The presented study investigated the scheduling regarding jobs on a single machine. Each job will be processed with no interruptions and becomes available for the processing at time 0. The aim is finding a processing order with regard to jobs, minimizing total completion time , total late work , and maximal tardiness which is an NP-hard problem. In the theoretical part of the present work, the mathematical formula for the examined problem will be presented, and a sub-problem of the original problem of minimizing the multi-objective functions is introduced. Also, then the importance regarding the dominance rule (DR) that could be applied to the problem to improve good solutions will be shown. While in the practical part, two exact methods are important; a Branch and Bound algorithm (BAB) and a complete enumeration (CEM) method are applied to solve the three proposed MSP criteria by finding a set of efficient solutions. The experimental results showed that CEM can solve problems for up to jobs. Two approaches of the BAB method were applied: the first approach was BAB without dominance rule (DR), and the BAB method used dominance rules to reduce the number of sequences that need to be considered. Also, this method can solve problems for up to , and the second approach BAB with dominance rule (DR), can solve problems for up to jobs in a reasonable time to find efficient solutions to this problem. In addition, to find good approximate solutions, two heuristic methods for solving the problem are proposed, the first heuristic method can solve up to jobs, while the second heuristic method can solve up to jobs. Practical experiments prove the good performance regarding the two suggested approaches for the original problem. While for a sub-problem the experimental results showed that CEM can solve problems for up to jobs, the BAB without dominance rule (DR) can solve problems for up to , and the second approach BAB with dominance rule (DR), can solve problems for up to jobs in a reasonable time to find efficient solutions to this problem. Finally, the heuristic method can solve up to jobs. Arithmetic results are calculated by coding (programming) algorithms using (MATLAB 2019a)
To learn how the manner of preparation influences film development, this study examined film expansion under a variety of deposition settings. To learn about the membrane’s properties and to ascertain the optimal pretreatment conditions, which are represented by ambient temperature and pressure, Laser pressure of 2.5[Formula: see text]m bar, the laser energy density of 500[Formula: see text]mJ, distortion ratio ([Formula: see text]) as a function of laser pulse count, all achieved with the double-frequency Nd: YAG laser operating in quality-factor mode at 1064[Formula: see text]nm. MgxZn[Formula: see text] films of thickness [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm were deposited on glass substrates at pulse
... Show MoreNaproxen is a non steroidal anti inflammatory and antipyretic drug which has local irritation effect on the stomach, and unpleasant taste, besides bad flowability and light sensitivity .The drug was prepared as microcapsules by complex coacervation method using acacia-gelatin coating materials , and aqueous colloid polymer dispersion method ( ACPD ), using ethyl cellulose and sodium alginate coating materials . The results indicated that microcapsules prepared by 2:1 core:wall ratio is the best for both methods, with an average encapsulation efficiency (75%) and avarege yield (90%) .
Moreover the drug release was affected mainly by core : ratio ,pH enviroment and method of microenca
... Show MoreA ventricular septal defect (VSD) is defined as a communication between the left and right ventricles or between the left ventricle and the right atrium. VSDs are amongst the most common abnormalities of the heart. They can be present in isolation or in association with other congenital cardiac abnormalities. This is study done with the aim to evaluate the types, size, associated CHD with ventricular septal defect in children and adolescent in two cardiac centers (Medical City Complex cardiac clinics, Ibn Al Nafaes teaching hospital) in Baghdad - Iraq
In the theoretical part, removal of direct yellow 8 (DY8) from water solution was accomplished using Bentonite Clay as an adsorbent. Under batch adsorption, the adsorption was observed as a function of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature. The equilibrium data were fitted with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, and the linear regression coefficient R2 was used to determine the best fitting isotherm model. thermodynamic parameters of the ongoing adsorption mechanism, such as Gibb's free energy, enthalpy, and entropy, have also been measured. The batch method was also used for the kinetic calculations, and the day's adsorption assumes first-order rate kinetics. The kinetic studies also show that the intrapar
... Show MoreIntroduction:Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative pathogen of many species. Its pathogenicity and survival are linked to its capacity to build biofilms as well as its strong inherent resistance to antimicrobials and cleaning agents. Objectives: To analyse the impact of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) on the gene expression of QS-related genes (rssB, rsmA,and pigP) of S. marcescens. Methodology: The broth microdilution technique estimated the bactericidal effectiveness of glyceryl trinitrate. The presence of rssB, rsmA,and pigP in S. marcescens isolates was detected using PCR. qRT-PCR was used to assess the effect of GTN on rssB, rsmA,and pigPgene expression. Results: The results demonstrated that GTN has no effect on S. marcesce
... Show MoreThe most important function of a prosthetic hand is their ability to perform tasks in a manner similar to a natural hand, so it is necessary to perform kinematic analysis to determine the performance and the ability of the prosthetic human finger design to work normally and smoothly when it's drive by two sets of links that embedded in its structure and pulled by a servomotor, so the Denvit-Hartenberg method was used to analyse the forward kinematics for the prosthetic finger joints to deduction the trajectory of the fingertip and the velocity of the joints was computed by using the Jacobian matrix. The prosthetic finger was modelled by the Solidwork - 2018 program and the results of kinematics were verified using MATLAB. The analys
... Show MoreIn this manuscript divide into two parts the first experimental and the second theoretical. The experimental part of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) can be used with aluminum (30%). Nanomaterials are synthesized by a laser pulse melting solution by ethanol. The effect of laser on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of nanoparticles (PVC) was examined by UV spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy (TEM). The theoretical part of the DFT can be used to approximate the generalized gradient of the Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) / 6-31G (d) groups, which were created using additional Gaussian 09 software through Gaussian 5.08. To build PVC nanocrystal pure which chemical formula [(C2H3Cl)n] and build (
... Show MoreThe present study aims at scrutinizing the impoliteness types, causes, and purposes utilized by Iraqi English language learners when refusing marriage proposals. Thus, it attempts to answer the questions: (1) what are the impoliteness formulas used by the Iraqi learners of English in refusing marriage proposals?, and (2) What are their impoliteness triggers/causes and the purposes? The study is significant in bridging the gap that few linguistic types of research concentrate on studying intentionality and emotions allied with impoliteness. Data were collected from 35 Iraqi learners of English responding to 6 situations of marriage. The data were analyzed using Culpeper’s (2011) formulas of impoliteness and Bousfield’s (2007) imp
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