Excessive torque and drag can be critical limitation during drilling highly deviated oil wells. Using the modeling is regarded as an invaluable process to assist in well planning and to predict and prevent drilling problems. Identify which problems lead to excessive torque and drag to prevent cost losses and equipment damage. Proper modeling data is highly important for knowing and prediction hole problems may occur due to torque and drag and select the best method to avoid these problems related to well bore and drill string. In this study, Torque and drag well plan program from landmark worldwide programming group (Halliburton Company) used to identify hole problems.one deviated well in Zubair oil fields named, ZB-250 selected for analyses the effect of friction factor on torque and effective `tension of the drill string along well depth, moreover the effect of well bore problems such as; mud losses, accumulation of cutting bed in the well bore, stuck pipe, caving, sloughing, high torque and drag values on drill string components and well trajectory. Wells data which include hole section size, mud properties, well profile survey, casing string depth, rig specification, drill string components, drilling parameters like weight on bit, rotary speed and flow rate were used to compare between planning and drilling stages for these wells and identify the reasons of difference between these stages. The results showed a difference for the drilling phase and increasable in effective tension, torque, pick up and slack off drag, measured string weight, and possibility to occur the buckling if compare with planning phase. Wellbore instability, high friction factor, high tortuosity, high flow rate ,stuck pipe , excessive drag spot, partial to total losses, increase of drilling parameters, hard formations and bad hole cleaning, all these factors yield to this difference between planning and actual phases. When drilling hole section 8.5", the main causes of varying were drilling fluid losses, high value of friction factor, stuck pipe and friction forces when the maximum torque was (16 to 20 klb-ft) and pick up weight (20-40 klb)
KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, AH Muhammad Ali, 2008 - Cited by 3
The aim of this project was to study the in vitro effect of antineoplastic drugs (vincristine and vinblastine) on mice spermatozoa. Eighteen adult (age 8-9 weeks) male mice were divided into three groups equally. The animals in each group were slain by cervical dislocation, the testes were removed and two tails of epididymides isolated. Spermatozoa were obtained from the two tails of epididymides by mincing in 500 µl TCM-199.The first group non-treated (unadded) as a control group, second group added 10 µg/ml of vincristine to TCM-199 and the third group added 10 µg/ml of vinblastine to TCM-199. After 10 minutes from added of vincristine and vinblastin measured the following test: spermatozoa activity, percentage dead spermatozoa and mor
... Show MoreInfertilityis oneuof the most problemsathatufacingaadvancedunations. In the general, about halfof allacasesaof the infertility are causedby factors thaturelated toathe male partner. Propos educausesvofumalev infertility include evgeneticuand environmental factors. Blood samples from 64 infertileumen allawere living in urban its al-Fallujah city (30 azospermeiauand 34 oligospermeia) and 32 fertile men (asuthe control group) were collected. Heavy metal concentrations inusera of infertile and fertile groupswereumeasured by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Y- chromosomemicrodeletions were detected by using PCR techniques. Significantdifferences (P?0.05)uin the concentration ofucopper (0.0267±0.0147 and 0.0278±0.0273, for inf
... Show MoreThe antiviral activity of leaf extracts from Datura stramonium and tomato plants inoculated with TMV, combined with 20% skimmed milk, was investigated. A TMV isolate was confirmed using bioassay, serological, and molecular approaches and subsequently used to inoculate plants. Tomato plants, both pre- and post-inoculated with TMV, were sprayed with leaf extracts from either TMV-free or infected plants, alone or mixed with 20% skimmed milk. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using tobamovirus-specific antibodies and local lesion tests were conducted to assess antiviral activity based on virus concentration and infectivity in treated plants. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD), and the Least Significant
... Show MoreRefuse derived fuel (RDF) is considered one of the most important types of low cost thermal energy which can be tapped in the industry, especially the cement industry in particular being the need of high thermal energy during the production processes, and in this paper we have implemented the use of a derivative of the fuel RDF as a substitute for gasoline , to reduce production costs and thereby achieve production efficiency, and the methodology used in this research statistical analysis as well as the use of the cost of kaizen target for the purpose of reducing costs and achieve production efficiency, and this has reduced the cost total cement production by which led to reduce total costs of cement production by 8.4% and an incre
... Show MoreThe Lamiaceae L. family grows and widely distributed in Iraq. The study aimed to enumerate the species that has been preserved in several botanical herbariums: National Herbarium of Iraq- Ministry of Agriculture (BAG), University of Baghdad Herbarium (BUH), Iraq Natural History Research Center& Museum- University of Baghdad Herbarium (BUNH), College of Agricultural Engineering- University of Baghdad Herbarium (BUG), College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences- Duhok Province University Herbarium (DPUH) and College of Science - Salahddin University Herbarium (SUH). This family has not yet been registered in the Flora of Iraq. After examining more than 1000 herbarium specimens, the study found 139 species belonging to 33 genera h
... Show MoreSimple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is described based on the coupling reaction of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC. HCl) with diazotized 4-aminopyridine in bulk and pharmaceutical forms. Colored azo dye formed during this reaction is measured at 433 nm as a function of time. Factors affecting the reaction yield were studied and the conditions were optimized. The kinetic study involves initial rate and fixed time (10 minutes) procedures for constructing the calibration graphs to determine the concentration of (TC. HCl). The graphs were linear for both methods in concentration range of 10.0 to 100.0 µg.mL-1. The recommended procedure was applied successfully in the determination of (TC. HCl) in itscommercial formulations.
... Show MoreIn this paper, we investigate and study quantum theoretical of quark-gluon interaction modeling in QGP matter formatted. In theoretical modeling, we can use a flavor number, strength coupling, critical energy Tc = 190 MeV, system energy (400-650)MeV, fugacity of quark and gluon, and photon energy in range of 1-10 GeV parameter to calculation and investigation spectrum of photon rate. We calculation and study the photon rate produced through bremsstrahlung processes from the stable QGP matter. The photon rate production from cg → dgy systems at bremsstrahlung processes are found to be increased with increased fugacity, decreased strength coupling, decreased the photons energy and temperature of system. The photons rate in cg → dgy is inc
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