Viral load of COVID-19 can be concluded from the cycle threshold (Ct) values measured by RT-PCR test performed on suspected samples. SARS-CoV2 viral load has not been standardized yet to reflect the outcome of COVID-19 infection. This cross-sectional study was performed to detect the frequency of SARS-CoV2 among suspected patients and the correlation of viral RNA load represented by cycle threshold (Ct) values with patients’ clinical presentation (disease severity), comorbidities and demographic data.

A total of 520 participants suspected to have SARS-CoV2 infection were enrolled. After filling a questionnaire, a nasopharyngeal swab was collected from each patient and subjected to RT-PCR with the use of specific primers. Ct valu

     In this paper, the class of meromorphic multivalent functions of the form by using fractional differ-integral operators is introduced. We get Coefficients estimates, radii of convexity and star likeness. Also closure theorems and distortion theorem for the class ,  is calculaed.

     Learning from imbalanced data has been a focus of studies for more than two decades of continuous development. Training data is considered imbalanced when the size of the positive (minority) class is neglected because of the large size of the negative (majority) class, in addition to the problem of deviating distributions of binary tasks. The appearance of big data brings new problems and challenges to the imbalance problem. Big Data announces the challenges with 5V: volume, velocity, veracity, value, and variety. This study relied on dividing the solution to the problem of data imbalance into three levels: data level, algorithm level, and hybrid approaches. First, the standard solutions for this problem that were proposed were

     The present work aims to detect the effects of gamma ray radiation emitted from Co-60 on several blood parameters (PCV, Hb, WBCs and  RBCs) of male chickens. Also, the potential antioxidant impact of grape seeds oil exposed to cold plasma  as a protective material to lower the damage caused by gamma ray was tested for a long time and low dose rate. Healthy male chickens were used in this study which had an age range of 2 to 3 months and  a weight range of 1.5 to 2 kg. Animals were kept in plastic cages (100 x 400  x 40 cm dimensions) within  humidity and temperature preserved at limited values. Four experimental groups were included; the first was the un-exposed control. The second group was administered with a dose of grap

     A geographic information system (GIS) is a very effective management and analysis tool. Geographic locations rely on data. The use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the interpretation of natural resource data has been shown to be beneficial. Back-propagation neural networks are one of the most widespread and prevalent designs. The combination of geographic information systems with artificial neural networks provides a method for decreasing the cost of landscape change studies by shortening the time required to evaluate data. Numerous designs and kinds of ANNs have been created; the majority of them are PC-based service domains. Using the ArcGIS Network Analyst add-on, you can locate service regions around any network site

    In this work, the right coprime factor for balancing and truncating unstable systems is extended to parameter-varying multidimensional systems employing recent works on coprime factor model reduction of one-dimensional uncertain systems. Since the balanced truncation method cannot be applied directly to unstable systems, state feedback gains should be computed and incorporated in order to stabilize the given system and to be able to apply the balanced truncation technique via defining the so-called stable coprime factor, as coprime factorization overcomes the stability condition required for model reduction. Parameter-dependent state feedback and parameter-dependent Gramians are considered in this work yielding less conservative t

     Burn infections are a serious concern for patients with burn injuries, as they can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The present study was designed to evaluate the chitosan activity against five pathogens collected from burn infections (Escherichia coli ZE15, Acinetobacter bummani ZA2, Klebsiella pneumonia ZK3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZP17, Staphylococcus aureus ZS2). Chitosan was produced in solid-state fermentation using corn meal supplemented with 2% of shrimp shell chitin. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan was 79.5% and the FT-IR spectrum (4000 to 400) cm-1 gave IR spectra similar to that of the commercial chitosan. The produced chitosan showed a significant inhibitory ability fr

     In this research investigation, a total of eighteen diverse tetra- and penta-lateral cyclic compounds were synthesized. These included 1,3,4-thiadiazole, thiazolidin-4-one (via an alternative method), 1,2,4-triazole, carbothioamide, thiazole-4-one, azetidin-2-one, and oxazole. The synthesis procedure entailed a sequence of reactions. The thiazolidine-4-one 1 was obtained by reaction p-aminobenzoic acid with thiosemicarbazide, followed by treatment with p-tolualdehyde to produce Schiff base 2. Reaction Schiff base 2 with mercaptoacetic acid in dry benzene was carried out to produce thiazolidine-4-one 3. In another synthesis pathway, the esterification of p-nitro benzoic acid with ethanol in the presence of sulfuric acid was obtai

     Nine earthquakes inside Mesopotamia Plain from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed. Three seismic networks have been relied on to relocate these events and know their responsible fault. These networks are; Mesopotamian Seismological Center, Al-Refaei Seismic Array and Iranian Seismological Center. The results showed that the root mean square (RMS) values for all relocated events ranged between 0.002-0.997. The results of the error ellipse ranged from 0.24 - 4.17 km with longitude and 0.76 - 8.24 km with latitude. The new locations of these events are on or near the Ramadi-Musaiyib Fault. This means that the Ramadi-Musaiyib Fault, which belongs to the Najd fault system, is currently in reactivation.

     In this article, two issues related to the design of the experiment are investigated; namely the inspection times and optimal censoring. In the first issue, we study four different approaches to determine the inspection times, namely; pre-specified, equally spaced, optimally spaced, and equal probability using two optimality criteria. In the second issue, we identify the optimal censoring scheme by finding the expected numbers of removals or proportions that attain a specific optimality criterion using two optimality criteria considered. Numerical comparisons using the Monte Carlo simulations are provided of the inspection times, optimum control schemes issues for different parameters and different sample sizes. Statistical meas

     Mineralogical and geotechnical properties used to analyse the swelling potentials of Al-Hartha City. According to mineralogy, montmorillonite is a dominated clay mineral (33.61%) followed by montmorillonite-chlorite (33.34%), kaolinite (9.18%) and illite (5.38%). While calcite, Quartz, Feldspar, and dolomite are non-clay minerals that are also present. According to geotechnical analysis, the percent of clay range between 9-42% with an average of 25.5%, silt 55-80% with an average of 67.5% and sand 0-17% with an average of 8.5%. While liquid limits and plasticity index are, respectively, 10–25% with an average of 17.5% and 35%–51% with an average of 43%. According to the unified soil classification system (USCS), these soils

     Many authors investigated the problem of the early visibility of the new crescent moon after the conjunction and proposed many criteria addressing this issue in the literature. This article presented a proposed criterion for early crescent moon sighting based on a deep-learned pattern recognizer artificial neural network (ANN) performance. Moon sight datasets were collected from various sources and used to learn the ANN. The new criterion relied on the crescent width and the arc of vision from the edge of the crescent bright limb. The result of that criterion was a control value indicating the moon's visibility condition, which separated the datasets into four regions: invisible, telescope only, probably visible, and certainly v

     This work includes the synthesis of new ester compounds containing two 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, 15_a-c and 16_a-c. This was done over seven steps, starting with p-acetamido-phenol 1 and 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole 2. The structure of the products was determined using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of some prepared compounds was achieved against four types of bacteria (two types of gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and two types of gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. Coli), as well as against one types of

     The shear wave sonic (S-wave) log data is essential for identifying the reservoir's geomechanical properties, which is an important factor for the drilling, completion, and optimization processes, where obtaining S-wave requires capital investment and reduces the cost. In this paper, we used the multi-layer perceptron (MLPR) and the gradient boosting regression (GBR) to predict the missing S-Wave log data for the Volve Oil Field in the North Sea. Prescriptive and predictive analysis were carried out in series to achieve a high blind data accuracy rate of 0.943 and 0.982 for the multi-layer perceptron regression and the gradient boosting regression, respectively. It was observed that the gradient-boosting algorithm achieved highe

Many researchers discussed distributive modules and their properties. In this work, the distributive property will be studied over semimodules. Some of the results obtained in homomorphisms of distributive modules are generalized. Some conditions were needed like concept subtractive, i-regular, k-regular, and k-cyclic, to get good results. The relationship between the distributive semimodule over the local semiring and the hollow semimodule was obtained, and the relationship between the distributive semimodule and the homomorphisms distributed over the intersection process or the inverse image distributed over the addition.

    The field of cloud-based electronic government (CBEG) is still expanding. Some conflicting results have been published regarding the factors influencing the adoption of CBEG. The paper aims to review the literature and understand the status of CBEG and the factors behind its adoption. Specific keywords related to the topic were used to extract articles from reliable databases. An extensive review was done on a total of 41 articles published between 2016 and August 2022. The findings showed that there has been an increase in the number of articles related to CBEG, specifically in the public sector. The review also showed that the quantitative approach outperformed other approaches. The Technology Organization Environment (TOE) fram

     Fixed point theory is not only essential in mathematics but also to a vast array of applications. In this approach, we provide some fixed point theorems for fuzzy normed space. The triangle property of a fuzzy norm is introduced first. This property is used to demonstrate some fixed point solutions for self-mappings in fuzzy normed space. To demonstrate the importance of the obtained results, an application for the existence of a solution to the ordinary differential equation and the Fredholm integral equation is constructed.

     Let  be a commutative ring with 1 and  be a left unitary R-module. In this paper, we give a generalization for the notions of compressible (retractable) module. As well as, we study closed (St-closed) compressible and closed (St-closed) retractable. Furthermore, some of their advantages, properties, categorizations and instances have been given. Finally, we study the relation between them.

     In this work, aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanostructure at 0.3 wt% and 0.5 wt% Al was synthesized using the pulse-laser ablation technique in liquid(PLAL) using pulsed Nd: YAG laser of a fundamental wavelength of (1064 nm). The process was done in the absence and presence of an external magnetic field. The deposited AZO nanostructures by drop-casting on etched-Si wafers were examined by different techniques. The XRD test illustrates enhancing the crystallinity of the prepared thin films by applying an external magnetic field. The FESEM images displayed the change of nanostructure to nano-sheets of high surface area after using a 77.2 mT permanent magnet placed behind the target during the ablation process. The gas sensor ba

     In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were manufactured using aqueous extract of mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. Anticancer potential of AgNPs was investigated versus human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Cytotoxic response was assessed by MTT assay. AgNPs showed inhibition effect at the following concentrations 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml versus MCF-7 cell line, and all treatments had a positive result. The MCF-7 cells were inhibited up to 85.14 % at the concentration 200 μg/ml of AgNPs which reduced cells viability to 14.86%, while 12.5 μg/ml of AgNPs caused 24.23% cells inhibition with reduction of cells viability to 75.77%.

     In this paper, we introduce and discuss an extended subclass〖 Ą〗_p^*(λ,α,γ) of meromorphic multivalent functions involving Ruscheweyh derivative operator. Coefficients inequality, distortion theorems, closure theorem for this subclass are obtained.

     The development of two-dimensional chromatography systems is crucial in many scientific fields as it provides improved separation efficiency and selectivity of complex mixtures. By separating compounds based on two independent properties, these systems can offer a more detailed understanding of sample composition. This increased level of detail is particularly useful in industries such as pharmaceuticals, environmental analysis, and proteomics, where complex mixtures with similar properties need to be differentiated. A new chromatography system with two dimensions was developed to separate and quantify specific flavonoids in German wine samples. The first dimension used a homemade hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic c

     Many questions and answers about Islamic law are scattered on the internet and have been explained repeatedly by various sites. One solution is presented by the website www.piss-ktb.com, which creates a web-based source of information in the form of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ). However, web-based FAQs have a weakness: users still have to browse through the available questions one by one according to the questions they want to know the answers to. Browsing through thousands of FAQs is inefficient and exhausting.

Thus, a chatbot system can become a better alternative to the FAQ website. Still, chatbots are difficult to use because most of their conversations are  hard to understand. A single character error will cause

     Anise is an aromatic plant which is used in traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industry. The main components of anise seed are anise alcohol, p-anisaldehyde, estragol, acetophenone, limonene and pinene, while the volatile oil found in anise is anethole. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant and analgesic properties of anise seeds and oil have been confirmed by various studies. The current study was designed to study the effects of oral administration of anise oil on the reproductive capacity of adult male mice by examining certain physiological parameters such as measuring the serum testosterone level, counting the number of sperm, sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology. A total of 36 male mice were used and

     This paper constructs and generalizes the numerical Runge-Kutta-Mohammed (RKM) method for solving twelve-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The novel contribution of this study is the development and generalization of the numerical RKM methods for solving ODEs of the order of less than a tenth. The algebraic order conditions (OCs) for the proposed RKM method are derived up to order thirteen using Taylor expansion. Then, the constructed method has been derived from these order conditions. However, the proposed numerical RKM method has been evaluated at some implementations and compared to an existing Runge-Kutta (RK) method to determine the method's viability. Moreover, this comparison demonstrates the proposed direct

     This paper emphasizes on examining the impact of a magnetic field, and porous medium on the non-Newtonian Jeffery nanofluid flows due to metachronal waves induced by ciliated structures that covering the inner walls of the symmetric channel. The governing equations namely continuity, motion, energy and nanoparticles concentration are formulated with suitable boundary conditions and simplified depending on the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The simplified equations are solved by using Mathematica program. Further, these analytical solutions for velocity profile, temperature, concentration profiles and streamlines are graphically elucidated and discussed in detail. we concluded that the Hartman number and p

     Medical diagnosis is the process of identifying the presence of a specific disease. Medical images play an important and major role in helping the doctor and specialist in the process of diagnosing the patient's condition. As a result of the technological development taking place in the fields of artificial intelligence, which processes data quickly and efficiently by responding to various conditions and situations, providing a great deal of flexibility and accuracy,  it is widely used in helping to diagnose diseases. Fuzzy logic was used to find the number of cells in medical images, where the increase or decrease in the number of cells beyond the normal limit indicates the presence of a specific disorder or disease.

Th

     The present paper shows a numerical comparison by using the number of the following criteria: mean squared, root mean Square, mean absolute, and relative mean squared error values between the methods, namely  maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators for the two parameters of the exponentiated exponential distribution. In estimating the maximum likelihood, The equations cannot be solved directly, Then Newton-Raphson method is used. Because of Bayes estimators under scale invariant squared and weighted composite linear-exponential loss functions the ratios cannot be simplified in a closed form. So, we use Lindley approximation. MATLAB program is used to display the results.

     Binary relations or interactions among bio-entities, such as proteins, set up the essential part of any living biological system. Protein-protein interactions are usually structured in a graph data structure called "protein-protein interaction networks" (PPINs). Analysis of PPINs into complexes tries to lay out the significant knowledge needed to answer many unresolved questions, including how cells are organized and how proteins work. However, complex detection problems fall under the category of non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-Hard) problems due to their computational complexity. To accommodate such combinatorial explosions, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are proven effective alternatives to heuristics in solving NP-

      This paper used argon plasma jets to prepare CuO nanostructures. Several techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used for the characterization of the prepared CuO nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the CuO nanostructures have an energy band gap of 2.7 eV. The XRD analysis showed that the CuO nanostructures have an average crystallite size of 36 nm. Furthermore, the results of the EDX examination demonstrated the creation of CuO nanostructures of high purity. The scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the surface morphology, showing a high agglomeration rate. According to SEM