Optical Character Recognition (OCR) research includes computer vision, artificial intelligence, and pattern recognition. Character recognition has garnered a lot of attention in the last decade due to its broad variety of uses and applications, including multiple-choice test data, business documents (e.g., ID cards, bank notes, passports, etc.), and automatic number plate recognition. This paper introduces an automatic recognition system for printed numerals. The automatic reading system is based on extracting local statistical and geometrical features from the text image. Those features are represented by eight vectors extracted from each digit. Two of these features are local statistical (A, A _th), and six are local

The fact that the signature is widely used as a means of personal verification
emphasizes the need for an automatic verification system. Verification can be
performed either Offline or Online based on the application. Offline systems work on
the scanned image of a signature. In this paper an Offline Verification of handwritten
signatures which use set of simple shape based geometric features. The features used
are Mean, Occupancy Ratio, Normalized Area, Center of Gravity, Pixel density,
Standard Deviation and the Density Ratio. Before extracting the features,
preprocessing of a scanned image is necessary to isolate the signature part and to
remove any spurious noise present. Features Extracted for whole signature

Biometrics is widely used with security systems nowadays; each biometric modality can be useful and has distinctive properties that provide uniqueness and ambiguity for security systems especially in communication and network technologies. This paper is about using biometric features of fingerprint, which is called (minutiae) to cipher a text message and ensure safe arrival of data at receiver end. The classical cryptosystems (Caesar, Vigenère, etc.) became obsolete methods for encryption because of the high-performance machines which focusing on repetition of the key in their attacks to break the cipher. Several Researchers of cryptography give efforts to modify and develop Vigenère cipher by enhancing its weaknesses.

   In the present research the flame retardancy to  buildings and industrial foundations which are manufacturing from advanced polymeric  composite material was increased by coating it with surface layer included flame retardant material.  A(3mm) thick antimony tetroxide was used as a coated layer to retard and prevent the flame spread to the coating surface of polyester resin (SIROPOL 8340-PI) reinforced with hybrid fibers as a woven roving (°45-°0) consist of carbon and kevlar (49) fibers, and exposed it to direct flame generated from gas torch at temperature of (2000ºC), at  different exposed distance (10,15,20mm)and study the rang of resistance for this layer and its ability to protec

Graphite coated electrodes (GCE) based on molecularly imprinted polymers were fabricated for the selective potentiometric determination of Glibenclamide (Glb). The molecularly imprinted (MIP) and nonimprinted (NIP) polymers were synthesized by radical bulk polymerization using (Glb.) as a template, acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AAm) as monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. The imprinted membranes and the non-imprinted membranes were prepared using dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and Dibutylphthalate (DBP) as plasticizers in PVC matrix. The membranes were coated on graphite electrodes. The MIP electrodes using (AA) and (AAm) showed a near nernstian response with slopes o

In this study, the modified size-strain plot (SSP) method was used to analyze the x-ray diffraction lines pattern of diffraction lines (1 0 1), (1 2 1), (2 0 2), (0 4 2), (2 4 2) for the calcium titanate(CaTiO3) nanoparticles, and to calculate lattice strain, crystallite size, stress, and energy density, using three models: uniform (USDM). With a lattice strain of (2.147201889), a stress of (0.267452615X10), and an energy density of (2.900651X10-3 KJ/m3), the crystallite was 32.29477611 nm in size, and to calculate lattice strain of Scherrer (4.1644598X10−3), and (1.509066023X10−6 KJ/m3), a stress of(6.403949183X10−4MPa) and (26.019894 nm).

Background: Meclizine hydrochloride (MCZ) is an antihistamine that is used as an antiemetic to prevent and cure nausea and vomiting. Because of its limited water solubility and first-pass metabolism, it exhibits variable absorption. Objective: To formulate and evaluate MCZ as an intranasal in situ gel with increased residence time and permeability. Methods: We made an inclusion complex of MCZ using various cyclodextrins as a complexing agent to help the drug dissolve better. The complexes were studied, and the ones that were better at dissolving were chosen to be used in the creation of an in situ gel with poloxamer 407 (17–20% w/v) and hyaluronic acid (0.25–0.75% w/v). Prepared formulas were subjected to various evaluation tes

     In this work, the mass attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number and half value layer parameters were calculated for silicate (SiO2) mixed with various levels of lead oxide and iron oxide as reinforced materials. SiO2 was used with different concentrations of PbO and Fe2O3 (25, 50 and 75 weight %). The glass system was prepared by the melt-quenching method. The attenuation parameters were calculated at photon energies varying from 1keV to 100MeV using the XCOM program (version 3.1). In addition, the mass attenuation coefficient and half value layer parameters for selected glass samples were experimentally determined at photon energies 0.662 and 1.28 MeV emitted from radioactive sources 137Cs and 22Na respe