Sewer sediment deposition is an important aspect as it relates to several operational and environmental problems. It concerns municipalities as it affects the sewer system and contributes to sewer failure which has a catastrophic effect if happened in trunks or interceptors. Sewer rehabilitation is a costly process and complex in terms of choosing the method of rehabilitation and individual sewers to be rehabilitated. For such a complex process, inspection techniques assist in the decision-making process; though, it may add to the total expenditure of the project as it requires special tools and trained personnel. For developing countries, Inspection could prohibit the rehabilitation proceeds. In this study, the researchers proposed an alternative method for sewer sediment accumulation calculation using predictive models harnessing multiple linear regression model (MLRM) and artificial neural network (ANN). AL-Thawra trunk sewer in Baghdad city is selected as a case study area; data from a survey done on this trunk is used in the modeling process. Results showed that MLRM is acceptable, with an adjusted coefficient of determination (adj. R2) in order of 89.55%. ANN model found to be practical with R2 of 82.3% and fit the data better throughout its range. Sensitivity analysis showed that the flow is the most influential parameter on the depth of sediment deposition.
Reducing the drag force has become one of the most important concerns in the automotive industry. This study concentrated on reducing drag through use of some external modifications of passive flow control, such as vortex generators, rear under body diffuser slices and a rear wing spoiler. The study was performed at inlet velocity (V=10,20,30,40 m/s) which correspond to an incompressible car model length Reynolds numbers (Re=2.62×105, 5.23×105, 7.85×105 and 10.46×105), respectively and we studied their effect on the drag force. We also present a theoretical study finite volume method (FVM) of solvi
This paper describes DC motor speed control based on optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique. Controller's objective is to maintain the speed of rotation of the motor shaft with a particular step response.The controller is modeled in MATLAB environment, the simulation results show that the proposed controller gives better performance and less settling time when compared with the traditional PID controller.
Modeling forward kinematics with neural networks allows for efficient handling of nonlinear relationships and realistic error correction in time-critical applications by relying on accurate training data. This paper presents a Multi-Layer Feed-Forward Neural Network (MLFFNN) to solve the forward kinematics of a 3-DOF robot. The proposed MLFFNN consists of 50 hidden neurons and was trained using 628319 samples to find only the position (x, y, z) of the end-effector. Data were generated by MATLAB, assuming an incremental motion of joints. The joint variables ( , , and ) are the inputs of the NN, which outputs the positions of the end effector (x, y, z) calculated using the Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) method. The results demonstrate that t
... Show MoreUnconfined Compressive Strength is considered the most important parameter of rock strength properties affecting the rock failure criteria. Various research have developed rock strength for specific lithology to estimate high-accuracy value without a core. Previous analyses did not account for the formation's numerous lithologies and interbedded layers. The main aim of the present study is to select the suitable correlation to predict the UCS for hole depth of formation without separating the lithology. Furthermore, the second aim is to detect an adequate input parameter among set wireline to determine the UCS by using data of three wells along ten formations (Tanuma, Khasib, Mishrif, Rumaila, Ahmady, Maudud, Nahr Um
... Show MoreApple slice grading is useful in post-harvest operations for sorting, grading, packaging, labeling, processing, storage, transportation, and meeting market demand and consumer preferences. Proper grading of apple slices can help ensure the quality, safety, and marketability of the final products, contributing to the post-harvest operations of the overall success of the apple industry. The article aims to create a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify images of apple slices after immersing them in atmospheric plasma at two different pressures (1 and 5 atm) and two different immersion times (3 and again 6 min) once and in filtered water based on the hardness of the slices usin
This study is dedicated to solving multicollinearity problem for the general linear model by using Ridge regression method. The basic formulation of this method and suggested forms for Ridge parameter is applied to the Gross Domestic Product data in Iraq. This data has normal distribution. The best linear regression model is obtained after solving multicollinearity problem with the suggesting of 10 k value.
The main purpose of this research is to diagnose the role of the Knowledge Accumulation of Human Resources KAHR in Strategic Performance SP, and for that, the research was applied to the represented sample by the administrative leaders consisting of (108) individuals distributed according to their positions and the organizational structure of the ministry. Correlations, effects, and benefits from generalizing the results in the field of research. The research involved a mixed-methods approach through two stages. During the first stage, the researcher gathered quantitative data from a questionnaire. The second stage gathered qualitative data to explore the survey results more deeply by conducting individual interviews with a sub-sample of
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