The purpose of this study was to obtain additional information regarding
the effectiveness of Enrofloxacin (Baytril®) against artificially induced
infection of S. london in chickens.
One hundred and sixty one day old chicks of mixed sex were divided
equally into two groups A (treated group) and B (control, infected non-treated
group). Chicks were reared on separated rooms on wood shavings litter, and
given water and irradiated feed continuously for 55 days. All chickens were
infected at 3 days with 4×105 S. london/ml in drinking water. The administration
of salmonella was followed by intestinal colonization, detected by isolation of
salmonella from cloacal swabs, caecal contents and quantitative numeration pe

This study was conducted to evaluate the Effect of time of using feed
blocks (FB) as supplementary feed on the weight changes and reproductive
performance of Awassi yearling ewes depend on crop residues as basal diet. .
Sixty Awassi yearling ewes (mean live weight 39.51 kg) aged 12-13 months
were allocated into four groups according to their live weight. First group (T1)
fed conventional diet (barley grains + straw). The second group (T2) fed
conventional diet plus FB during pre and post mating. The third group (T3) fed
conventional diet plus FB during pre and mating. The fourth group (T4) fed
conventional diet plus FB during post mating. The results of this experiment
showed that using FB as supplementary feed

Forty females albino rats divided into four groups, three of them (T1, T2,
T3) dosed orally with 10000 IU Vitamin A according to different gestation
periods while the fourth group dosed with distilled water and considered as
control (C). Statistical changes in the weight of different treated groups organs
were observed specially in the T3 group that represent period of major organofunctional
development and minor organogensis. Also the histopathological
study revealed sever liver necrosis and sever pulmonary hyperplasia in T1
group. Also there was subcutaneous abdominal tumor (fibroma) noticed in one
female of T2 group. We concluded from our results that high dose of vitamin A
may cause cellular, histological a

This study represent a new process for dehydration of the histological
specimen that knowledge and used in the laboratory study . Technical and
medical research will be set up a completely great scientific and to addition of
this to make an experiment , to a shortness the time and the material cost that is
used in the different stage of dehydration and these for the soft tissue ( only ) .

This study aimed the effect of adding 0.5 and 1 kg of imported probiotic
/ton feed (T1 and T2) compared with the a percentages of 1.5, 3 kg locally
probiotic / ton (T3 and T4) when as T5 used feed free of probiotic .500 dayold
chicks were distributed into five treatments and subdivided into two replicates
(50 chicks per replicate) to study the effect of adding the two probiotics in the
microbial balance of broiler gasto-intestinal tract .The results obtained revealed
the following:-
Adding percentages of locally or imported probiotic (T1, T2, T3 andT4)
decreased significantly (P<0.01) log no.of Coliform count and fungi count at
mid point of intestine (Jejunum), crop and cecum of broiler, at the same time

Hydatid cysts infection rate was 13.56% in buffaloes, slaughtered at Al-
Diwania abbatoir, Al-Qaddisia province,Iraq, during the time period from July,
2000 to June, 2001.The only infected animals were the females, and the higher rate
of infection was found in those aged buffaloes. Lungs,livers, livers and lungs were
infected with 50%, 37.5% and 12.5%, respectively. The total rate of hydatid cysts
fertility was 53.85%, and the sterile, caseated and calcified cysts were 23.08%, 11,
54% and 11.5%, respectively. The mean total rate of viability of protoscoleces was
73.91%, and that of livers and lungs protoscoleces were 82.62% and 70.60%.
Results denoted that the numbers of protoscoleces was increased proportionally<

This study aimed to recognize the different effects of administration of sodium tungstate in developmental indices of the offspring till weaning. Four groups of Albino Wistar pregnant female rats were used, the first one was control while the remaining three groups intubated with Na- tungstate 75, 150 and 300 mg/ kg/ day respectively since the first day of parturition throughout 21 days. Results referred to an elevation in weight gain of rat dams treated with 75 mg/ kg while weight gain of offspring elevated in both doses of 75 and 300 mg/ kg throughout 21 days, teeth and eye orifice were observed in doses of 75 and 300 mg/ kg faster than control while the mean of ovary weight elevated in both 75 and 300 mg/ kg however the dose 300 mg/ k

The study was designed for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus from raw milk of cows at different regions of salah al-din province. A total number of 109 samples were collected form October (2010) to May (2011). The result of study showed that the number of isolates were (14) from (60) positive samples (82.22%). Antibiotic susceptibility test showed different results for susceptibility according to types of antibiotics that used in this study which include the followings: Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Cefoxetine, Methcillin, Ciprofloxacin, Clavulinic acid and Erythromycin. The results showed that 50% of the isolates were susceptible for Methecillin, Cefoxetine, and Clavulanic acid-Amoxycillin), While Erythromycin was active against (79%) of th

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding different levels of rocket salad seeds powder to the diet on seminal plasma traits of roosters subjected to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. A total of 60 Hy – line laying breeder roosters 57 weeks old were used in this study. Roosters were randomly distributed into 5 treatments with 3 replicates each. Each replicate constituted of 4 roosters (12 roosters for each treatment). Experimental treatments were as following: T1: Males fed control diet and normal water, T2: Males fed diet supplemented with 3 gm rocket salad powder / kg of diet + 0.25 ml hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) / litter of water, T3: Males fed diet supplemented with 3 gm rocket salad powder / kg of diet +

This experiment were conducted to compare the effect of aqueous leaves extract of Melia azedarach and Anastatica hierochuntic with the antibiotic (Enrofloxaccin) for 49 days, 270 chicks one day old (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 3 replicates per treatment and 15 chicks per replicate (45 chicks/treatment). The first treatment were the control, antibiotic (enrofloxaccin) were used in the second treatment at rate of 0.5 ml per liter of tap water, in the 3rd and 4th treatment the aqueous leaves extract of Anastatica hierochuntic were used at rate of 10 and 15 mg/L respectively, and in the 5th and 6th treatment the aqueous leaves extract of Melia azedarach were used at rate of 10 and 15 mg / ml resp. At the end of

The aim of this experiment is to study the effect of antithyroid agent (propylthiouracil) (PTU) on some physiological parameters in domestic chicks. 36 local one 4 week of age day old chicks were used .chicks were distributed randomly in to three groups: (control group) fed on standard diet , while 2nd and 3rd groups were fed diet contain 0.01 and 0.1℅ of antithyroid agent propylthiouracil (PTU) respectively from 1-25 days of age . blood sample were taken from jugular vein at the end of the 4th week in order to study the effect of PTU treatment on blood picture .result revealed that PTU treatment in group treated with 0.1℅ PTU compared with control group significantly increased in red blood cell count ,Heterophils ,basophiles percent

It has been reported that coronary vasodilator reserve (CVDR) is reduced at the age

This experiment aimed to investigate changes, in the structural-functional aspects of the pineal and pituitary glands as well as the ovary and uterus, that might associate with trypanosomiasis induced by T. evansi in female rabbit. The ovarian and uterine response to the luteinizing hormone-like activity (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, HCG) was also tested. Trypanosomiasis did not cause significant changes in body, ovarian and uterine weights. There were degenerative changes in the structural-functional picture of the studied organs. T. evansi resulted in decreased response of the ovaries and uteri to HCG. The direct and indirect effects, including somatic and autoantibodies production, of this species of trypan

In this study, the potential protective effect of aqueous extract of parsley (Petroselinum sativum) seeds against hydrogen

The brain of the sheep receives its blood supply through the carotid rete and the basilar artery

This field investigation has been coducted on 5l animals from different areas in baghdad

The antimicrobial effects of diverse tannin-containing plants, particularly condensed tannins (CTs) produced from various plants, are the subject of this study. CT components can be determined using CT-specific procedures such the HCl-Butanol Acetone assay, Thiolysis reaction, and HPLC/MS analysis. These methods indicate CT contents, including mean degree of polymerization, the procyanidins and prodelphinidins ratio (PC/PD%), the isomers of trans- and cis-, and CT concentration. Tannin-containing plants possess antibacterial action, which can be attributed to their protein linkage technique, and tannin-type variations, particularly CTs extract and their PC/PD%. The effects of CT components on the development of Gram-positive and Gram-neg

This work aimed to study the pathological changes induced in the
urinary organs after infection with K.pneumoniae. Two laboratory female
animal species ,white rat&guinea pig ,were infected by two
routes,ascending (first group) and direct(intra renal-second group).
The infection was examined in different periods through the bacterial
culture of urine & kidney samples as well as the pathological changes
(gross&microscopic) were examined after post mortum.
The resultes of both groups showed a positive bacteriologic culture of
the urine & kidney samples concomitant with the gross and
histopathological changes of the kidneys which revealed different degrees
of inflammation between the two groups a

Have been done on 30 swan by two methods tenotomy for the extensor tendon of the distal articulation of the left wing and by amputation of the <

انعقدت الندوة التخصصية لمرض نيوكاسل ... والأمراض ذات العلاقة في رحاب كلية

This study was conducted to investigate the inhibition role of alcoholic
extracts of plants Trigonella foenumgraecum , Piper cubeba , Piper nigrum,
Camphora , Commiphora molmol, Apium graveolens , Arachis hypogaea ,
Linum usitatissumun , Cuminum cyminum , Pimpinella anisum , Lepidium
sativum , alcoholic extracts of plants used was prepared and used of
concentration 200 mg/ml and add 0.2 ml of each extracts to 10 ml of media and
0.2 ml of Ethambutol to 10 ml of media the drug for mycobacteria and media
with out any adding for controls. Cultural media were inoculated with 3 drops
of bacterial suspension ( 1mg /ml ) in concentration 108 cfu/ml from patient
suffering from tuberculosis and after incubation on 37 °C

This study was conducted to investigate the inhibition role of alcoholic extracts of plants Trigonella foenumgraecum , Piper cubeba , Piper nigrum, Camphora , Commiphora molmol, Apium graveolens , Arachis hypogaea , Linum usitatissumun , Cuminum cyminum , Pimpinella anisum , Lepidium sativum , alcoholic extracts of plants used was prepared and used of concentration 200 mg/ml and add 0.2 ml of each extracts to 10 ml of media and 0.2 ml of Ethambutol to 10 ml of media the drug for mycobacteria and media with out any adding for controls. Cultural media were inoculated with 3 drops of bacterial suspension ( 1mg /ml ) in concentration 108 cfu/ml from patient suffering from tuberculosis and after incubation on 37 °C the result read weekly up

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different toxic doses
with regard to toxicopathological changes in mice injected with ethanolic crude
extract of Euphorbia granulata F. The experiment was done on (24) mice of
(6-8weeks age and 20-25g weight ) divided equally into (4) groups as follows:-
First group injected distilled water subcutaneously for 45 days and considered
as control ,second group injected subcutaneously (600 mg/kg B.W/day)
ethanolic extract of E. granulata for 45 days, Third group injected
subcutaneously (800 mg/kg B.W/day) ethanolic extract of E. granulata for 45
days. Fourth group injected subcutaneously (1000 mg/kg B.W/day) ethanolic
extract of E. granulata for 45 days.The mic

شملت  الدراسة عشرين قلبا من قلوب البط المحلي البالغة (10  ذ كور و 10 اناث  )  اجريت عليها دراسه تشريحيه عيانيه  لتجاويف وصمامات القلب لغرض التعرف على التحويرات الحاصله في قلب البط   المحلي لتمكنه من التكيف مع الارتفاع الكبير في ضغط الد م  وعدد ضربات القلب.   يتميز القلب في البط المحلي بأنة موجود في داخل  كيس شغاف القلب الشفاف ويتميز  بشكلة المخروطي من الناحيه الخارجيه مع قمته المدببة

This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of using sodium
Hypochloride by the Iraqies housewives at different concentrations (2%, 3%)
and different dipping times (30, 60 and 90 minutes ) in order to reduce the
initial microbial counts , without any adverse effect on the organoleptic
characteristics of the treated minced meat. Bacterial counts in all samples of
meat were enumerated by standard method of miles and mirza technique before
and after treatment .The result showed that the treatment of meat with chlorine at concentration 2
% for 30 and 60 minute reduce the bacterial content on bacterial load ( colony
forming unit – cfu / ml) to a level which was significant from the Public health
point of

This study was conducted to investigate the adverse effect of aflatoxine contaminated ration on immune response induced by N D vaccine in broilen and the effect of adding vit C in drinking water in reducing the aflatoxine immune supportive effect.
A total of 75 day old broiler chicken were divided randomly in to three equal groups , the first group was feed aflatoxine free ration while second and third groups were feed on aflatoxine contaminated ration at 6 day of age, in addition to that the third group have received vit C in a drinking water (125 mg/litter). The birds were immunized twice with ND vaccine at 10, 20 day of age and ELISA test was carried out to estimate the humeral immunity response at 6, 19, 31, days of age.
All th

This research concerns (306)faecal samples from different regions in Baghdad from sheep were examined,the results showed that 230 samples were infected with gastrointestinal parasites with total rate 75.1% which included : 49.0% of coccidiosis ( 9 species of Eimeria were recorded E.parva, E.ovina, E.crandalli s, E. weybridgensi, E. pallida, E. granulosa E .faurei, E. ovinadalis E.marsica) , 21.2% Nematodes 7.84% ,6.5% ,4.5%, 2.2% for Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus ,Nematodiru,and Trichuris in respectively , while the percentage of trematodes & cestodes infections were 4.9% for fasciola 2.28% , Paramphistomum 1.6% , Moniezia 0.9% .Age factor influenced on infection percentage it is higher in younger with coccidiosis infection 25.4% whil

Diabetes Type 2 is associated with low testosterone levels in men, The mechanism of which is unclear .Thus the aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of low testosterone in T2D patients men ⁄ and with aging ,and the possibility of anemia in these patients and the anemia accompanied the T2D cases is due to T2D itself or by the effect of low testosterone. Present work was studied two male groups with different age first, group A age (31-40) years , 60 person {30control & 30 T2D patients} (3 persons for each age),second, group B age (41-50) years ,60 person ,{30 control & 30 patients} (3 persons for each age). Blood was taken from these groups and sugar, PCV, Hb and Testosterone levels were measured comparing with control

The study was conducted to indicate the compartive measurements of heavy metals residues levels were detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in 10 random samples of locally processed cheeses and in 20 random samples of emulsifying salts collectd from different areas in Baghdad , results showed that such cheese of low quality and did not meet both local and international Dairy products standards , Such findings of high concentration of heavy metals residues indicate that the emulsifying salts used in processing were not nutritional but of industrial origin and unfit for human consumption . The results show that is the concentration *[p.p.m.] of heavy metals residues **(±MD) in the locally processed cheeses samples were < 0.1±

L-arginine-Nitric oxide pathway plays an important role in a series of
neurobiological functions underlying behaviors including analgesic effect and has
shown a role in pain feeling which is a mediator with modulation effect in dorsal root
of ganglionic neurons of spinal cord. The goal of the present study is to clarify the
influence of L-arginine-mediated nitric oxide (NO) on pain arbitration in both sexes
of mice. The reactive time to thermal stimulus, latency period, tail withdrawal and the
number of foot licking and flinching in hot plate test, tail flick and formalin tests were
recorded. The results showed that L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) has had
an antinociceptive activity demonstrated as