A new reversed phase- high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous extraction and determination of organic acids present in Iraqi calyces of Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. The method is based on using ultrasonic bath for extracting organic acids. Limit of detection in µg/ml of Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid 126.8498×10-6, 113.6005×10-6, 97.0513×10-6, 49.7925×10-6, 84.0753×10-6, 92.6551×10-6, and 106.1633×10-6 ,respectively. The concentration of organic acids found in dry spacemen of calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. under study: Formic acid, Acetic acid,

The effect of heat treatment on the optical properties of the bulk heterojunction blend nickel (II) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt and Tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) Aluminum (NiPcTs/Alq3) thin films which prepared by spin coating was described in this study. The films coated on a glass substrate with speed of 1500 rpm for 1.5 min and treated with different annealing temperature (373, 423 and 473) K. The samples characterized using UV-Vis, X ray diffraction and Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, XRD patterns indicated the presence of amorphous and polycrystalline blend (NiPcTs/Alq3). The results of UV visible shows that the band gap increase with increasing the annealing temperature up to 373 K and decreases with

     The open hole well log data (Resistivity, Sonic, and Gamma Ray) of well X in Euphrates subzone within the Mesopotamian basin are applied to detect the total organic carbon (TOC) of Zubair Formation in the south part of Iraq. The mathematical interpretation of the logs parameters helped in detecting the TOC and source rock productivity. As well, the quantitative interpretation of the logs data leads to assigning to the organic content and source rock intervals identification. The reactions of logs in relation to the increasing of TOC can be detected through logs parameters. By this way, the TOC can be predicted with an increase in gamma-ray, sonic, neutron, and resistivity, as well as a decrease in the density log

Abstract: In the present work, the heat transfer of Nano Aluminum Oxide -NAO- has been studied practically to define the appropriate insulation conditions.  This study focuses on finding of the amount of heat transfer through a glass substrate that is coated with nanoalumina doped on PMMA matrix. The optical and thermal properties were systematically investigated. The density of heat flow rate, was calculated in the range values (240-260) W/m2 while the optimum values confine between (250-260) W/m2 at temp. (25-35)C^o. The results showed that the thermal insulation of the sample was significantly enhanced at temp. (30-50)C^o. The simulated net heat transfer through window decreased linearly with incr

      Let R be a commutative ring with unity. And let E be a unitary R-module. This paper introduces the notion of 2-prime submodules as a generalized concept of 2-prime ideal, where proper submodule H of module F over a ring R is said to be 2-prime if , for r R and x F implies that  or . we prove many properties for this kind of submodules, Let H is a submodule of module F over a ring R then H is a 2-prime submodule if and only if [N ] is a 2-prime submodule of E, where r R. Also, we prove that if F is a non-zero multiplication module, then [K: F] [H: F] for every submodule k of F such that H K. Furthermore, we will study the basic properties of this kind of submodules.

This paper presents a new algorithm in an important research field which is the semantic word similarity estimation. A new feature-based algorithm is proposed for measuring the word semantic similarity for the Arabic language. It is a highly systematic language where its words exhibit elegant and rigorous logic. The score of sematic similarity between two Arabic words is calculated as a function of their common and total taxonomical features. An Arabic knowledge source is employed for extracting the taxonomical features as a set of all concepts that subsumed the concepts containing the compared words. The previously developed Arabic word benchmark datasets are used for optimizing and evaluating the proposed algorithm. In this paper,

In this paper, a new modification was proposed to enhance the security level in the Blowfish algorithm by increasing the difficulty of cracking the original message which will lead to be safe against unauthorized attack. This algorithm is a symmetric variable-length key, 64-bit block cipher and it is implemented using gray scale images of different sizes. Instead of using a single key in cipher operation, another key (KEY2) of one byte length was used in the proposed algorithm which has taken place in the Feistel function in the first round both in encryption and decryption processes. In addition, the proposed modified Blowfish algorithm uses five Sboxes instead of four; the additional key (KEY2) is selected randomly from additional Sbox

The multicast technology implements a very high-efficiency point-to-multipoint data transmission over IP networks (IPv4 and IPv6). Multicast reduces network load, eliminates traffic redundancy, and saves network bandwidth. Therefore, multicast used widely in LAN/WAN applications such as online games, video conferencing and IPTV. The multicast technology implements varied protocols such as DVMRP(Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol), MOSPF(Multicast Open Shortest Path First), or PIM-DM (Protocol Independent Multicast- Dense Mode) which considered source tree type, while PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast- Sparse Mode) and CBT (Core Based Tree) uses shared tree. Current paper focuses on the performance evaluation of the two multi