Background: Although radiological diagnostic studies (RDS) are an important and acceptable part of medical practice, it is not without hazards. It is associated with increased risk of cancer. Unfortunately the typical and safe dose of each radiological examination is not known. Most of our knowledge of cancer risk comes from studies of survivors of those exposed to whole body radiation from atomic bomb in Hiroshima & Nagasaki, jobs associated with radiation exposure, Chernobyl survivors & patients treated with radiation therapy for cancer and other diseases.

 Objectives   To estimate radiation dose received by patients from diagnostic radiological examinations and lifetime

    The current study was designed to investigate the occurrence of aflatoxin B1 in thirty two samples of fish feedstuff were collected randomly from some Iraqi local markets using ELISA technique. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in thirty samples and the concentration of toxin ranged from 50 ppb to 1000 ppb.  

   Microwave and ozone were used for detoxification of aflatoxin B1 from sample with highest concentration (1000 ppb), two degree of temperature and two times (50°C and 100°C for 5 minute and 10 minute to each degree) of microwave, also two doses and two times (2 g and 4 g for 5 minute and 10 minute to each dose) of ozone gas were used.

   Degradation of aflatoxin B1 by

   The study have been conducted to estimated the  concentration levels of heavy metals  in samples  of solid particles residue which collected randomly from street dust that produced  with neglected municipality wastes  in Baghdad City. Samples were collecting from services and dwelling street in Elmashtal region in Resapha side and Albaya regions in Karkh side at Baghdad City, regions characterized with different activities, a qualities analysis for the compounds doing with the following tests: 1- By using soil sieves was fragmented and limited the particulates of dust especially the dangerous types which associated with dust compounds and air pollution. 2- Digesting and analyzing of samples have been

In this study, we investigated the ability of nanoliposomes preparation, as a nanoadjuvant, to entrap soluble Leismania donovani antigens (SLAs) and release in vitro. The parasite reactivation was carried out when inoculated into Rosewell park memorial institute media (RPMI) and incubated at 23 °C for 4 days. L. donovani promastigote inoculum (104 cell / ml) of 4 days was used to inoculate modified medium of Saline - Neopeptone and Blood agar 9 (SNB 9) to produce promastigote mass. SLAs were extracted from the promastigotes ghost membrane after fourth passages of subculturing in SNB. The membrane pellet obtained was suspended in 5 mM Tris buffer (pH 7.6) and sonicated three times at 4 °C and entrapped in freshly prepared nanoliposomes.

Proteus mirabilis ? -lactamase of local isolates number 4TF represent karkh side and 20TF represent rusafa side of Baghdad were extracted and purified 23.17, 25.23 fold with yield of 36.66 %, 37.5% and specific activity 11.8, 12.6 of unit/ mg protein by DEAE –cellulose and Sepharose 4B (respectively ).Molecular weight of both enzyme was about 35500 Dalton determined by gel filtration. The study indicated that the isoelectric point of purified ? -lactamase that extracted from isolate number 4TF and 20TF was 5.4.

The attached Cyanophyta community is a model for monitoring aquatic systems and interpreting environmental change in aquatic systems. The present study aims to conduct a seasonal study on Cyanophyta attached to the concrete abutments of three bridges (Al-Jadriya Bridge, Bab Al-Moadam Bridge, and Al-Muthanna Bridge) in the Tigris River within the city of Baghdad, central Iraq (from October 2021 to June 2022). The study included the quality of Cyanophyta and, the eleven environmental parameters (water temperature, electric conductivity, salinity, pH, total alkalinity, Calcium, Magnesium, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen). Monthly samples were taken from the water under each bridge from three sa

The species of Opilio kakunini Snegovaya, Cokendolpher & Mozaffarian, 2018 was recorded for the first time in Iraq; as well as to four species belonging to this order which were recorded previously. In this paper, we added a new species to the checklist of Iraqi opilionid fauna with a description of the most important characteristics, along with genitalia, for both males and females are presented with digital photographs. Specimens of males and females were collected from Al- Rifai district northern of Dhi-Qar Province, southern of Iraq.
 

 The quality of industrial water from (Babil / 2 batteries factory in Baghdad) was  investigated, and evaluated the physical and chemical characteristics of the water discharged from sections ALShahen , final collection sank. The values were represented by pH, electrical conductivity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand ,total suspended solid, total dissolved solid, sulfate, chloride and heavy metal. The sample  of water collocated  by  two samples per month for 6 months  was taking during the period from Novembers 2013 to May 2014. The results show that industrial waste water factory contains contaminations and has varying value rates the average of PH,EC, TDS, SO4, COD, Pb, Zn, for the final c

Due to the importance of the extraction process in many engineering and medical industries, in addition to great interest in medicinal plants, in this research, microwave-assisted extraction has been applied to extract some active compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis leaves.  The optimal extraction conditions were then determined by calculating the ratio and extraction efficiency. The process has also been described through kinetic study by applying five  kinetic models, the Hyperbolic diffusion model,  Power low model, the First order reaction  model, Elovich's model, and Fick's second law diffusion model and determining their compatibility with the studies operation, and determining the kinetic constants for each model. The result

Specific microorganisms can produce bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), with acetic acid bacteria (AAB) being the most active producer. The family Acetobacteraceae includes the obligate aerobic, motile acetic acid bacteria. The BNC has attracted a lot of interest across a wide range of industries, including pharmaceuticals, due to its flexible characteristics, properties, and advantages. The present study was conducted to purify and characterize BNC produced from AAB isolated from apple vinegar. Bacterial nanocellulose was synthesized using a natural date palm liquid medium at pH 6 at 30°C for 8–10 days. The bacterial cellulose produced was then purified using a technique involving 0.1 M sodium hydroxide. To ascertain the surface mor