores were coated with a mixture of partially-sintered zirconia powder (PZP) and glaze ceramic powder; the second group is (ZL), including of 20 cores were coated with PZP and liner ceramic paste. The third group is grit blasting (GB), preparing of 10 fully sintered cores at 1350 °C which then abraded by 50 µm aluminium oxide powder. The groups ZG and ZL were further subdivided into ZG26, ZG47, ZL26 and ZL47 based on two PZP sizes (47 and 26 µm). Each treated core was veneered with the veneering ceramic layer. Fracture resistance (FR) was measured by the universal testing machine. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to simulate the stress distributions on the coated and non-coated zirconia crown models. The ZG47 group had higher FR (647.92 ± 97.33 N) and a significant difference (P < 0.00) compared to GB and other coated groups. The FEA exhibited lower and evenly distributed stresses of the zirconia glaze model than the zirconia liner and the non-coated models. The ZG47 coating considered as an alternative method to GB treatment which increases the FR which significantly improved the clinical performance of the ZCR.

Scopus
Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The healthy personality and its relation to the academic achievement of school and university teacher
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Personality regard as one of the human soul pillars that has been built throughout the life of people, starting from the fertilizing process to different stages of people ages. Over time, numerous scientific studies have shown that fetus has the ability to hear and feel and he is being stereotyped since the first stages of formation. Accordingly, the process of forming human personality set up since that date. Besides, the socialization means that take different resources to enhance human personality such as holy Quran, school, social media, and social environment. The emergence of social media made the world as a small village which gives the chance for all people, over the world, to obtain the knowledge easily and limitless. Thus, the

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Mono-Multi Vision and Its Relationship to Psychological Rebellion and Personality Traits of University Students
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The current research seeks to identify mono-multi Vision and its relation to the psychological rebellion and personality traits of university students. To achieve this aim, the researcher has followed all the procedures of the descriptive correlational approach, as it is the closest approach to the objectives of the current research. The researcher has determined his research community for Baghdad University students for the academic year 2019-2020. As for the research sample, it was chosen by the random stratified method with a sample of (500) male and female students. In order to collect data from the research sample, the researcher adopted a mono-multi-dimensional scale

(Othman, 2007), the researcher designed a psychological r

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 26 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Measuring the tax gap resulting from the application of the direct deduction method and its reflection on the financial objective of the tax: Applied research in the General Directorate of education in Diyala
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The research aims to shed light on the nature of the tax gap in the income tax by the method of direct deduction and its reflection on the financial objective of the tax, and to determine the reasons for this gap in the deduction between the tax due in accordance with the laws and instructions in force and the tax actually paid. The tax gap is a real problem that cannot be ignored for what it represents loss of financial revenues due to the state.

The research problem is represented in the existence of a gap between the tax due according to direct deduction instructions and the tax actually paid according to the financial statements, and to achieve the objectives of the research and test the hypotheses, t

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2008
Journal Name
University Of Baghdad
The use of remote sensing to study the reflection of the ground cover and its relationship to some soil characteristics in the Abi Gharib area
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Calculation of the partical distribution function g(r12,r1) for Carbon Ion cases (C+2,C+3,C+4) in the position space
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The aim of this work is study the partical distribution function g(r12,r1) for Carbon ion cases (C+2,C+3,C+4) in the position space using Hartree-Fock's Wave function, and the partitioning technique for each shell which is represented by Carbon Ions [C+2 (1s22s2)], [C+3 (1s22s)] and [C+4 (1s2)]. A comparision has been made among the three Carbon ions for each shell. A computer programs (MATHCAD ver. 2001i) has been used texcute the results.

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Employing Statistical Analysis in Public Relations Researches: (An Analytical Study of the Theses and Dissertations of Public Relations for the Period from 2005 to 2012)
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Public relations are amongst the social sciences that rely on scientific methods in achieving new knowledge or resolving existing problems by means of its scientific researches that are often applied and require a classification in terms of their results’ analysis. It also requires subtle statistical processes whether in constructing their material or in analyzing and interpreting their results.

This research seeks to identify the relation between public relations and statistics, and the significance a researcher or practitioner in the domain of public relations should assign to statistics being one of the important criteria in identifying the accuracy and object

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Control Program for Hydropower Operation Based on Minimizing the Principal Stress Values on the Dam Body: Mosul Dam Case Study
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This study examines the vibrations produced by hydropower operations to improve embankment dam safety. This study consists of two parts: In the first part, ANSYS-CFX was used to generate a three-dimensional (3-D) finite volume (FV) model to simulate a vertical Francis turbine unit in the Mosul hydropower plant. The pressure pattern result of the turbine model was transformed into the dam body to show how the turbine unit's operation affects the dam's stability. The upstream reservoir conditions, various flow rates, and fully open inlet gates were considered. In the second part of this study, a 3-D FE Mosul dam model was simulated using an ANSYS program. The operational turbine model's water pressure pattern is conveyed t

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Traumatic Stress Disorders &amp; Treatment
Randomised Controlled Study Comparing Two Psychological Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) vs. Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET)
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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Jan 11 2024
Journal Name
Eximia
Using an educational method according to special exercises to perform the skill of bow and develop flexibility for cub wrestlers in Iraq
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creating unique exercises utilizing a teaching approach that works with the research sample, determining how special exercises affect the development of torso flexibility, and determining how special exercises affect the development of bow ability. Activate the search The results of the pre- and post-tests for the control and experimental research groups show a statistically significant association that is favoring the post-test in the development of bow skill performance Using the experimental technique, the researcher set up one group and gave them two tests (pre and post) based on scientific theories that made sense for the topic at hand. Forty adolescent wrestlers from the Adhamiya Club in the Baghdad Governorate were recognized

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Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Feb 17 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Enamel defect of primary and permanent teeth in relation to nutrients daily intake among Down's syndrome children in comparison to normal children
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Background: Any child with Down's syndrome does not develop in the same manner as normal child. Therefore, the child should not be viewed as being like everyone else. Developmental enamel defects in primary teeth have been found at least twice as frequently in disabled children as in control children. Down's syndrome consumed protein more than the recommended daily allowance compared to other disabled groups. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate developmental defects of enamel and their relations to nutrient intake among Down's syndrome children in comparison to normal children. Materials and Methods: A sample consisted of fifty institutionalized Down's syndrome children (study group) and 50 normal children (control group)

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