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The External Political Impacts of Rescheduling Iraq’s Debts Post-2003
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After 2003, Iraq underwent a profound political and economic transformation, accompanied by various challenges, including the burden of accumulated external debt. The post-regime government restructured Iraq’s debt within the framework of the ‘Paris Club’ and through bilateral negotiations with creditor countries. The debt rescheduling aimed to alleviate the financial burden and reintegrate Iraq into the global financial system, but this process was conditional upon implementing economic and political reforms. External political factors played a crucial role in debt rescheduling. Decisions regarding rescheduling were influenced by the political motives of major powers seeking to achieve strategic gains in Iraq. Additionally, the United States and its partners imposed conditions related to reconstruction, regional stability and the safeguarding of their strategic interests in the post-war era. These political interventions affected the course of the economic process and sparked discussions about national sovereignty and the influence of external powers in shaping Iraq’s economic policies. The study, conducted through a descriptive–analytical method, concluded that the rescheduling of Iraq’s debt was more than just an economic process; it reflected the deep interconnection between international politics and economics in the context of rebuilding a post-conflict state.

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Diagnostic Value Of Post Exercise Systolic Blood Pressure Response In Ischemic Heart Disease
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 Background: The normal decline in systolic blood pressure during recovery phase of treadmill exercise dose not occur in most patients with coronary artery disease, in others recovery values systolic blood pressure may even exceed the peak exercise value. Objectives: Treadmill exercise test parameters indicating the presence and extent of coronary artery disease have traditionally included such as exercise duration, blood pressure and ST-segment response to exercise. The three –minute systolic blood pressure ratio is another important indicator of presence and significance of coronary artery disease is useful and obtainable measure that can be applied in all patients who are undergoing stress testing for evaluation of suspected is

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2023
Journal Name
Lark
Digital and pedagogical practices of French as a foreign language in a post-COVID-19 context (The case of the University of Baghdad)
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of External Audit in Limiting Creative Accounting Practices in Light of International Standards from The Point of View of Certified Accountancy Experts in Iraq as a Model
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This research aims to solve a problem in the field of accounting and financial knowledge in the world today, that is, the problem of creative accounting. Especially after the global financial crisis and the collapse of many large companies in the world, people find that they use creative accounting methods to distinguish them from reality, showing the results of their activities and their financial status. This research discusses the concept of creative accounting, the most important methods used in financial statements and its relationship with external auditing, and procedures to limit accounting creativity. This study uses descriptive analysis methods after confirming its theoretical aspects in practice. Using the statistical

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 27 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Evaluation the Risk Factors that are Associated with Osteoporosis in Post Kidney Transplantation in a Sample of Iraqi Patients
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Renal transplantation is a principal treatment option for end-stage kidney failure. Bone loss and fracture are serious complication of kidney transplantation, associated with morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of post transplantation bone loss is multifactorial and complex

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 17 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Humanities And Cultural Studies
Defying Post Colonialism: the Quest for Cultural Adaptation and Transcultural Identity with References to Some Postcolonial Novels
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Postcolonial reading for any text aroused a great controversy that deserves to be studied it give more dimensions with the awareness that it can be interpreted in numerous ways. Postcolonialism is a challenging field as it covers variety of political, psychological, cultural, and economical activities often called ‘postcolonial’. The concept of culture worked effectively in shaping and mapping postcolonial struggles, which have so profoundly reshaped our world. Man's sense of cultural displacement is the core of this project. Man's quest for cultural adaptation forms a kind of equilibrium and compromise to the vision of human liberation. It is very important to minimize disadvantages and to internalize the logic of Western colonization.

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Ministry of Hamdy Al-Bachachy (the first) 3rd of Jun – 28 Aug. 1944 in Iraq The Ministry forum and the political and economical issues
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This study Studied Ministry of Hamdy Al-Buchachy(the first)and explain the features of
this Ministry in a critical time in the history of Iraq. The second world war had began and its
end had reached .The political situation in Iraq is so complicated. The Ministry had made
many things. The Ministry had situated in internal and external complicated time. The
situation in Iraq was so difficult, therefore the recommendor (Abdul-Ilah)asked Hamdy Al-
Bachachy to make be the head of the new governments Al-Bachachy had made irrelevant
government, thus it didn’t last more than three months and the British governorate and of
direct in terference in Iraq who worked to reduce the Iraqi army and the Minister of Defence
refus

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
تقييم إداء السياسة النقدية في العراق وأثرها في التضخم دراسة تحليلية للمدة من (1980- 2003)
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تلعب السياسة النقدية دوراً فاعلاً ومتميزاً في تحقيق معدلات نمو عالية وتحقيق الاستقرار والتوازن الاقتصادي وبالاخص الحد من ظاهرة التضخم.

يمكن حصر اهداف السياسة النقدية في الدول النامية والعربية خصوصاً من خلال التعرف على الاغراض المنصوص عليها في التشريعات وتشمل (تحقيق استقرار نقدي، المحافظة على قيمة العملة، تشجيع النمو الاقتصادي، تطوير الاسواق المالية والنقدية، استقرار الاسعار، تحقيق ال

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
The political dimension in the speech of the director, author (Dawoud Abdel Sayed) Citizen film, informant and thief (amodel): احمد جبار عبد الكاظم
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The research addresses the questioning of political loads in a cinematic model from the films of the author (David Abdel Sayed), who has been busy throughout his films in criticizing political power, where he presented protests visions her body the artistic composition of cinematic means of expression through artistic treatments that facilitate the representations of modernity in contemporary cinematic trends, and by this Several contemporary cinematic criticism is an example of a thinker cinematographer who presents his critical thesis on power politics through the composition of the film (material - form - expression). The research consisted of four chapters. The first was a methodological framework that included the research problem o

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 03 2017
Journal Name
Al- Ustath: Quarterly Scientific Journal
A Linguistic Analysis of Halliday's Systemic- Functional Theory in Political Texts
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BN Rashid, AKF Jameel, Al- Ustath: Quarterly Scientific Journal, 2017 - Cited by 15

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovation, Creativity And Change
Financial education, political instability and firm performance: Evidence from Malaysian SMEs
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This study assesses the short-term and long-term interactions between firm performance, financial education and political instability in the case of Malaysia Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The simultaneous insertion of financial education and political instability within the study is done intentionally to inspect the effect of these two elements in one equation for the Malaysian economy. Using the bound testing methodology for cointegration and error correction models, advanced within an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework, we examine whether a long-run equilibrium connection survives between firm performance and the above mentioned independent variables. Using this method, we uncover evidence of a positive long-term link b

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