Drug solubility and dissolution remain a significant challenge in pharmaceutical formulations. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate repanglinide (RPG) nanosuspension-based buccal fast-dissolving films (BDFs) for dissolution enhancement. RPG nanosuspension was prepared by the antisolvent-precipitation method using multiple hydrophilic polymers, including soluplus®, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, poloxamers, and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose. The nanosuspension was then directly loaded into BDFs using the solvent casting technique. Twelve formulas were prepared with a particle size range of 81.6-1389 nm and PDI 0.002-1 for the different polymers. Nanosuspensions prepared with soluplus showed a favored mean particle size of 82.6 ± 3.2 nm. The particles were spherical and non-aggregating, as demonstrated by SEM imaging. FTIR showed no interaction between soluplus and RPG. Faster dissolution occurred for the nanosuspension in comparison with pure RPG (complete release vs 60% within 30 min). The nanosuspension was successfully incorporated into BDFs. The optimum film formula showed 28 s disintegration time, and 97.3% RPG released within 10 min. Ex-vivo permeation profiles revealed improved RPG nanosuspension permeation with the cumulative amount of RPG permeated is103.4% ± 10.1 and a flux of 0.00275 mg/cm2/min compared to 39.3% ± 9.57 and a flux of 0.001058 mg/cm2/min for pure RPG. RPG was successfully formulated into nanosuspension that boosted drug dissolution and permeation. The selection of the ultimate NP formula was driven by optimal particle size, distribution, and drug content. Soluplus NPs were shown to be the successful formulations, which were further incorporated into a buccal film. The film was evaluated for ex-vivo permeation, confirming successful RPG formulation with improved performance compared to pure drugs.
Recently personal recommender system has spread fast, because of its role in helping users to make their decision. Location-based recommender systems are one of these systems. These systems are working by sensing the location of the person and suggest the best services to him in his area. Unfortunately, these systems that depend on explicit user rating suffering from cold start and sparsity problems. The proposed system depends on the current user position to recommend a hotel to him, and on reviews analysis. The hybrid sentiment analyzer consists of supervised sentiment analyzer and the second stage is lexicon sentiment analyzer. This system has a contribute over the sentiment analyzer by extracting the aspects that users have been ment
... Show MoreVoice denoising is the process of removing undesirable voices from the voice signal. Within the environmental noise and after the application of speech recognition system, the discriminative model finds it difficult to recognize the waveform of the voice signal. This is due to the fact that the environmental noise needs to use a suitable filter that does not affect the shaped waveform of the input microphone. This paper plans to build up a procedure for a discriminative model, using infinite impulse response filter (Butterworth filter) and local polynomial approximation (Savitzky-Golay) smoothing filter that is a polynomial regression on the signal values. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) was calculated after filtering to compare the results
... Show MoreVisible light communication (VLC) is an upcoming wireless technology for next-generation communication for high-speed data transmission. It has the potential for capacity enhancement due to its characteristic large bandwidth. Concerning signal processing and suitable transceiver design for the VLC application, an amplification-based optical transceiver is proposed in this article. The transmitter consists of a driver and laser diode as the light source, while the receiver contains a photodiode and signal amplifying circuit. The design model is proposed for its simplicity in replacing the trans-impedance and transconductance circuits of the conventional modules by a simple amplification circuit and interface converter. Th
... Show MoreIntelligent systems can be used to build systems that simulate human behavior. One such system is lip reading. Hence, lip reading is considered one of the hardest problems in image analysis, and thus machine learning is used to solve this problem, which achieves remarkable results, especially when using a deep neural network, in which it dives deeply into the texture of any input. Microlearning is the new trend in E-learning. It is based on small pieces of information to make the learning process easier and more productive. In this paper, a proposed system for multi-layer lip reading is presented. The proposed system is based on micro content (letters) to achieve the lip reading process using deep learning and auto-correction mo
... Show MorePC-based controller is an approach to control systems with Real-Time parameters by controlling selected manipulating variable to accomplish the objectives. Shell and tube heat exchanger have been identified as process models that are inherently nonlinear and hard to control due to unavailability of the exact models’ descriptions. PC and analogue input output card will be used as the controller that controls the heat exchanger hot stream to the desired temperature.
The control methodology by using four speed pump as manipulating variable to control the temperature of the hot stream to cool to the desired temperature.
In this work, the dynamics of cross flow shell and tube heat exchanger is modeled from step changes in cold water f
Implementation of TSFS (Transposition, Substitution, Folding, and Shifting) algorithm as an encryption algorithm in database security had limitations in character set and the number of keys used. The proposed cryptosystem is based on making some enhancements on the phases of TSFS encryption algorithm by computing the determinant of the keys matrices which affects the implementation of the algorithm phases. These changes showed high security to the database against different types of security attacks by achieving both goals of confusion and diffusion.
Steganography involves concealing information by embedding data within cover media and it can be categorized into two main domains: spatial and frequency. This paper presents two distinct methods. The first is operating in the spatial domain which utilizes the least significant bits (LSBs) to conceal a secret message. The second method is the functioning in the frequency domain which hides the secret message within the LSBs of the middle-frequency band of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients. These methods enhance obfuscation by utilizing two layers of randomness: random pixel embedding and random bit embedding within each pixel. Unlike other available methods that embed data in sequential order with a fixed amount.
... Show MoreSolar cells has been assembly with electrolytes including I−/I−3 redox duality employ polyacrylonitrile (PAN), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), with double iodide salts of tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and Lithium iodide (LiI) and iodine (I2) were thoughtful for enhancing the efficiency of the solar cells. The rendering of the solar cells has been examining by alteration the weight ratio of the salts in the electrolyte. The solar cell with electrolyte comprises (60% wt. TBAI/40% wt. LiI (+I2)) display elevated efficiency of 5.189% under 1000 W/m2 light intensity. While the solar cell with electrolyte comprises (60% wt. LiI/40% wt. TBAI (+I2)) display a lower efficiency of 3.189%. The conductivity raises with the
... Show MoreAgent technology has a widespread usage in most of computerized systems. In this paper agent technology has been applied to monitor wear test for an aluminium silicon alloy which is used in automotive parts and gears of light loads. In addition to wear test monitoring، porosity effect on
wear resistance has been investigated. To get a controlled amount of porosity, the specimens have
been made by powder metallurgy process with various pressures (100, 200 and 600) MPa. The aim of
this investigation is a proactive step to avoid the failure occurrence by the porosity.
A dry wear tests have been achieved by subjecting three reciprocated loads (1000, 1500 and 2000)g
for three periods (10, 45 and 90)min. The weight difference a