Disease responses of eight wheat cultivars , Saber Beg. , Abu-Ghraib 3, Mexipak , Tamoz 2,Tamoz 3 , IPA 95 ,IPA 99 and Tahadi which were grown in four different sowing date , 25 th October , 19th September , 14th December and 8 January , to leaf rust disease caused by Puccinia recondita were investigated under natural infection conditions at the experimental farm , College of Agriculture , Abu-Ghraib, during the growing season of 1997-1998.Results of this study revealed that IPA 95, IPA 99 and Tahadi showed moderate resistant reaction, while Tamuz 3 was moderateley susceptable . Abu-Ghraib , Saber Beg, Tamuz 2 and Mexipak showed susceptible yeaction to the causal agent . The first sowing date was not suitable for disease progress in compars

Background: migraine is a chronic neurovascular disorder characterized by intermittent attacks of sever headache with or without aura that can include various combinations of neurological, gastrointestinal tract (G.I.T), and autonomic changes, without evidence of primary structural abnormalities. The Autonomic nervous system involvement suggested by many symptoms and signs including nausea, diarrhea, constipation, coldness in the extremities, paroxysmal tachycardia and chest pain.
Objectives: To evaluate autonomic functions in patients with migraine and to clarify the autonomic dysfunction weather its sympathetic, parasympathetic, or combined. Also to assess the severity of this dysfunction and its relation to age, gender and type of

Background : Bone infections is one of the most challenging orthopaedic complications, with considerable morbidity. There is significant impact on the life of the patients; socially, financially, physically, and mentally and it could be a limb-threatening complication. Osteomyelitis is a bone infection usually caused by bacteria, including mycobacteria, but mainly Staphylococcus aureus which is the most commonly responsible bacteria . Aim of study: To evaluate our management policy of chronic osteomylitis (C.O.M).
Methods : 32 patients presented with different types &forms of chronic osteomyelitis in many sites of long & flat bones such as tibia , femur, ,humerus ,iliac bones and knee joint , which are not response to previous

This study was carried out in Artificial Insemination Center of Iraq to revealed FMD disease effect on some seminal attributer parameters of 14 imported Holstein bulls divided to three groups according to different reproductive efficiency (four High, five medium and five weak). Results showed that FMD disease had significant (P < 0.05) adverse effect on most seminal attributer parameters, mass, individual motility and sperm concentration / ml during post disease in first of two, four, all months of high, medium and weak semen quality bulls respectively .but semen volume didn’t influenced significantly with this disease. So semen collection should be suspended until resume normal fertility of sperm, after two, four month of high and

       Background: viruses are responsible for a large proportion of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Other causes of LRTIs are bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus being the most common. Sputum samples are commonly used in the microbiological laboratory for diagnosing lower respiratory infections. Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the causative bacteria and antibiotics sensitivity in culture of sputum samples. Patients Methods: A retrospective study performed in the microbiology department of Al Immamin Al Kahdimin Medical laboratory in Baghdad. The results of sput

Multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the intergenic region between estrogen receptor 1 and CCDC170 (especially at rs3757318) are thought to be associated with breast cancer risk. additionally, the serum level of vitamin D is believed to be linked to different aspects of breast carcinogenesis.

It was aimed to understand the interleukin-4 (IL-4) role in etio-pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Two approaches were adopted. In the first one, a quantitative expression of IL4 gene was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and such findings were correlated with some demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters, which included gender, duration of disease, disease activity score (DAS-28), rheumatoid factors (RFs), C-reactive protein (CRP) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) antibodies. In the second approach, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of IL4 gene (rs2243250) was inspected by DNA sequencing using specific primers. Fifty-one Iraqi RA patients (22 males and 29 fem

The aim of this study was spot light to the possibility of confection between hepatitis C&G viruses in Iraqi patients. The groups was studied included two groups as follow: 1- first group: its (Infected group) the patients of this group have Anti-HCV abs in their serum by using Indirect ELISA technique. 2- second group: its (Control group) the persons of this group have no Anti-HCV abs in their serum by using indirect ELISA technique. The result of this study was observed there was two patients from the first group have Anti-HGVabs in their serum with infection percent 2.70%, also the same result was found in the second group wich mean there was two persons have Anti-HGVabs in their serum with infection percent 8.33% .So when we comparin

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral mucosal disorders with a prevalence of 50-66%. The prevalence of hematinic deficiencies including ferritin and vitamin B12 deficiencies and their role in the prophylaxis and development of RAS is not well known. Many studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of hematinic deficiencies in patients with RAS. This study aimed to compare the serum level of ferritin and vitamin B12 in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers and healthy controls. Subjects, Materials and Methods: The data were collected from patients who needed blood analysis to exclude anemia from November 2020 to May 2021. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. After recordi

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. The treatment guidelines recommend theuse of a second controller drug in addition to medium doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) rather than the use of high doses ICS alone in the treatment of moderate-severe persistent asthma. This study was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of three treatment regimens in Iraqi patients with moderate-severe persistent asthma.The study included three groups; each group included 15 patients. Patients were administered beclomethasone inhaler alone 1500-2000 μg/day, beclomethasone inhaler 750-1000 μg/day plus oral controlled release aminophylline tablets 450 mg/day or