Many waste materials can be repurposed effectively within asphalt concrete to enhance the performance and sustainability of pavement. One of these waste materials is sawdust ash (SDA). This study explores the beneficial use of SDA as a substitute for limestone dust (LD) mineral filler in asphalt concrete. The replacement rate was 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% by weight of total mineral filler. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to assess the surface morphology of Sawdust (SD), SDA, and LD. In addition, a series of tests, including Marshall stability and flow, indirect tensile strength,moisture susceptibility, and repeated uniaxial loading tests, were conducted to examine the performance characteristics of asphalt mixtures of different SDA content. As per Marshall mix design, a slightly higher binder content was required for the preparation of SDA mixes. The results reveal that the asphalt mixtures prepared using SDA attain a tensile strength ratio (TSR) greater than the critical threshold, i.e., 80%, indicating the feasibility of SDA against moisture- induced damage. The highest TSR value of 87% was obtained using 45% SDA as a replacement for LD. Compared to 0% SDA, there is a reduction of 12.08% in permanent deformation for asphalt mixtures produced with 60% SDA. Also, as the SDA content increases, there is a slight improvement in the resilient modulus values, with a peak improvement of 3% at 60% SDA. In addition, the cost of producing SDA mixes was relatively lower than the control mixes, indicating the cost-effectiveness of using SDA. Overall, the study found that SDA is a promising material that can improve the performance and durability of asphalt concrete at lower production costs.
Computations of the relative permeability curves were made through their representation by two functions for wetting and nonwetting phases. Each function contains one parameter that controls the shape of the relative permeability curves. The values of these parameters are chosen to minimize an objective function, that is represented as a weighted sum of the squared differences between experimentally measured data and the corresponding data calculated by a mathematical model simulating the experiment. These data comprise the pressure drop across core samples and the recovery response of the displacing phase. Two mathematical models are constructed in this study to simulate incompressible, one-dimensional, two-phase flow. The first model d
... Show MoreAccurate predictive tools for VLE calculation are always needed. A new method is introduced for VLE calculation which is very simple to apply with very good results compared with previously used methods. It does not need any physical property except each binary system need tow constants only. Also, this method can be applied to calculate VLE data for any binary system at any polarity or from any group family. But the system binary should not confirm an azeotrope. This new method is expanding in application to cover a range of temperature. This expansion does not need anything except the application of the new proposed form with the system of two constants. This method with its development is applied to 56 binary mixtures with 1120 equili
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Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of the Messengers, his family and all his companions, then after:
This is brief research that contained between its two covers one of the jurisprudence rules derived from Islamic Sharia that guarantees the right of others, in case of forcing to do the prohibited act, and it is a restriction of the rule: “Necessities allow prohibitions” and “Hardship brings facilitation” and support for the rule: “Necessities are valued.” It is an origin in alleviating the taxpayer definitely , and the study has briefly shown some of the jurisprudential appli
... Show MoreAPDBN Rashid, Review of International Geographical Education Online (RIGEO), 2021
Одной из активно развивающихся отраслей лексикологии является неология, объект её изучения - новое слово или неологизм. В задачу неологии входит выявление новых слов и новых значений у уже существующих в языке слов, анализ причин и способов их появления, описание факторов, влияющих на появление нового в лексической системе языка, разработка языковой политики в отношении новых номинаций. Лексикограф
... Show MoreSheet piles are necessary with hydraulic structures as seepage cut-off to reduce the seepage. In this research, the computational work methodology was followed by building a numerical model using Geo-Studio program to check the efficiency of using concrete sheet piles as a cut-off or reducer for seepage with time if the sheet piles facing the drawdown technique. Al-Kifil regulator was chosen as a case study, an accurate model was built with a help of observed reading of the measuring devices, which was satisfactory and helped in checking the sheet piles efficiency. Through the study, three scenarios were adopted (with and without) drawdown technique, it was found that at the short time there's no effect of the drawdown technique on
... Show MoreThis study was conducted in the botanical garden, Department of biology, College of Science/ Mustansiriyah University in from (15 February to 15 March, 2019) under the natural environmental conditions in the greenhouse in order to evaluate the effectiveness of parsley aqueous extract as a promoter for rooting. The study included the use of aqueous extract of a plant Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) extract was used in concentrations (1.25, 2.5 g / l), compare with IBA in concentration (100 mg / L) with dipping time 24 hour for all treatments. The cutting stems were included Rosmarinus officinalis, Nerium oleander, Olea europaea, Plumeria alba, Hibiscus rosa, Pelargonium graveolens, and Myrtus communis. The following measurements were
... Show MoreConstructed wetlands (CWs) are simple low-cost wastewater treatment units that use natural process to improve the effluent water quality and make it possible for its reuse.in this study used the horizontal flow system for the tertiary treatment of wastewater effluent from secondary basins at Al-Rustamiya wastewater treatment plant / old project / Baghdad / Iraq. the Phragmites Australis plant was used for wastewater treatment and the horizontal subsurface flow system was applied. the experimental study was carried out in February 2020 to October 2020. the parameters were monitored for a period of five weeks, Concentration-based average removal efficiencies for HSSF-CW were COD,53% [NO