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Impoliteness Formulas, Triggers, and Purposes to Refusal as Employed by Iraqi English Learners
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The present study aims at scrutinizing the impoliteness types, causes, and purposes utilized by Iraqi English language learners when refusing marriage proposals. Thus, it attempts to answer the questions: (1) what are the impoliteness formulas used by the Iraqi learners of English in refusing marriage proposals?, and (2) What are their impoliteness triggers/causes and the purposes? The study is significant in bridging the gap that few linguistic types of research concentrate on studying intentionality and emotions allied with impoliteness. Data were collected from 35 Iraqi learners of English responding to 6 situations of marriage. The data were analyzed using Culpeper’s (2011) formulas of impoliteness and Bousfield’s (2007) impoliteness triggers and intentions. The findings revealed that the most regular impoliteness formulas were insults and pointed criticisms/complaints. Regarding impoliteness triggers, the Iraqi learners’ responses reflected anger and disapproval as the most common triggers of impoliteness. Lastly, impoliteness was utilized as an instrument of insulting, quipping, and showing grudge when refusing the marriage situations; however, some impoliteness occurred as a counseling technique. The study concludes with some recommendations for future works.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Al- Mohtaref Journal
Impact of The Use of Electronic Concept Mapping Strategy in Learning and Retaining Some of The Skills of The Ground-Moving Carpet in Women's Artistic Gymnastics
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The study aimed to identify the use of the electronic concept maps method in learning some of the skills of the floor exercises in the artistic gymnastics for third graders ,as well as to identify the best group between the two research groups (experimental And the officer to learn and retain some of the skills of the floor exercises in the artistic gymnastics of the research subject , and the experimental method was used and included the sample research on students of the collage of Physical Education and Sports Sciences/University of Baghdad, third grade, and has selected (10) Students for each group of The experimental and controlling groups randomly by lottery and after the completion of the period of implementation of the experiment wh

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 05 2004
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The evaluate of usage educational method for jump shooting and it effect on speed strength in basketball for specialized students in College Sport of Dayla University
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The research aim to the usage educational method for jump shooting and it effect on speed strength in basketball for the specialist students in College Sport of Dayla University, which used the following statistic treatment (The T.test for compatible specimens), so after statistic treatment which appears theres a tow moral differences in speed strength and jump shooting tests results to (legs & arms) for the before and after tests, and after that the conclusions we positive and the second the special drills effect immaterial speed strength to legs and arms, so the tow researches recommended to looking after the best for educational methods that used in our sport colleges in Iraq.

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Molecular Structure
Synthesis, spectral studies, DFT, biological evaluation, molecular docking and dyeing performance of 1-(4-((2-amino-5-methoxy)diazenyl)phenyl) ethanone complexes with some metallic ions
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Materials Research Bulletin
Understanding the impacts of Al+3-substitutions on the enhancement of magnetic, dielectric and electrical behaviors of ceramic processed nickel-zinc mixed ferrites: FTIR assisted studies
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Publication Date
Mon Sep 08 2025
Journal Name
Retos
The effect of mental training for sensory perceptions of skill performance in some indicators of electrical activity and the special physical abilities of young pole vaulters
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Objective: The aim of the research is to prepare skilled mental exercises according to spatial and temporal perceptions and the awareness of the strength of young pole-vaulters, and to recognize the impact of these exercises on improving the indicators of electrical activity of working muscles and some special physical abilities and accomplishing this effectiveness Research methodology: The researcher used the experimental curriculum (one experimental group), and included the sample of research on (5) two joint jumpers in the Iraqi club championship, all from the center of talent in athletics, the sample is trained on the same curriculum prepared by the coach himself but accompanied by a mental training approach that Prepared by the

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Environmental Science And Development
Estimation of the Concentrations of Some Pollutants Resulting from the Use of Arabian Bakhour and Their Effect in Patients with Asthma in the City of Baghdad
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This research focus on studying 3 types of Bakhour in the markets of Baghdad city and assessing their impact on the quality of life for asthmatic whom used Bakhour at their houses through investigating particles physical properties, also estimating the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn), Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10, Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) and formaldehyde (HCHO). The quality of life for asthmatic patients whom use Bakhour was assessing by Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. The results indicated that shapes of Bakhour particles were irregular or spherical. Burning process generated the higher percent of PM ˂1μm. Type 2 Bakhour showed the highest percent of <1μm which was 73%.The amount of

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The cognitive complexity of the leaders and their impact on the organizational flexibility of field research at the company's headquarters for the distribution of petroleum products
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The present research aims to test the effect of cognitive complexity as an independent variable in organizational agility as a responsive variable among the leaders working at the headquarters of the Iraqi Petroleum Products Distribution Company.

 To conclude a number of recommendations that contribute in the organizational agility in the company, and due to the importance of this research in public organizations and its notable role in community organizations. The research was carried out on a random sample of 101 individuals out of a total of 308, which represents the high leaders in the company (general managers, head of departments, and division officials). A questionnaire was used as information

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
A Comparative Study between Computer Textbooks Content in the Secondary Stage and Computer Textbooks Content in the University Stage in Colleges of Education at Baghdad University
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Record, verify, and showcase your peer review contributions in a format you can include in job and funding applications (without breaking reviewer anonymity).

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Psychology And Education
The effect of Daniel's model on the development of critical thinking in the subject of Arabic language among students of the College of Management and Economics
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This research aims to identify the impact of Daniel's model on the development of critical thinking. In order to achieve this objective, the following hypotheses are formulated: 1. There is no statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05) between the average differences in the posttest scores of the experimental group taught according to Daniel's model and the control group taught according to the traditional method in the measure of critical thinking. 2. There is no statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05) between the average differences in the preand post-tests scores of the experimental group taught according to Daniel's model in the measure of critical thinking. The current research i

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 09 2025
Journal Name
Al-fatih Journal
The impact of training on the sand development in the carrying(Speed &amp;#8203;&amp;#8203;and power performance) BalambarzhEmpirical researchOn the young players Basra Balambarzh
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تعد المبارزة أحد الألعاب الرياضية التي يتأثر فيها الأداء بتطور القدرات الخاصة بالأداء ومنها تحمل (سرعة وقوة الأداء ),وأن أكثر الأساليب السابقة في تدريب تطوير تحمل(سرعة وقوة الأداء) بالمبارزة تكون على ارض صلبة مثل الخشب والألمنيوم آو الإسفلت وفي بعض القاعات يكون التارتان, وظل هذا الأسلوب لفترات طويلة في العراق ،حيث تستخدم تدريبات الإثقال التي تعمل على تنمية تحمل القوة . أما في الوقت الحاضر فقد ظهر اتجاه حديث في

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