.تبرز أهمية هذا البحث في استخدام التمرينات الرياضية؛ لرفع مستوى اللياقة العضلية الهيكلية لمنتسبي الجامعة الذين تتطلب اعمالهم استخدام الكمبيوتر لفترات طويلة نسبياُ ؛ للحفاظ على صحتهم والاستفادة القصوى من قدراتهم العقلية ومنحهم الشعور الجيد بالحيوية والطاقة ، وقد لاحظ الباحثان من خلال متابعة تردد منتسبي الجامعة لقاعة اللياقة البدنية مشكلة البحث متمثلة بوجود تدني واضح لحالة الافراد الصحية الذين يعانون

 جاءت اهمية البحث في التعرف على فاعلية مساهمة بعض المتغيرات البيوكنماتكية باداء مهارة الضرب الساحق الخلفي .ونظرا لقلة المعلومات الميكانكية لمهارة الضرب الساحق وفاعلية مساهمتها دفع الباحث الى دراسة هذا الموضوع لمعرفة فاعلية واختلاف مساهمة المتغيرات البايوكنماتكية لمراحل الاداء المهاري .لذا هدف البحث للتعرف على مراحل الضرب الساحق الخلفي و علاقته بالمتغيرات البايوكنماتكية و نسبة مساهمة هذه المتغيرات ب

 . اشتمل البحث على خمس أبواب وهي على النحو التالي : الباب الأول ( التعريف بالبحث ) : اشتمل هذا الباب على مقدمة البحث و أهميته . إذ تطرق الحديث عن الرياضة اليمنية عامة والعاب القوى بصورة خاصة لكونها حديثة العهد في اليمن وإنها بدأت بعد ثورة سبتمبر وإقرار النظام الجمهوري حيث تم ممارستها في المدارس و الأندية والاتحادات الرياضية والعسكرية خلال السبعينات من القرن الماضي . وعن أهمية البحث تطرق الباحثان إلى عدم وجود

         The present study aimed to develop two measurement scales—one for leadership vigilance and another for the implementation of functional tasks—in the context of managing local volleyball championships. It further sought to assess the levels of these two variables from the perspective of administrators, and to examine the contribution and effect of leadership vigilance on task execution. The descriptive correlational method was employed in line with the nature of the research problem. The study population comprised 141 administrators of local volleyball championships during the 2024/2025 sports season, all of whom were deliberately included (100%) through comprehensive enumeration and divided into three subsamples acco

The research aimed to prepare educational units according to the Appleton model for teaching the long jump skill to first-stage students and to identify its impact on learning. The researcher adopted the experimental method with two equal groups (experimental and control) using pre- and post-tests. The population consisted of 115 first-stage students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, College of Basic Education, Al-Mustansiriya University, for the academic year 2023–2024, distributed across six divisions (A–F). By lottery, two divisions were selected: Division (B) as the experimental group and Division (E) as the control group, with 25 students each (total 50, representing 43.47% of the population). The expe

            Human behavior is one of the topics that has captured the attention of researchers throughout the ages, and motivation is one of the manifestations of this behavior, which indicates the extent of interest in a particular topic and their unwillingness to rush towards a particular topic. The topic of motivation is one of the important topics of interest to the teacher and coach in the field of sports. The aim of this research was identifying the level of motivation for junior students, and the differences in the dimensions of motivation for junior students in squash lessons. We used the descriptive survey method, and the research sample was chosen randomly. Only male of the junior students in the College of Physical

The importance of the study lies in highlighting the role of smartwatches as a modern tool for analyzing training load based on functional indicators, such as heart rate and calorie consumption. This allows coaches to monitor individual players’ responses during different training periods, helping to improve physical performance efficiency and reduce the risk of overload-induced fatigue. The study aimed to analyze calorie consumption at different heart rate levels between the special preparation and competition periods for youth football players, with the goal of determining the effect of physiological adaptation on energy efficiency. To achieve this objective, the researcher adopted the descriptive method due to its suitability for th

            This study aims to identify the professional challenges faced by physical education teachers in completing their teaching assignments (sports education lessons) due to the inclusion of other academic subjects in schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Nineveh. The researchers adopted a descriptive methodology, covering a research sample of 317 male and female physical education teachers in Nineveh’s schools. Appropriate scientific procedures and statistical methods were employed. The findings indicate that physical education teachers are highly aware of the significance of the professional challenges they face, showing closely related arithmetic averages. The professional challenges identi

The aim of the research is to identify the effect of using static and dynamic balance exercises in developing some technical gymnastics skills for female students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The research community consisted of second-year female students, while the research sample was chosen intentionally, and they are Section (B), numbering 20, female students, who were distributed into two groups (experimental - control), with 10 female students for each group. The researcher used the experimental method with a design of the experimental and control groups with pre- and post-tests, after applying the exercise components in the main experiment with 20 training units that lasted for 10 weeks. The results sho

            The arm plays a crucial role in the freestyle swimming stroke, especially during the propulsion phase, contributing significantly to efficient movement and limb coordination. However, many learners, particularly female students at the College of Physical Education and Sport Science at Baghdad University, face difficulties mastering this skill. Traditional training methods lack immediate feedback on arm force balance and quality, limiting opportunities for simultaneous motor learning and technical improvement. To address this, a new swimming aid was developed to quantitatively measure palm pressure during swimming movements. The device includes sensors on both hands, a data processing unit, and a real-time force coo

            The research aimed to streamline the process for sports clubs in identifying and contracting professional players, focusing on the key quantitative determinants in the players’ transfer market to assess their technical and commercial value. Additionally, it sought to achieve financial returns for the National Federation through the management of market access and the imposition of participation fees. The researchers employed a descriptive-analytical approach with correlational analysis to examine real-world data and identify relationships among variables, addressing the research objectives and questions. The study population comprised employees of the Iraqi Football Association involved in managing the Iraqi Star

The research aimed to evaluate the physical condition of the Al-Talaba Club players in (16) matches in the Iraqi Premier League for football using the (PLAYERTEKTEAM) device, which works with global positioning technology, and to find out if there is an increase or decrease in the physical condition, or the physical performance of the players in the matches. High level, medium level, or lower, at the beginning of the second stage, and at the end of the league, The researcher concluded that there are significant differences in the variables of distance, speed distance, power plays, number of accelerations, deceleration and player load in high-level matches compared to low- or medium-level matches and in favor of high-level matches. There

Countries around the world have directed all their resources, expertise, and sciences towards achieving advanced levels in various sports. The aim of sports training is to prepare players well and the research aims to develop flexibility exercises using the Ki-Hara method for handball players. The research aims to identify the impact of Ki-Hara flexibility training on specific physical abilities of the Al-Karkh Second Education Directorate handball team players. Identifying the impact of Ki-Hara flexibility training on the performance of basic handball skills. The researcher used the experimental method with pre-test and post-test for a single group, and the research sample included 14 players aged 14-17 years. Physical and skill tests w

To perform any physical effort, any body needs a lot of energy sources, including carbohydrates, fats, or chemical sources that vary in rates depending on the nature of the activity performed. Therefore, hormones play an important role in regulating the body’s functions during physical effort. The hormone triiodothyronine is one of the hormones that work to increase the level of activities of the necessary body systems The problem of the research lies in identifying more information about the effect of anaerobic effort on the hormone triiodothyronine in some basketball players in order to benefit from it and take it into consideration during the training planning process. The research aims to identify the effect of anaerobic effort on

This study aimed to identify the effect of nutritional supplements and rehabilitative exercises on the functional recovery of advanced bodybuilding players with anterior deltoid injuries. The experimental method was applied to two groups of eight injured athletes from the Baghdad/Al-Rusafa Gym. The first group performed rehabilitative exercises, while the second group combined them with nutritional supplements. Functional competence was assessed through measurements of muscle strength and range of motion using a dynamometer. The results showed significant improvement in both groups, with the combined program producing greater recovery. The study concluded that integrating nutritional supplements with rehabilitation exercises effectively