Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system with complex etiopathogenesis that impacts young adults (Lee et al., 2015), and MS impacts younger and middle aged character and leads to a range of disabilities that can alter their daily routines (Yara et al, 2010). Although, the exact cause of MS is still undetermined, the disease is mediated by adaptive immunity through the infiltration of T cells into the central nervous system (Bjelobaba et al, 2017). MS causes the Focal neurological symptomsand biochemical changes in the molecular level and the variation of neural cells such as loss or alteration of sensation, motor function, visible signs such as blurred vision or transient blindness, disturbance of conjugate eye movements, bladder and bowel dysfunction and cognitive impairment (Induruwa et al, 2012 and Jafarzadeh et al, 2014). Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are chronic conditions initiated by way of the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens (TodorovicDilas et al, 2011). It is a heterogeneous group of disorders in which more than one modification in the immune system can be specific to a particular tissue or organ or might also be systemic, non-specific, involving multiple tissues or organs (Ray et al, 2012). One possible cause behind this is a lack of understanding of pathogenic mechanisms driving progressive multiple sclerosis. Due to the indolent nature of symptom progression, current disease criteria used to signify the course of disease (Lublin et al, 2014) indicate diagnosis is generally retrospective and based totally on history of gradual worsening. Clearly, diagnosis is primary based on clinical judgment, as there is no fully reliable diagnostic test (Ontaneda et al, 2015). In latest years, the elements involved in the etiology of the disease have also included oxidative stress (OS), which is described as an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mechanisms that are responsible for their elimination, andthe imbalance between OS agents and antioxidants leads to OS activating the inflammatory process (Phaniendra et al, 2015). In the absence of enough antioxidant defenses, ROS can reason oxidative damage to macromolecules resulting in oxidation of lipids, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (Griffiths, 2002). Some reseach report that ROS play a main role in myelin phagocytosis (Ghabaee et al, 2010 and Tasset et al, 2012). The inflammatory response gives rise to the manufacturing of both ROS and Reactive Biochem. Cell. Arch. Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 31-35, 2019 www.connectjournals.com/bca ISSN 0972-5075 Nitrogen Species RNS through monocyte interactions with brain endothelium; ROS manufacturing induces cytoskeletal rearrangements, loss of blood-brain blood BBB integrity, tight-junction alteration and the extravasation of leukocytes into the central nervous system (Van et al, 2011; Witherick et al, 2011). Aim of study The aim of this study focuses on determination 8-H2-dG, MDA and PON1 in multiple sclerosis disease and finds the relationship between newly marker 8-H-2-dG with MDA and PON1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects This study was performed on 25 female patients with age (25-35) years who diagnosed by physicians as a multiple sclerosis in Misan governorate. The patients compared with 25 apparently healthful in the identic rangel of age. In this study sample was collected five mL of venous bloods, placed in to plain tubes until coagulation was performed. Serum was separated from blood cells by centrifugation 4000 r.p.m. Assay method Determination of serum of 8-H-2-dG This assay that can be used for quantification of 8- H-2-dG in urine, cell culture, plasma and other sample matrices. The ELISA utilize an 8-H-2-dG coated plate and HRP- conjugated antibody or detection which allows for any assay range of 0.94-60 ng/mL, with sensitivity of 0.59 ng/mL. Determination of MDA The concentration of MDA,which is the consequence of lipid peroxidation and a marker of oxidative stress, was measured using thiobarbiturc acid. Determination of PON1 The quantitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) technique was employed for determination of PON1.
Objectives: Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is WNT/b-catenin pathway antagonist which plays a detrimental role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This research aimed to assess serum DKK-1 levels in diabetic patients who have and have not developed DR and, compare them with the control subjects finding out whether we can use it as an indicator for DR early diagnosis and to find out which one of the widely used two groups of antidiabetic treatments had the greater effect on this biomarker and hence on the progression of DR. Methods: The study participants were divided into two subgroups: First, 70 patients (36 male, 34 female) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, among them 35 patients diagnosed with DR and 35 with no evidence of DR, and s
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The aim of the present research is to study different protein fractions in sera of children and adolescent with β –thalassemia major and minor and to compare the results with that of healthy control.One hundred fifty children and adolescents were enrolled in this study,including 50 patients with β- thalassemia major , 50 patients with β- thalassemia minor as pathological control group and another apparently 50 healthy individuals as a control group. The age of all studied groups ranged from (4-18)years.Total protein, albumin and immunoglobulins were estimated in sera of all subjects. A Significant decrease was found in the total protein and albumin&nb
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New complexes were synthesized with Schiff base tetradentate ligand (L). The ligand was synthesized by the condensation reaction of the dimedone with 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide. The formula of complexes [M(L) (H2O)2].Cl2, where M represents Mn(II), Ni(II) Cu(II), [Co(L)Cl.H2O]Cl and [Zn(L)(H2O)2]Cl2.2H2O. The ligand was identified using m.p., UV-Vis, FT-IR, Mass, 1H-NMR, and C.H.N. These complexes were characterized using techniques including infrared, UV-Vis absorption, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), chloride content determination using Mohr’s method, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The measurements revealed that the complexes are electrolytic. FT-IR results dem
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Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease. Inflammation leads to joint damage and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a measure of inflammation in many diseases. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of NLR to detect inflammation in RA, and its correlation to RA disease activity indices and some hematological parameters. A cross-sectional study involving 24 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are using MTX participated in this study. All patients were clinically evaluated using disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS28) and simplified disease activity index (SDAI), whereas functional disability was assessed by health assessment questionnaire di
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Abstract Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent chronic microvascular diabetic complication. As inflammation plays a vital role in the development and progress of DN the macrophages migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory multifunctional cytokine approved to play a critical function in inflammatory responses in various pathologic situations like DN. This study aimed To assess serum levels of MIF in a sample of Iraqi diabetic patients with nephropathy supporting its validity as a marker for predicting nephropathy in T2DM patients. In addition, to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in terms of their influence on MIF levels. This is a case-control study involving ninety
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The synthesis, characterization and liquid crystalline properties of N4,N40 -bis((1 H-benzo[d]imidazol-2- yl)methyl)-3,30 -dimethyl-[1,10 -biphenyl]-4,40 -diamine and of their corresponding Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni (II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes are described. The ligand and complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements (meff), conductometric measurements and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1 H NMR), (13C-NMR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Spectral investigations suggested octahedral coordination geometrical arrangement for M(II) complexes. The phase transition temperatures were detected by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis and the phases are confirmed
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The synthesis, characterization and liquid crystalline properties of N4,N40-bis((1 H-benzo[d]imidazol-2- yl)methyl)-3,30-dimethyl-[1,10-biphenyl]-4,40-diamine and of their corresponding Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni (II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes are described. The ligand and complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements (meff), conductometric measurements and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), (13C-NMR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Spectral investigations suggested octahedral coordination geometrical arrangement for M(II) complexes. The phase transition temperatures were detected by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis and the phases are confirmed by op
... Show MoreThe synthesis, characterization and liquid crystalline properties of N4,N40-bis((1 H-benzo[d]imidazol-2- yl)methyl)-3,30-dimethyl-[1,10-biphenyl]-4,40-diamine and of their corresponding Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni (II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes are described. The ligand and complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements (meff), conductometric measurements and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), (13C-NMR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Spectral investigations suggested octahedral coordination geometrical arrangement for M(II) complexes. The phase transition temperatures were detected by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis and the phases are confirmed by op
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