The activity of Adhatoda vasica crude plants extracts against B.thuringiensis bacteria was determined by MIC test and sensitivity test which showed no response of this type of bacteria against extracts .The interference between the effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts and Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria for controlling the population of fig moth when males and females released before treatment under control condithion was gave a highly percentage of larval mortality which reached to 100% in (B.t. + hot aqueous extract ) and 97.3% in (B.t + coldaqueous extract ) after two weeks of treatment when concentration of 50% of aqueous extracts and 5×10?1of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria but when the insect (males & females) released after

      Field trial was conducted with the aim of utilizing extract of allelopathic crop to reduce the use of synthetic herbicides in wheat fields. Sorghum extract at 12 L /ha, sunflower extract at 12 L /ha, combination of sorghum and sunflower extracts at 12 L /ha and chevalier at 25, 50 and 100% of recommended dose were applied alone or in combination with each other. Weed free and weedy check treatments were included for comparison. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the recommended  dose of chevalier  treatment recorded lowest means of weed density 15.7, 23.7, 25.3 and 27.9 weeds m-2and weeds dry weight 13.4, 16.4, 23.3 and 29.2 g m-2 and gave

Key components estimated in Acol total plant leaves and the results were as follows plant Acol humidity 72%

Calcium-Montmorillonite (bentonite) [Ca-MMT] has been prepared via cation exchange reaction using benzalkonium chloride [quaternary ammonium] as a surfactant to produce organoclay which is used to prepare polymer composites. Functionalization of this filler surface is very important factor for achieving good interaction between filler and polymer matrix. Basal spacing and functional groups identification of this organoclay were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy respectively.  The (XRD) results showed that the basal spacing of the treated clay (organoclay) with the benzalkonium chloride increased to 15.17213 ⁰A, this represents an increment of about 77.9% in the

Transition metal complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) with azo dye 3,5-dimethyl-2-(4-nitrophenylazo)-phenol derived from 4-nitoaniline and3,5-dimethylphenol were synthesized. Characterization of these compounds has been done on the basis of elemental analysis,electronic data, FT-IR,UV-Vis and 1 HNMR, as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The nature of thecomplexes formed were studies following the mole ratio and continuous variation methods, Beer ' s law obeyed over a concentrationrange (1x10 -4 - 3x10 -4 M). High molar absorbtivity of the complex solutions were observed. From the analytical data, thestoichiomerty of the complexes has been found to be 1:2 (Metal:ligand). On the basis of physicochemical data tetrahedral

The electrode in the microbial fuel cell has a significant effect on cell performance. The treatment of the electrode is a crucial step to make the electrode surface more habitable for bacteria growth, thus, increases the power production as well as waste treatment. In the current study, two graphite electrodes were treated by a microwave. The first electrode was treated with 100W microwave energy, while the second one was treated with 600W microwave energy. There is a significant enhancement in the surface of the graphite anode after the pretreatment process. The results show an increase in the power density from 10 mW/m² to 15 mW/m² with 100w treatment and to 13.47 mW/m² with 600w treatment. An organic

Liquid membrane electrodes for the determination iron(III) were constructed based on chloramphenicol sodium succinate and iron(III) CPSS-Fe(III) as ion pair complex, with four plasticizers Di-butyl phosphate (DBP); Di-butyl phthalate (DBPH); Di-octyl phthalate (DOP); Tri-butyl phosphate (TBP); in PVC matrix . These electrodes give Nernstian and sub-Nernstian slopes (19.79, 24.60, 16.01 and 13.82mV/decade) and linear ranges from (1x10-5-1x10-2 M, 1x10-5-1x10-2 M, 1x10-6-1x10-2 M and 1x10-5-1x10-2 M) respectively. The best electrode was based on DBP plasticizer which gave a slope 19.79 mV/decade, correlation coefficient 0.9999, detection limit of 9×10-6 M, lifetime 37 day displayed good stability and reproducibility and used to determine

    This experiment was conducted in field of Agricultured Department Baquba/Diyala province in spring season 2011 to study the water stress by using foliar application concentrations of each Proline acid and Abscisic acid on proline content , ABA  content , chlorophyll content, protein conten and water content in leaves of Maize( cultivar, Buhooth 106).  The layout of the experiments was Split-  split plot design as RCBD with three replicates. The three concentrations   of spraying Proline acid levels ( 0 , 150 , 200 mg Proline .l-1 ) Three Abscisic acid levels ( 0 , 15 , 20 mgABA.l-1. ) and three periods of irrigation after(25, 50, 75%) of available water . Folair fertilizer were applied at three

Obesity is a chronic disease that may have genetic, environmental, and other causes. Obesity is a shortcut to many diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and other chronic diseases. Oxidative stress increases obesity through free radicals. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a metabolic enzyme used to remove toxins. This study aimed to determine GST activity in obese patients as a predictor of oxidative stress and the effectiveness of lipid profiling in obese patients. The study included 139 samples of obese and healthy people (obese group 84 and healthy group 55). Both groups (obese and healthy groups) were divided into four groups based on body mass index. Blood samples were collected from obese males and females in