The research aims to determine the requirements for effective governance in agricultural extension in Iraq, and to achieve goal search returned questionnaire in light of previous literature and studies related to the subject and the opinions of specialized experts and their approval thereof, which consists of (38) paragraphs distributed over (3) areas, namely: Administrative and organizational requirements. and Human requirements and Material and financial requirements. The research community included all the governorates of adult Iraq their number is (15) governorates with the exception of the governorates of the Kurdistan region Random sample of (50%) was drawn

    In this experimental study, various tests were conducted on the thickness, imbibition, roughness, and microstructure of cardboard containing perfluorinated compounds for some boxes of crispy chicken, french fries, and ice cream commonly used in Baghdad Governorate, to study the effect of crispy chicken and french fries for a period of time (10, 20, 30) minutes and ice cream. (15,30,45) days on some of its properties, and the results revealed that the thickness and percentage of imbibition increased directly with increasing experiment duration at all temperatures studied. The lowest values were reported in 10 minutes for boxes of crispy chicken, French fries boxes, and 15 days for ice cream boxes. The thickness

          The study aimed to determine the effect of alcoholic extract of the wormwood plan )Artemisia -herba -alba) extract on some physical and sensory characteristics of minced chicken meat kofta and the extent of the shelf life of chicken meat during periods of cold storage and to compare it with imported commercial artemisinin. Concentrations of (2, 3, 4) mg/g Alcoholic extract of wormwood and commercial artemisinin for minced chicken meat samples samples were added to minced chicken meat. Microbial tests were conducted on the meat before cooking and during storage periods. After cooking, physical and sensory tests were conducted on the product. T

             This research was aimed to isolate and diagnose Aspergillus species from this -infected animals collected. From several Baghdad areas, Fifty samples were taken from animals with respiratory illnesses. Molds were isolated and identified using conventional methods (fungal culture on Czapek-Dox agar incubated at 37°C for 3–7 days, then macroscopic, microscopic examination of the colony with lactophenol cotton blue stain) and molecular methods (PCR for identification).  Partial ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from different Aspergillus strains was aligned to find the optimum primers for gene and species identification. A PCR appro

Ten Cultivrs of Arabian date palms were selected from palm stations affiliated to Ministry of Agriculture. The study included 14 phenotypic indicators, such as trunk, leaves, and fruit traits.  The trait of Shoot tip shape  was distinguished by giving the highest value for the genetic diversity index Plymorphism information content (PIC), which amounted to About 0.642, while the lowest value for genetic diversity index PIC was for Fruit stalk color  and the Khalal test, which amounted to 0.268.The results of the genetic dimension analysis, using the Euclidean guide, showed that the highest Euclidean dimension among the varieties was between the Sultani and Khalas varieties, which amounted to 0.66071, while the lowe

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of substituting wheat flour with rice flour and fortifying it with varying concentrations of dextran in the mixtures utilized for biscuit production. Additionally, the study aims to examine the flakiness and qualitative features of the resulting biscuits. The findings indicated that there was a positive correlation between the percentage of dextran and the diffusion coefficient of the biscuits. Specifically, the diffusion coefficient increased as the percentage of dextran increased. For instance, the diffusion coefficient reached 10.8 cm when the biscuits were treated with a 3.5% replacement of dextran, and it further increased to 12.8 cm when the biscuits were treated with

The research aimed to identify the most important reasons related to the limited use of information and communications technology in agricultural extension work in Iraq. To achieve the research goal, the questionnaire was prepared as a tool for collecting data. It consisted of (56) items distributed over 5 axes: (Organizational and administrative reasons, financing reasons, human reasons, material and programming reasons, technical reasons). The research community included the governorates of Iraq, except for the governorates of the Kurdistan region, which number 15 governorates. A random sample was taken at a rate of 50% and by 8 Governorates (Kirkuk, Baghdad, Anbar, Basra, Dhi Qar, Babel, Karbala, Najaf). A proportional, strati

The experiment was carried out in southwest Baghdad- the Radwaniyah region  during  fall season 2021 and spring season 2022 that aimed to study the effect of biological inoculation, and phosphate fertilization and spraying with Brassinolide on the growth, productivity and quality of industrial potato (Arsenal cultivar), the experiment carried out as a three factors (4×3×3) in the order of split plot within the design of Randomized complete block design (RCBD), the biological factor was distributed into main plots and interaction between phosphorus levels and the growth regulator Brassinolide within sub plots using three replicates, Bio-fertilizers inc

             A laboratory experiment was carried out in the Seed Technology Laboratory of the Field Crops Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad- Al-Jadriyah, aiming to study the effect of planting dates and spraying with kinetin and the interaction between them on the vitality and vigor parameters of the resulting (stevia rebaudina) plant seeds. The experiment was implemented according to the completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications comprising two factors. The first factor represented the dates of planting seedlings, as it included three spring dates: February 15, March 1, and March 15,. The second fa

The experiment was conducted in one of lath houses of Fruit Section belong to Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Research Station (B) for 2022 season to study effect of spraying with the growth regulator melatonin, potassium, and zinc on the growth of 3-year-old kumquat saplings Budded on lemon rootstock. A factorial experiment consisting of three factors with three replicates was conducted, using the Randomized Complete Block Design

(RCBD) experimental design. The factors were foliar spraying with melatonin, potassium sulfate, and organic zinc. The addition was made at two times: spring and autumn. The results were as

This study was conducted to determine the saliva levels of lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin between children who do not suffer from tooth decay and those who have early childhood caries. Eighty healthy children of kindergarten age (aged between 4-5 years) were enrolled in this study, according to the World Health Organization, in the city of Baghdad. An oral examination was performed and 40 kindergarten children were suffering from severe caries, which was detected. According to Wyne classification, it was considered a (study group), while 40 caries-free kindergarten children were considered a (control group) that matched by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Salivary lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin levels were assessed using an

The experiment was carried out in 2023 season in one of date palm orchard of Barhi cultivar cultivated at Dawar palm station belong to Ministry of Agriculture / Horticultural Department, to study effect of two pollinator cultivar and decomposed organic fertilizer on yield and leaves mineral content of date palms of 7-year-old cultivar Barhi, as 54 are selected. A palm tree of uniform height and age, as far as possible, free of disease and insect infestations, Factors of study experiment included addition of two pollinator cultivar, Ghanaami Akhdar (P₁), and local cultivar (P₂), while pollinations number was three times; once (N₁), Two pollinations (2 days after first pollination) (N₂)&n

Marketing are not just for business specialists alone, but rather it touches the life of every human being, as each of us is a member of the marketing movement.  Most importantly, marketing medicines due to their importance in the health aspect. Our research aims to manufacture pharmaceuticals derived from ciprofloxacin locally and also improvement from antibiotic on the marktes, rather than relying on imports from outside Iraq. Undoubtedly, this initiative has the potential to benefit individuals and the community both economically and qualitatively. Among the key advantages of these derivatives is their effectiveness in treating urinary tract infections and certain fungal infections. The primary goal is to support individu

The advancement of science and technology in recent years has led to heavy and diversified production and thus market congestion in various goods and services; which led to an increase of competition among advertisers in order to meet the needs and wishes and to upgrade to the level of consumers. These upgrades have imposed an increase in the usage of the promotions, including advertising in terms of quantity and quality, to influence and persuade customers innovatively and creatively using all available mass media.

The research aims to identify the attitudes of residents of poor areas towards television advertisements for medicines, and the impact of those advertisements on them in terms of making purch

Water samples were collected from output of water for Al-Wahda plant where located in al-karrada area in Baghdad city to study water contamination with bacteria, fungi and Algae. The study lasted one year started on August, 2016 to July,2017.Results were acquired according to two tests performed, the first is biological test included total coliform,E.coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, total fungi, Diatom and non Diatom Algae and the second is physiochemical test included temperature, turbidity and residual chlorine. The results of bacteria were within the permitted specification in the Iraqi standards no. 14/2270 for the year 2015 except August was exceeded the permitted standard for total coliform, it was 1.1< cell/100 ml.Total Fungi, Dia

Some types of the fungus Aspergillus were isolated from some hospitals in the city of Baghdad (Imam Ali Hospital and Sadr General Hospital). The samples were taken by Transport media at a rate of three replicates of each place isolated from samples from different places within the hospital (waste, baths, the sick beds, corridors and room floors) for the purpose of isolating and diagnosing the fungus on the Czapeck Dox Agar media. It was noticed that the spread rate of fungus Aspergillus was 70% compared to other species that have emerged during the isolation process of the Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar media. The species A.niger (56.25%) was considered the most common type of fungus visible during the isolation process of the Imam Ali Hospit

the study aimed to identify the impact of the types of cooking utensils in transition metal elements to food and the effect of acid and storage in the concentration of these elements. used five types of cooking utensils including aluminum. tefal, astainls steel, glass. (pyrex), and ceramic prepared in it the food meal. the same meals were repeated add to them acid. the estimate of mineral elements in the meal prepared before storage and after storage in refrigerator temperature degree. the result shows the increase of aluminum concentration in the meals that prepared in aluminum pot reaching 2.913 pmm while reached less concentration in the meal prepared in astainls pot reaching 0.325 pmm. the highest concentration of iron reached 25.2 p

ABSTRACT

Naproxen(NPX) imprinted liquid electrodes of polymers are built using polymerization precipitation. The molecularly imprinted (MIP) and non imprinted (NIP) polymers were synthesized using NPX as a template. In the polymerization precipitation involved, styrene(STY) was used as monomer, N,N-methylenediacrylamide (N,N-MDAM) as a cross-linker and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. The molecularly imprinted membranes and the non-imprinted membranes were prepared using acetophenone(AOPH) and di octylphathalate(DOP)as plasticizers in PVC matrix. The slopes and detection limits of the liquid electrodes ranged from)-18.1,-17.72 (mV/decade and )4.0 x 10^-

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of exposing the stages of the Tribolium castaneum beetle to microwaves at power levels of 540, 810, and 1080 watts and exposure times of 60, 90, and 120 seconds. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that there were significant differences between the effects of power levels and exposure times in the third and fifth instar larvae, but not in treatment of pupae and adults. The mortality rates increase with higher energy levels and exposure durations. The highest mortality rate was reached at an energy level of 1080 watts and an exposure duration of 120 seconds in both third instar larvae, fifth instar larvae, pupae, and adults, reaching 100% mortality for t

The flavonoid resveratrol was extracted  from grape juice residue by boiling water and Crystalized the extract and resveratrol crystals obtained from it have  an effect in the growth of some bacteria that transmit diseases through Food the resveratrol crystals(RC) superiority on the extract in inhibiting the growth of gram positive bacteria B. subtilis and S. aureus excepting B.cereus with inhibition diameter rate( 32,31.5 and 27.5)mm for crystals and 28,26 and 38.5)mm for aqueous extract (AE) respectively, gram negative bacteria were more sensitive to the extract than RC with diameter (28.5 and 14.5)mm for E.coli o157:H7 and for S.typhimurium

The extracted oil from the Chia seeds white and black were used in the manufacture of certain foods such as mayonnaise. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that the product was acceptable except for the flavor of white chia seed oil. The seeds were fully used in the manufacture of the nutella. The results of the sensory evaluation were encouraging the use of the extracted oil from the black chia seeds in the production of the nutella except the spread property. Chia seeds were also used in the manufacture of pudding. The results of the sensory evaluation showed an excellent and acceptable product of black chia seeds oil can be obtained, while the white seeds did not receive the acceptance in terms of color and flavor.

 استهدفت هذه الدراسة جمع 20 عينة من فاكهة الفراولة المستوردة من تركيا ومصر وبعدد عشر عينات  لكل منها المنتشرة في الأسواق المحلية لمدينة بغداد وخلال الفترة من تشرين الاول 2022 إلى تشرين الثاني لنفس العام. اظهرت نتائج الفحوصات التقليدية احتواء العينات على فطر Botrytis spp. وبعدد خمسة عشر, ولتاكيد عائديه هذه العزلات الى فطر Botrytis cinerea تحديدا تم الاستع

Tonsillitis is an infection or inflammation of the tonsils. Tonsillitis classified as acute, chronic (recurrent) and complication. Most often it is caused by a virus, but it may also be caused by the same bacteria that cause strep throat. According to numbers that data shows, the virus is more common, about 77.49% than bacterial which about 71.45% then fungal about 9.6%. The principal symptom of tonsillitis is a sore throat fever, swollen lymph nodes, nasal congestion, difficulty in swallowing and headache may also occur, according to if  symptoms of tonsillitis are known or not, data show that they know about (119 of people) (79.3) this result is greater than unknown which was about 31 (20.7).

The rapid developmemt of information technology and its use in all fields has a bositive influence on all fields , and financial markets have a share of this development through the use of an electronic trading system to settle transactions and enhance transparency and disclosure in all activities of these markets and stimulate their performance .

It is worth nothing that these revolutions remove the necessity for nonstop connection with persons through the internet or phone networks , novel knowledge decreases the charges of structure original transaction system and reducing the fences of new participants entry .

The development in transportations expertise allows for quicker or

Activity test of the inhibitors purified from barley and broad beans crop proved the inhibition activity against 6 types of rots Pencillium ssp and Aspergellusflavus and Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani and Fusarium semitectum and Mucor with three concentrations 0.1 and 0.2 and 0.3 mg/ml, where the inhibitor purified from the second peak of broad beans proved that it had a higher inhibition activity against the growth of test rots which were 53.75 and 62.5 and 78.5 and 76.25 and 84 and 18.8% respectively, at 0.3 mg/ ml followed by the first peak of the inhibitor purified from broad beans the inhibition activity were 43.75 and 50 and 62.96 and 75 and 80 and 12.5 then the inhibitor purified from barley in which the inhibition activity

Research Hypothesis from the fact that kicks off the effect that agricultural production in Iraq plays an important role in overcoming the food problem and achieving food security, but he became far far away from the provision of sufficient quantities of food products and then securing the Iraqi consumer food basket by the challenges faced by the agricultural sector.
To prove the hypothesis research in its structure in three axes came, the first axis eating historical significance to the subject of food over time periods as well as to clarify the concept of food security, and the second axis touched on the most important challenges facing the agricultural sector in Iraq and prevent the achievement of food requirements for members of

أجريت هذه الدراسة لغرض تقييم تأثير النيسين وسوربات البوتاسيوم ولاكتات الصوديوم في أكسدة الدهون وبعض الخصائص النوعية والميكروبية للحم البقر المفروم المبرد المخزن عند درجة حرارة 4 م لمدة 0، 4، 8 و 12 يوم، اذ سجلت المعاملات التي اضيف اليها النيسين وسوربات البوتاسيوم ولاكتات الصوديوم زيادة معنوية (P<0.05) في الاس الهيدروجيني وانخفاضاً معنوياً (P<0.05) في تركيز النيتروجين ال

The research deals with the concept of rationalization of consumption, which is legitimately legitimized, by indicating the permissibility of consumption and its limits in Islam, the legitimate aspects of spending and its controls, and the concept of development in the Islamic economy. The researcher followed the descriptive method by presenting the legal texts and jurisprudential opinions and linking them to contemporary economic problems.The research has reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that the goal of Islam in relation to consumption is to inform the Muslim of the amount of economic maturity, and the truth of alms is good in money and religion. It is necessary for achieving maturity that both means

Success in selecting the best among the sources of supply is one of the most important factors in the efficiency of the procurement activity in the company, because the proper selection of the source of the supply significantly affect the achievement of what is desired by the factors of quality, quantity, price and service, and the ability of the competent supplier to meet everything associated with this Factors of commitments, hereby supporting the procurement function's efforts to fully discharge its responsibilities, and in view of adopting of Al-Furat company quality management system by applying the standards of ISO (9001: 2015) and purpose of getting the on-demand benefits from the application of international standards reg

هدف البحث الى التعرف على المشكلات التي تواجه مقدمي الخدمة الارشادية الزراعية لمواجهة اثار التغيرات المناخية , شمل مجتمع البحث جميع العاملين في تقديم الخدمة الارشادية الزراعية في محافظة بغداد والموزعين على قسم زراعة بغداد الكرخ والشعب الزراعية التابعة لها ودائرة الارشاد والتدريب الزراعي في محافظة بغداد والبالغ عددهم (110) فرداً ، اخذت جميع افراد المجتمع كعينة للبحث لقلة عددهم . لتحقيق اهداف البحث اعدت ا