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Assessment of Health Beliefs Among Iraqi Breast Cancer Patients in Baghdad using either Tamoxifen or Trastuzumab
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Breast cancer is the most diagnosed form of malignant tumour in Iraqi women. Tamoxifen and trastuzumab are highly effective adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. This study's objectives were to define the patient's belief in tamoxifen or trastuzumab when used as adjuvant therapy and to determine the variation in belief between the two medications in a sample of Iraqi breast cancer patients. The cross-section survey was conducted using the BMQ-Specific questionnaire. Ninety-seven participants (sixty-seven tamoxifen, thirty trastuzumab) participated in this study. The mean of specific-necessity scale for tamoxifen was (3.7) and for trastuzumab (4). The findings showed a high necessity for both medicines, and there were no significant differences in the scale of necessity between the two treatments. Regarding the scale of concern, the trastuzumab group's values are higher (3.35) than tamoxifen (3). Most participants who use tamoxifen or trastuzumab strongly agree with or agree with all the questions on the necessity scale with higher percentages for trastuzumab. Besides, the concern scale results showed the percentage of patients who agree / strongly agree is higher in the trastuzumab group. For the correlation between the need or concern score, the result showed only one significant negative correlation (R=-0.366, P-value=0.011) between the necessity score and the age of the participants for tamoxifen users. In Conclusion, this survey clearly showed a high level of necessity and a high level of concern regarding the use of two effective adjuvant therapy for women with breast cancer, tamoxifen and trastuzumab. Furthermore, this study shows that while the level of need for tamoxifen is higher than for trastuzumab, there were no significant variations between them.

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 07 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Effect of Using Computer in Getting and Remaining Information at Students of First Stage in Biology Subject
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Effect of Using Computer in Getting and Remaining Information at Students of First Stage in Biology Subject MIAAD NATHIM RASHEED LECTURER Abstract The recent research goal is to know the influence of computer use to earn and fulfillment information for students of first class in biology material and to achieve that put many of the zeroing hypothesis by researcher as follow: There were no differences between statistical signs at level (0,05) between the average students' marks who they were study by using computer and between the average student ' marks who they were study in classical method of earning and fulfillment. The researcher chose the intentional of the medical technical institute that included of two branches the first class (A

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Using Classification of Brown risks in Evaluation of the internal control system: Application Research in Karbala University
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Internal control system is a safety valve that preserves economic units assets and ensure the accuracy of financial data, as well as to obligation in the laws, regulations, administrative policies ,and improve the efficiency, effectiveness and economic of operation, so it has become imperative for these units attention to internal and developed control system The research problem in exposure the economic units when the exercise of their business to many of the risks to growth or hinder the achievement of its objectives and the risks (financial, operational, strategy, risk) and not it rely on risk Assessment according to modern scientific methods, as in Brown's risk Classification, Which led to the weakness of the internal control identif

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun May 22 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education (int-jecs)
The image of Al-Shuhada'a Establishment among the families of martyrs, victims of terrorism, war operations and military mistakes
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This research (The families of martyrs, victims of terrorism, war operations and military mistakes opinion about Al- Shuhada`a Establishment ) came to know and diagnose the mental image the martyrs victims of terrorism carries about the performance of Al- Shuhada`a Establishment and the services it provides to them, and to monitor the contents of that image that they had regarding their privileges and rights that Al- Shuhada`a Establishment supposed to give it to them, according to their law. The research problem was represented by the main question: (What is the image of Al- Shuhada`a Establishment among the families of martyrs, victims of terrorism, war operations and military mistakes), and this research was classified within the d

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 13 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Determination of the effect of stress on the salivary cortisol level among sample of university students having myofacial pain
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Background: Psychological stress is considered the major etiological factor precipitating myofacial pain and temporomandibular disorders.It is known that stress induce various adaptational responses of physiologic systems. The process includes increase in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which promotes cortisol secretion. Salivary cortisol has been used as a measure of free circulating cortisol levels.The use of salivary biomarkers has gained increased popularity since collecting samples is non-invasive and painless. The aim of thisstudy was to evaluate the level of cortisol in saliva among sample of university students having myofacial pain, during the final exam period and whether this finding could have a significa

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 30 2023
Journal Name
مجلة نسق
The Effectiveness of a Program Based on the Theory of the Five Minds in Developing Focused Reading and Extensive Reading Skills among Second-Year Middle School Students
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 23 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of the (PEOE) Model in Teaching Science to Develop the Skills of Generating and Evaluating Information and the Scientific Sense among Intermediate First Grade Students
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The research aimed mainly to discover the effectiveness of the (PEOE) model in teaching science to develop the skills of generating and evaluating information and the emotional side of the scientific sense of the intermediate first grade students. An experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design called pre-test and post-test control design was used. The research sample consisted of (60) students, who were selected in a random cluster method, (30) students in the experimental group studied the unit "The Nature of Material" using the (PEOE) model, and (30) students in the control group studied according to the prevailing method of teaching. The research materials and tools were represented in: a teacher's guide for teaching the un

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 31 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Image segmentation by using thresholding technique in two stages
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Image segmentation can be defined as a cutting or segmenting process of the digital image into many useful points which are called segmentation, that includes image elements contribute with certain attributes different form Pixel that constitute other parts. Two phases were followed in image processing by the researcher in this paper. At the beginning, pre-processing image on images was made before the segmentation process through statistical confidence intervals that can be used for estimate of unknown remarks suggested by Acho & Buenestado in 2018. Then, the second phase includes image segmentation process by using "Bernsen's Thresholding Technique" in the first phase. The researcher drew a conclusion that in case of utilizing

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-nahrain University
HIDDEN FEATURES DETECTION USING HISTOGRAM MODIFICATION IN MRI IMAGES
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses magnetization and radio waves, rather than x-rays to make very detailed, cross- sectional pictures of the brain. In this work we are going to explain some procedures belongs contrast and brightness improvement which is very important in the improvement the image quality such as the manipulation with the image histogram. Its has been explained in this worked the histogram shrink i.e. reducing the size of the gray level gives a dim low contrast picture is produced, where, the histogram stretching of the gray level was distributed on a wide scale but there is no increase in the number of pixels in the bright region. The histogram equalization has also been discuss together with its effects of the improveme

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Applied Mathematics & Statistical Sciences
Topological Structures Using Mixed Degree Systems in Graph Theory
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This paper is concerned with introducing and studying the M-space by using the mixed degree systems which are the core concept in this paper. The necessary and sufficient condition for the equivalence of two reflexive M-spaces is super imposed. In addition, the m-derived graphs, m-open graphs, m-closed graphs, m-interior operators, m-closure operators and M-subspace are introduced. From an M-space, a unique supratopological space is introduced. Furthermore, the m-continuous (m-open and m-closed) functions are defined and the fundamental theorem of the m-continuity is provided. Finally, the m-homeomorphism is defined and some of its properties are investigated.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Ciphered Text Hiding in an Image using RSA algorithm
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In this paper, a method for hiding cipher text in an image file is introduced . The
proposed method is to hide the cipher text message in the frequency domain of the image.
This method contained two phases: the first is embedding phase and the second is extraction
phase. In the embedding phase the image is transformed from time domain to frequency
domain using discrete wavelet decomposition technique (Haar). The text message encrypted
using RSA algorithm; then Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm used to hide secret message
in high frequency. The proposed method is tested in different images and showed success in
hiding information according to the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) measure of the the
original ima

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