The educational service industry is one of the most negatively affected industries by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Government agencies have taken many measures to slow its spread, and then restrict movement and gatherings and stop recreational activities. Furthermore, the repercussions of the curfew had a significant impact due to the interruption in actual attendance for students and employees, and the severity of the Covid-19 crisis and its (economic, social, security, humanitarian and behavioral) effects on all societies and work sectors is no secret to anyone. Iraq, like other countries, was also affected by the negative impact of Covid-19 pandemic in all fields of institutional work, especially public fields, and specifically the field of education, given that It is based on the necessity for the administration to maintain the continuity of workers’ commitment to perform their duties, which raised the possibility of them being exposed to greater levels of pressure and workload due to the requirements to adhere to the new work procedures as specified by the crisis cell, such as full curfew and social distancing measures to preserve health, and since workers represent the lifeline of any an organization, managing and dealing with them was considered to be highly important because despite the lack of material and financial resources in business, employees remain one of the key assets that administrations of organizations must take care of and ensure the quality of their practical life and careers, not only during crises but at all times, by striving to satisfy them in order to maintain their organizational loyalty. These changes in work methods and procedures have likely had an impact on the performance and commitment of employees. Therefore, employee satisfaction has become one of the important topics that need examination and testing in light of crises in general and the COVID-19 crisis in particular. The global health crisis forced institutions to expedite the formulation of plans and a response strategy with little guidance as a result of the unprecedented nature of the epidemic, and then there was an impact on the predetermined factors that might have affected the satisfaction of employees in various institutions, especially service institutions whose work required them to continue providing services and complete work. In addition, the previously less relevant factors have become prevalent due to the nature of the pandemic; for example, the topics of job insecurity, unemployment and health risks have been identified as the most serious consequences of the epidemic globally. This research came to examine the level of job satisfaction of employees working in the educational institution (the University of Baghdad as a model) and its relationship to the degree of their organizational loyalty in light of the COVID 19 pandemic based on the knowledge generated by reviewing the literature that was used to identify the key factors that affect employee’s satisfaction and hence the degree of loyalty to his\her organization, and the foundational idea that employee’s satisfaction affects the overall performance level of the organization is based on several factors, including the degree of employee loyalty and devotion to work, thus, maintaining an adequate level of job satisfaction for employees is one of the key factors in maintaining effective organizational performance for any organization. In light of the changes that took place in the methods and procedures of institutional work in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, it became important to unveil the positive and negative factors that affected the job satisfaction of employees and then their organizational loyalty to achieve further organizational progress and improvement and then improve the overall performance of the organization. thus came this research to focus on analyzing the relationship between employee satisfaction and organizational loyalty during the COVID-19 pandemic, and for that reason, we developed questionnaires to identify job satisfaction and organizational loyalty at the job level for employees of the educational institution, the University of Baghdad (Colleges of Education for Girls and Science for Girls) in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included (279) employees from the Colleges of Education for Girls and the College of Science for Girls, with a rate of (135) (144) employees, respectively. Employee satisfaction was considered an independent variable, and organizational loyalty was considered a dependent variable. Reliability tests, correlation analysis and regression were conducted to prove the research hypotheses, and the results of the research showed that satisfied employees tend to be more loyal and devoted to the organization and contribute positively to improving organizational performance. Furthermore, at the time of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, employees in the field of educational services at the University of Baghdad.
The wisdom of the Creator ensures the call of every prophet with a miracle that would be something beyond what is familiar from the customs.the prophet Mohammad (pbuh)whose miracle was the Qur’an in a clear Arabic tongue
Sufi architecture (gorges, bands, and zawiyas) played an important
role in the development of Islamic civilization, especially since these
buildings are used as centers of religious education and Sufism, where
people are taught the basic principles of Islam, the biography of the
Prophet, and Sufism.
The main target of this paper is to determine the optimum time for preventive maintenance on machines. Tow methods has been implemented estimating the optimum time duration for preventive maintenance . the first techniques use scheduling depending on data concerning the machine maintenance cost and halted cost from the production reach to the optimum time for maintenance which reflect the minimum cost. Where as the second techniques depends on reability function to estimate the optimum duration time which reflect the minimum cost. The tow techniques above by which we count on in fixing the preventive maintenance both give same result . we also prove that the scheduling method best than the reability function .
يهدف هذا البحث إلي معرفة معنى اللغة وتجلياتها في نتاجات الاديب الإسرائيلي الأكثر جدلا في القرن العشرين، إلا وهو الاديب "موشيه سيملانسكي". فقد طغت صورة العربي في الكثير من أعماله الأدبية وتبوات مكانا واضحا، وكانت النظرة تجاهه، نظرة واضحة أيضا، فصورته لم تتغير بتغير الظروف والاتفاقيات، بشكل يتناسب وهذه الظروف، وإنما بقيت تراوح مكانها، ولم تتبدل بنظرة احترام على الأقل، بل على العكس من ذلك، فهناك بعض المطالبات
... Show Moreهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على اثر استراتيجية الياءات الخمس في التميه مهارة الاشغال المعدنية ، وتبلورت مشكلة البحث عن السؤال الاتي هل يوجد دور لاستراتيجية الياءات الخمس في تنمية مهارة الاشغال المعدنية لدى طلبة كلية التربية الاساسية ، عينة البحث شملت 60 طالب، اما الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها البحث - تسهم استراتيجية في زيادة الدافعية نحو التعلم , لما توفره فيه من الجو التفاعلي الذي كسر الجمود مما انعكس ايجابياً
... Show MoreThe message of the Kurdish tag tagged with(Mada alfay fi taqrir lays kamithlih shay) one of his most prominent scientific messages in the door of faith, especially in the matter of the unification of the divine self and its distancing from all analogies and representations and the importance of this message historically, due to its documentation of a stage in the development of Islamic speech thought, where the logical method was taken over the minds of the intellectuals of Islam, including the kurani, whether it is in understanding the quranic and modern meaning or as a way of convincing me towards the opponent.
The Kurd was able to use logical concepts to marginalize the difference between grammarians and interprete
... Show Moreالنحت العربي في جنوب شبه الجزيرة العربية (اليمن) قبل الاسلام
أن للتطرف العنيف أسباب متنوعة تقف وراء ظهوره وتمدده في دول العالم المختلفة على نطاق واسع، إذ إن لكل بيئة ظروفها وخصوصياتها الكلية والفرعية التي تسهم في تعزيز القدرة التأثيرية للسلوكيات العنفية في إطار مجتمع ما، لاسيما إذا علمنا إن التطرف العنيف المؤدي الى الإرهاب كسلوكيات عنفية متطرفة مدمرة للبناء المجتمعي ما كان ليستمر لولا وجود بيئة حاضنة وظروف تساعد في انتشاره واستمرارية قدراته التأثيرية في البناء السي
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