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Synthesis of Mn-Co-Ni Composite Electrode by Anodic and Cathodic Electrodeposition for Indirect Electro-oxidation of Phenol – Optimization of the Removal by Response Surface Methodology
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In the present work, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize process variables and find the best circumstances for indirect electrochemical oxidation of mimicked wastewater to remove phenol contaminants using prepared ternary composite electrode. The electrodeposition process is used for the synthesis of a ternary composite electrode of Mn, Co, and Ni oxides. The selected concentrations of metal salts of these elements were 0.05, 0.1, and 1.5 M, with constant molar ratio, current density, and electrolysis time of 1:1:1, 25 mA/cm2, and 2 h. Interestedly, the gathered Mn-Co-Ni oxides were deposited at both the anode and cathode. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) facilitated the qualitative characterization of surface structure and morphology of the accumulated oxides. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) provided a semi-quantitative analysis of deposit composition. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) apparatus quantified the roughness. We examined the efficiency of composite electrodes in coinciding with the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) under current densities of 40, 60, and 80 mA/cm2, pH values of 3, 4, and 5, and NaCl concentrations of 1, 1.5, 2 g/l. RSM covered the optimization of process parameters in conjunction with Central Composite Design (CCD). The COD represented the response function in the optimization procedure. The optimal current density, NaCl concentration, and pH magnitude were 80 mA/cm2, 1.717 g/l, and 3, respectively. The efficiency of COD elimination of 99.925% attained after 1 hour of indirect electrochemical oxidation with an energy consumption of 152.380 kWh per kilogram of COD. The COD elimination model is significant based on the correlation coefficient (R2) and F-values, and the experimental data fitted well to a second-order polynomial model with R2 of 98.93%.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 18 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
In Vitro Bioremediation: A Development Process of Cadmium and Mercury Removal by Environmental Biotechnologies of UV-Mutated Escherichia coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis 168
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  1. coli K12 and B. subtilis 168 were investigated for their cadmium and mercury tolerance abilities. They were developed by UV mutagenesis technique to increase their tolerances either to cadmium or mercury, and their names then were designated depend on the name and concentration of metals. E. coli K12 Cd3R exhibited bioremediation amount of 6.5 mg Cd/g dry biomass cell. At the same time, its wild-type (E. coli K12 Cd3) was able to remove 5.2 mg Cd/g dry biomass cell in treatment of 17 mg Cd /L within 72 hours of incubation at 37 °C (pH=7) in vitro assays. The results show that E.coli K12 Hg 20 was able to remove 0.050 µg Hg/g dry biomass cell
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of Co-Polymer (Styrene / Allyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) and Studying some of its thermal properties
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In this research, a Co-polymer (Styrene / Allyl-2.3.4.6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) was synthesized from glucose in four steps using Addition Polymerization according to the radical mechanism using Benzoyl Peroxide (BP) as initiator. Initially, Allyl-2.3.4.6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside monomer was prepared in three steps and the reaction was followed by (HPLC, FT-IR, TLC), in the fourth step the monomer was polymerized with Styrene and the structure was determined by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. The reaction conditions (temperature, reaction time, material ratios) were also studied to obtain the highest yield, the relative, specific and reduced viscosity of the prepared polymer was determined, from which the viscosity ave

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The history of rational thought for the investment by human capital and the investing in it.
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The investment however "was its description and meaning, it remains a resident" in the composition of capital assets located in the forefront of the creation of productive assets, and this means that the investment in the productive sectors is a priority in achieving capital accumulation, on any other investment that takes place with the stages of advanced development of formation , not forgetting "to humans and investment humans as head of real money product, the source of the economic surplus and accumulation, and the source of producing values, and if human labor was the source of value, and the human was the source of work, therefore humanitarian work on different levels and skills presents capital", so the investment in huma

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2011
Journal Name
Desalination
Cathodic protection system of copper–zinc–saline water in presence of bacteria
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Rate of zinc consumption during the cathodic protection of copper pipeline which carries saline water was measured by weight loss technique in the absence and presence of bacteria. Variables studied were solution flow rate, temperature, time and NaCl concentration. It was found that within the present range of variables; the rate of zinc consumption increases with the increase of all operating conditions. The presence of bacteria increases the zinc consumption. Fourth order multi-term model and one-term model were suggested to represent the consumption data. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to estimate the coefficients of these models, while statistical analysis was used to determine the effect of each coefficient. Both models were re

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Results In Engineering
Push-out test of eco-friendly steel-concrete–steel composite sections enhanced by polypropylene fibers: An experimental study and statistical analysis
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Steel-concrete-steel (SCS) structural element solutions are rising due to their advantages over conventional reinforced concrete in terms of cost and strength. The impact of SCS sections with various core materials on the structural performance of composites has not yet been fully explored experimentally, and in this work, both slag and polypropylene fibers were incorporated in producing eco-friendly steel-concrete-steel composite sections. This study examined the ductility, ultimate strength, failure modes, and energy absorption capacities of steel-concrete-steel filled with eco-friendly concrete, enhanced by polypropylene fiber (PPF) to understand its impact on modern structural projects. Eco-friendly concrete was produced by the partial

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis AgO Nanoparticles by Nd:Yag Laser with Different Pulse Energies
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     One technique used to prepare nanoparticles material is Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL), Silver Oxide nanoparticles (AgO) were prepared by using  this technique, where silver target was submerged in ultra-pure water (UPW)  at room temperature after that Nd:Yag laser which characteristics by 1064 nm wavelength, Q-switched, and 6ns pulse duration was used to irradiated silver target. This preparation method was used to study the effects of laser irradiation on Nanoparticles synthesized by used varying laser pulse energy 1000 mJ, 500 mJ, and 100 mJ, with 500 pulses each time on the particle size. Nanoparticles are characterized using XRD, SEM, AFM, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. All the structural peaks determined by the XRD

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effects of Machining Parameters on Surface Roughness for Free Form Surface Using Taguchi Method
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The surface finish of the machining part is the mostly important characteristics of products quality and its indispensable customers’ requirement. Taguchi robust parameters designs for optimizing for surface finish in turning of 7025 AL-Alloy using carbide cutting tool has been utilized in this paper. Three machining variables namely; the machining speeds (1600, 1900, and 2200) rpm, depth of cut (0.25, 0.50, 0.75) mm and the feed rates (0.12, 0.18, 0.24) mm/min utilized in the experiments. The other variables were considered as constants. The mean surface finish was utilized as a measuring of surface quality. The results clarified that increasing the speeds reduce the surface roughness, while it rises with increasing the depths and fee

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Publication Date
Fri May 01 2009
Journal Name
Atti Della “fondazione Giorgio Ronchi”
Study of synthesis of nanocrystalline CdS thin film in PVA matrix by chemical bath deposition
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SUMMARY. – Nanocrystalline thin fi lms of CdS are deposited on glass substrate by chemical bath deposited technique using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix solution. Crystallite size of the nanocrystalline films are determining from broading of X-ray diffraction lines and are found to vary from 0.33-0.52 nm, an increase of molarity the grain size decreases which turns increases the band gap. The band gap of nanocrystalline material is determined from the UV spectrograph. The absorption edge and absorption coefficient increases when the molarity increases and shifted towards the lower wavelength.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Conflict investigation methodology Between the news and the work of the people of the city
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Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds and prayers to our master and our beloved Muhammad and to his God and companions.
The Sunnah of the prophet completed the prayer and delivery agreed to accept them as evidence of legislation, and the fundamentalists differed in accepting the news of Sundays in the pieces, and most likely if the hadeeth is proven, and completed the correct conditions there is no objection to accept it in branches and pieces. As for the work of the people of the city is one of the evidence adopted when the imam Malik, who is the Imam of the House of the Prophet's blessed immigration, and scientists differ greatly. If you offer a ruling and the ruling of the Hadith of the individual, and the rule of the work of the

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 20 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Novel Co-Precipitation method for synthesis of Nanostructured Nickel Oxide in accordance to PH: Structural and Optical Properties as an Active optical filter
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      Low cost Co-Precipitation  method was used for Preparation of novel nickel oxide (NiO) nano particle thin films with Simple, with two different PH values 6, 12 and its effect on structural and optical properties as an active optical filter. Experimental results of structural properties X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that both Nickel oxide nanoparticles with (PH=6 and 12) have polycrystalline structure smaller average particle size about 8.5 nm for PH=6 in comparison with PH=12. Morphological studies using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and  atomic force microscope (AFM)  show uniform nano rod distribution for PH=6 with smaller average diameter, average roughness as compared with NiO with

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