The aim of this paper is to design a neural network for solving the singular perturbation problems by using neural networks. The modified neuro system using a polynomial of second degree is to replace each component in the training set. The foundation of this approach is to swap off each x in the input vector training set       (x_j ) ⃗=(x_1  , x_2  , …, x_n )  , x_j∈[a,b]  , the polynomial will be as  ξ(x) =λ/( 2 )(x^2+x+1), λ∈(a ,b). The appropriate value is determined within a certain range, which has a significant impact on the accuracy of the solution. The numerical results show that the modified neuro system method is better and more accurate than usual artificial neural network method, the main reason for th

Lung cancer is the first killer among all the known malignancies. Late detection of this malignancy is a major contributor to advanced-stage diagnosis and poor outcomes. Pulmonary microbiota has been recently reported as one of lung cancer risk hallmarks that is still to be fully understood. This study aimed to explore the potential role of microbiome in predicting lung carcinogenesis. Microbiome Library Construction of the 16SrRNA variable region (V3–V4) was conducted by gene amplicon sequencing using the Illumina sequencing platform. Microbiome data was analysed using Version QIIME2-202006 software for species annotations. The sequences were denoised by the DADA2 plugin implemented in QIIMETM2. The bacterial amplicon sequenc

The main purpose of this paper, is to characterize new admissible classes of linear operator in terms of seven-parameter Mittag-Leffler function, and discuss sufficient conditions in order to achieve certain third-order differential subordination and superordination results. In addition, some linked sandwich theorems involving these classes had been obtained.

Pesticides are man-made chemical compounds, widely used in agriculture to control different types of pests, product crops and prevent diseases which damage them. This experiment used herbicide Goldate, insecticide Alexander and their mixture with different concentrations exposed to common carp in 40L glass aquaria. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) means value of mixture pesticides compared with control. The liver tissues of the fish exposure to pesticides groups G1, A1, M1 and M2 showed different degrees of jaundice, cellular swelling, necrosis hepatocytes and vascular degeneration of pancreatic acini and aggregation of bile pigments. These

The Internet of Things (IoT) has had a substantial impact on a number of industries, including smart cities, the medical field, the automotive industry, and logistics tracking. But along with the IoT's advantages come security worries that are proliferating more and more. Deep learning-based Intelligent Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) have been created to detect continually evolving network threats and trends in order to address this issue. Six alternative deep learning algorithms, including CNN, RNN, and DNN architectures, are used in this research to present a novel anomaly-based solution for IoT networks. Three distinct intrusion detection datasets were used to evaluate the algorithms, and the findings revealed that the hyb

Ten isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, seven isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and nine isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, were obtained from 100 urine samples collected from Baghdad hospitals. All isolates were identified biochemically and confirmed by using VITEK 2 and were then tested for their susceptibility towards 6 antibiotics and for phenolic extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Cinnamomum cassia. All bacteria were greatly affected by T. vulgaris, especially K. pneumoniae. Viable count was performed, it was noted that the number of bacterial cells reduced from 1×10⁸ CFU to 1.2× 10³, 2×10⁵ and 1.8×10⁶CFU of K. pneumoniae,

In this work, the effect of the ionospheric variables on the astronomical radio signal was studied. Florida station, for the year 2014, was selected and the actual observation data of the Jupiter signal from the Radio JOVE Data Archive was used. The Radio Jove Pro software was used to determine the number of radio emissions from Jupiter that were supposed to occur. The data of the electron density and temperatures of the ionosphere for altitudes 200-500 kilometers were taken from the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) site, where 116 supposed events were obtained, and after applying determinants for the angle of elevation of Jupiter and the elevation of the sun, this number was reduced to 45. This work aims to focus on the role of

The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among community-acquired uropathogens represents an important therapeutic challenge. Henceforth, the purpose of the study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among community-acquired urinary tract infections and then identify the risk factors. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated from patients with symptomatic community-acquired urinary tract infections. The ESBL-producing and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were then performed using the broth microdilution technique. Among 826 Es

The goal of fusing multi-focus images is to obtain one image that has all the significant features from each input. The fusion process is needed because of the limitations of the optical lens depth of field that is used to capture images, so images of various focused regions are produced. In this paper, a multi-focus image fusion algorithm is proposed. It is based on utilizing the biorthogonal wavelet transform to extract details and edges from the input images by making the approximation subband equal zero and applying an inverse transform to get images that have only edges, lines, and details. The average gradient metric, which is used to represent sharpness and clarity, is calculated as an activity measurement for each NxN block of th

During the COVID-19 epidemic, improperly discarded face masks turned out to be a severe source of environmental contamination that threatened lives. Bacteria are a crucial degrading agent for face masks. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize potential face mask-degrading bacteria from discarded face masks at Parangtritis Beach in Yogyakarta, Java, Indonesia. Mineral Salt Media (MSM) containing face mask (black duckbill, blue surgical and white KF94) was used to select bacterial growth ability. The process of face mask degradation was also assisted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination. Eight bacterial strains, designated AP1 through AP8, were obtained using an enrichment screening technique. AP1-AP3, AP4

Deep learning has become the driving force behind many contemporary technologies and has been successfully applied in many fields. The core objective of this study is to comprehend, investigate, and stipulate significant insights into the deep learning applications in various supply chain management functions through a bibliometric analysis. The literature for the study is gathered from the Scopus database. A bibliometric analysis is conducted using R Studio. It has been found that researchers from China are publishing the most research findings in this area. The study observed drift in concentrated areas of the field from 2007 to 2022. This analysis introduces a paradigm shift in trend techniques. Compared to using computer simulation,

The study investigated the antibacterial properties of chromium nanoparticles using Pulse laser ablation technology. The nanoparticles were produced using a Q-switched Nd:YAG pulsed laser of 532 nm and pulsed laser energies ranging from 400mJ to 700mJ at a frequency of 6 Hz. The properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, including XRD, AFM, SEM, and EDS, at laser energies of 400 and 700 mJ. The resulting chromium powder exhibited a crystalline structure, with average crystalline sizes of 42.25 and 52.53 nm for laser energies of 400 and 700 mJ, respectively. EDX analysis revealed the presence of chromium, carbon, and oxygen at different concentrations for both energy levels. FE-SEM images showed the shape

The aim of this paper is to prove some weak and strong convergence results of a novel modified Picard-S hybrid iteration to converge to fixed point involving nearly non-expansive mapping in the setting of uniformly convex Banach space. Our results generalize and improve the known results of the existing literature.

Ozone (O₃) occurs naturally in the Earth's upper atmosphere, and at ground level is a dangerous pollutant hurts plants and lung tissue and it’s a major component of smog. The purpose of this study to analyze the time series, trend, and spatial-temporal changes of monthly Relative Humidity (RH), Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), and O₃ in Iraq using the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) ascending AIRS3STM data during 2003 - 2021. The time series over six stations (Mosul, Sulaymaniyah, Khanaqin, Rutba, Baghdad, and Basra) have been analyzed and showed similar changes and fluctuation in O₃ and OLR. The results of the study obtained were: minimum (decreasing, January–December) and maximum (increasing,

Merging galaxies provide an excellent laboratory for investigating several physical properties related to the merging processes. In this research, high-resolution ¹²CO (J= 1 – 0) data of the molecular gas was reported in the merging galaxy VV114 from the Atacama Large Millimetre/Sub-millimetre Array (ALMA) to study some of the physical characteristics at the sub-kpc scale. Infrared (IR) data from the Spitzer Space Telescope was used to determine the star formation rate (SFR) and were compared with the properties of the molecular gas. The molecular gas map was divided into 12 regions with a scale of (500 – 600) pc in the CO (1 – 0) integrated intensity and velocity dispersion map. The findings showed a low value for the i

Infectious toxoplasmosis, caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, is a prevalent zoonotic disease that affects humans and warm-blooded animals. Cytokines are a class of signaling molecules that are widely employed in cellular communication; cells produce them, and they have an impact on how other cells interact. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between serum levels and gene expression of interleukin18 in miscarried women with toxoplasmosis. A Total of 200 blood samples from patients and controls were collected from Baghdad, Iraq between November 2021 and March 2022 which were used to measure gene expression of IL-18 using real-time PCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to d

In this work, new Schiff bases of quinazolinone derivatives (Q1-Q5) were synthesized from methyl anthranilate. The synthesis involved three steps. In the first step, methyl anthranilate was reacted with isothiocyanatobenzene, producing the thiourea derivative K1. The second step entailed reacting K1 with hydrazine hydrate, synthesizing 3-amino-2-(phenylamino) quinazolin-4(3H)-one (K2). The third step involved reaction of K2 with various aromatic aldehydes, yielding the Schiff bases derivatives Q1-Q5. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified by FT-IR,¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The newly synthesized derivatives (Q1-Q5) were subjected to rigorous evaluation to assess their efficacy as corrosion

This study evaluated the effect of two different types of amino group-containing pharmacological inhibitors on titanium corrosion under acidic conditions. The first inhibitor examined was the antibiotic trimethoprim. The second inhibitor studied was the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug voltaren. The results showed that titanium had a high corrosion current in the absence of a corrosion inhibitor, however, trimethoprim notably enhanced corrosion resistance and protection percentages of titanium (%IE) at higher concentrations by adhering to the metal surface, as evidenced by improved protection percentages. Furthermore, the results showed that as Voltaren concentration was increased, both corrosion resistance and inhibition efficiency d

The presented study investigates the scheduling regarding  jobs on a single machine. Each  job is processed with no interruptions and becomes available for processing at time 0. The aim is to find a processing order with regard to jobs, minimizing “multi-criteria and multi-objective” for two problems. The first problem considers the summation completion time , summation late work , and maximal tardiness , while the second problem considers the total completion time , total earliness , and maximum tardiness . In addition, a sub-problem is presented for each problem and denoted by 1//  and 1//  for the first and second problems, respectively, which is an NP-hard problem. Two meta-heuristics methods “particle swarm optimization (P

Heavy metals and metalloids can accumulate in the soil, cause severe risks to human health and the ecosystem, and threaten the sustainable use and management of soil resources. This study investigated the Distribution and levels of heavy metals in soils of different lands in Abu-Ghraib (AGP), Baghdad, Iraq. Twenty-seven samples from cultivated soil and two uncultivated soil samples were collected during February 2023 from the surface layer (0–30 cm depth) and analyzed for major oxides and heavy metals. Different parameters were utilized to investigate the naturality of studied soils, including grain size analysis, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and trace elements (TEs) concentration. Analysis of grain s

The new azo dye was synthesized via the reaction of the diazonium salt form of 3-aminophenol with 2-hydroxyquinoline. This dye was then used to access a series of complexes with the chlorides of manganese, iron, zinc, cadmium, and vanadium sulfate. The prepared ligand and its complexes were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter, and microelemental analysis. Conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, metal content, and chlorine content of the complexes were also measured. The ligand and cadmium complex were identified using¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the shape of the ligand is a t

The main objective of recommender systems is to assist users in overcoming the issue of information overload by providing them with a carefully selected list of items that they are likely to find useful or relevant. Recommender systems may face many limitations and challenges, such as the cold start problem, which occurs when there is insufficient or no information about a new user or item. This leads to a decline in the performance of the recommender system. In this paper, we propose a recommendation system based on textual reviews and the deep learning method (RS-TRDL) to alleviate the user cold-start problem. Our RS-TRDL model can extract the important aspects and underlying sentiment polarity classification from the review text using

The upward continuation was used to obtain the residual RTP magnetic maps at elevations 2, 12, 16 and 22 km. These maps are processed by the Total Horizontal Derivative (THD) technique to detect the main lineaments that represent the boundary of subsurface sources or fractures. The high background of THD in the central part of the study area supports the presence of a group of faults between the western and eastern parts of the area. The obtained lineaments trends were represented on the rose diagram, as were the main trends in the study area. The predominant lineaments (faults) trends in the western part in descending are N55W, N35W, N05W, N65W, N45W, N25W, N05E, N15E, and N35E, respectively, for the four considered upward elevations. T

Many important archaeological sites in Iraq still need to be preserved. Some of these sites were subjected to destruction and negligence. So, exploring these sites represents a priority for its protection. A 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) as a non-invasive geophysical survey method was implemented at a part of the Borsippa archaeological site near Babylon to search for the subsurface archaeological artefacts/structures. Electrical resistivity measurements were carried out using a Dipole-Dipole array. Steps were taken to process and filter using Horizontal profiles, forward modelling, and 2D inverse models to analyze the resistivity measurements. The ERI inversion results show that the superficial conductive zone produced variati

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a form of arthritis that predominantly affects the spine and is characterized by immune and skeletal disorders causing deterioration in structural integrity, functional capability, and overall quality of life. This study aimed to estimate IL-40 serum level in Iraqi men who had AS. Blood samples were obtained from 100 patients (with AS) and 100 men (controls group). The enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay was used to measure the IL-40 level in blood samples. The investigation's findings showed that the typical patient’s age was 40.56 ± 10.19 years old. While the control group's average age was 38.76 ± 10.52 years. The results found that the duration of the disease was< 5 years in 44% of cases, 5-10 yea

This study synthesized polyacetal from the reaction of polyvinyl alcohol with para-nitrobenzaldehyde. Polyacetal/polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer blends were prepared using solution casting. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesized using onion peel extract as the reducing agent. Nanocomposites were fabricated by blending polyacetal/PVP with AuNPs and AgNPs at different ratios. XRD and FESEM characterized the AuNPs and AgNPs. FTIR, FESEM, TGA, and DSC characterized the polyacetal, polymer blends, and nanocomposites. DSC and TGA confirmed the improved thermal stability of the polymer blends and nanocomposites. Nanocomposites demonstrated higher efficacy in inhibiting lung cancer cell lines compared to the

This study investigated the role of probiotics in treating echinococcosis, considering three time periods (3, 5, and 7 months) and three bacterial dilutions. Mice were injected subperitoneally before and after primary infection with the rudiments. Before infection, the mice were injected with the Pro-30Max probiotics twice, with 48 hours interval. On the fifth day, they were infected with protoscoleces, and after 48 hours they were treated with the bacteria. The injections continued every 72 hours for all periods. A decrease in the number and weight of hydatid cysts was recorded reaching the value of 0.00 mg. Whereas a decrease in the weight of the liver and spleen and their inflation factors were recorded after 7, 5 and 3 months. The lo

The significance of media alerts in influencing public perception and response during disease outbreaks is of paramount importance. This research investigates how media alerts affect the epidemiological model by taking into account both asymptomatic and symptomatic cases. Media alerts serve as a powerful tool for raising awareness about the disease, driving people to undergo testing and diagnosis, and promoting adherence to public health measures. This, in turn, contributes to better reporting and surveillance of cases, leading to a more accurate representation of disease spread in the model. The proposed model introduces a five-dimensional compartment system that includes susceptible, asymptomatic, symptomatic, recovered populations and

In this paper, an ecological model with stage-structure in prey population, fear, anti-predator and  harvesting are suggested. Lotka-Volterra  and Holling type II functional responses have been  assumed to describe the feeding processes . The local and global stability of steady points of this model  are  established. Finally, the global dynamics are studied numerically to investigate the influence of the parameters on the solutions of the system, especially the effect of fear and anti-predation. 

The privacy, confidentiality, and integrity of user information are very important concerns; therefore, cryptography is the solution to keep and satisfy these objectives. Encryption is the most important policy that is used to make transmitted messages have a high level of security and be so difficult to crack by attackers. The main aim of this research is divided into two parts: The aim of Part 1 is to obtain the highest level of complexity against the attacker by applying six classical cryptography algorithms to the same plain-text message. These six algorithms are Vigenère, Porta, Autokey, Beaufort, Trithemuis, and Gronsfeld. Also, in this part, several analysis tools are used to evaluate the performance of the six algorithms: entrop