The approach of green synthesis of bio-sorbent has become simple alternatives to chemical synths as they use for example plant extracts, plus green synthesis outperforms chemical methods because it is environmentally friendly besides has wide applications in environmental remediation. This paper investigates the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) using green tea nano zero-valent iron (GT-NZVI) in an aqueous solution. The synthesized GT-NZVI was categorized using SEM, AFM, BET, FTIR, and Zeta potentials techniques. The spherical nanoparticles were found to be nano zero-valent, with an average size of 85 nm and a surface area of 2.19m2/g. The results showed that the removal efficiency of ciprofloxacin depends on the initial pH (2.5-10), CIP concentration (2 -15 mg/L), temperature (20 -50°C), time (0-180 min), and GT-NZVI dose (0.1-1 g/L). Batch experiments found that 100% of 0.01 mg/L CIP was removed within 120 min with an initial ratio (w/w) of 1:50 (CIP: GT-NZVI) at optimum pH10. Kinetic models for adsorption and mechanism removal of ciprofloxacin were also examined, and the kinetic analysis showed that adsorption is a physical adsorption mechanism with 0.84606 kJ/mol activation energy. The kinetic removal process is the preferred pseudo-first-order model after a physical diffusion-controlled reaction, due to the low energy of activation of 17.66 kJ/mol. Adsorption isotherms information from Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were followed, and the thermodynamic parameter ∆G0 values were -0.3671, -07494, - 2.2490 and-2.3005 kJ/mol at 20, 30, 40, and 50°C, respectively. The value of ΔH0 and ΔS0 were 21.067 kJ/mol and 0.073 kJ/mol.K, which indicated favourable and endothermic sorption. UV-analysis was applied to identify the presence and concentration of CIP in aqueous media.
This study aims at evaluating the performance of MA students in the College of Education for Women in using the digital transformation and identifying the significant difference in performance evaluation according to the variable of academic qualification (Master or PHD). In order to achieve the aim of the research the researcher prepared a questionnaire of 20 items, and this happens after the researcher's getting acquaintance of the literature of previous studies related to the variable of the research. The apparent validity of the items was examined by exposing them to 10 juries specialized in education, psychology and evaluation and measurement. The stability of the items was examined via two methods, the test-repetition and half-divisio
... Show MoreIn this paper, the Monte-Carlo simulation method was used to compare the robust circular S estimator with the circular Least squares method in the case of no outlier data and in the case of the presence of an outlier in the data through two trends, the first is contaminant with high inflection points that represents contaminant in the circular independent variable, and the second the contaminant in the vertical variable that represents the circular dependent variable using three comparison criteria, the median standard error (Median SE), the median of the mean squares of error (Median MSE), and the median of the mean cosines of the circular residuals (Median A(k)). It was concluded that the method of least squares is better than the
... Show MoreAbstract—The upper limb amputation exerts a significant burden on the amputee, limiting their ability to perform everyday activities, and degrading their quality of life. Amputee patients’ quality of life can be improved if they have natural control over their prosthetic hands. Among the biological signals, most commonly used to predict upper limb motor intentions, surface electromyography (sEMG), and axial acceleration sensor signals are essential components of shoulder-level upper limb prosthetic hand control systems. In this work, a pattern recognition system is proposed to create a plan for categorizing high-level upper limb prostheses in seven various types of shoulder girdle motions. Thus, combining seven feature groups, w
... Show MoreHeuristic approaches are traditionally applied to find the optimal size and optimal location of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices in power systems. Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique has been applied to solve power engineering optimization problems giving better results than classical methods. This paper shows the application of GA for optimal sizing and allocation of a Static Compensator (STATCOM) in a power system. STATCOM devices used to increase transmission systems capacity and enhance voltage stability by regulate the voltages at its terminal by controlling the amount of reactive power injected into or absorbed from the power system. IEEE 5-bus standard system is used as an example to illustrate the te
... Show MoreIn this paper we used Hosoya polynomial ofgroupgraphs Z1,...,Z26 after representing each group as graph and using Dihedral group to"encrypt the plain texts with the immersion property which provided Hosoya polynomial to immerse the cipher text in another"cipher text to become very"difficult to solve.
The surface finish of the machining part is the mostly important characteristics of products quality and its indispensable customers’ requirement. Taguchi robust parameters designs for optimizing for surface finish in turning of 7025 AL-Alloy using carbide cutting tool has been utilized in this paper. Three machining variables namely; the machining speeds (1600, 1900, and 2200) rpm, depth of cut (0.25, 0.50, 0.75) mm and the feed rates (0.12, 0.18, 0.24) mm/min utilized in the experiments. The other variables were considered as constants. The mean surface finish was utilized as a measuring of surface quality. The results clarified that increasing the speeds reduce the surface roughness, while it rises with increasing the depths and fee
... Show MoreReduce the required time for measuring the permeability of clayey soils by using new manufactured cell
In current article an easy and selective method is proposed for spectrophotometric estimation of metoclopramide (MCP) in pharmaceutical preparations using cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure. The method involved reaction between MCP with 1-Naphthol in alkali conditions using Triton X-114 to form a stable dark purple dye. The Beer’s law limit in the range 0.34-9 μg mL-1 of MCP with r =0.9959 (n=3) after optimization. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and percentage recoveries were 0.89 %, and (96.99–104.11%) respectively. As well, using surfactant cloud point extraction as a method to extract MCP was reinforced the extinction coefficient(ε) to 1.7333×105L/mol.cm in surfactant-rich phase. The small volume of organi
... Show MoreNon Uniform Illumination biological image often leads to diminish structures and inhomogeneous intensities of the image. Algorithm has been proposed using Morphological Operations different types of structuring elements including (dick, line, square and ball) with the same parameters of (15).To correct the non-uniform illumination and enhancement biological images, the non-uniform background illumination have been removed from image, using (contrast adjustment, histogram equalization and adaptive histogram equalization). The used basic approach to extract the statistical features values from gray level of co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) can show the typical values for features content of biological images that can be in form of shape or sp
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