The research problem was to identify the impact of monetary policies on economic growth in the oil and non-oil countries. The researcher chose the Republic of Iraq as an example for the oil countries and the Arab Republic of Egypt as an example for the non-oil countries to hold a comparison on the impact of monetary policies.

The research found that the monetary policies and their tools in the Iraqi economy affect the rate of GDP growth by 73%, which shows the strong impact of monetary policies on the economic growth in the Iraqi economy as an example of an oil state. GDP growth rate of 61%, indicating the impact of monetary policies on economic growth in the

The present paper discusses morphological and syntactic structures of time in Russian language. The morphological and syntactic structures are considered part component of time category in Russian language.

The morphological categories of time are formed through a various types of expressions .Tenses generally express time relative to the moment of speaking. In some contexts, however, their meaning may be relativized to a point in the past ,present or future which is established in the discourse .Some languages have different verb forms or constructions and that are opposed in meaning not in syntactic category. Hence, the present study traces and compares the syntacti

ارتبط الانسان بالطبيعة بأشكالها المختلفة ارتباطا وثيقا ، فهي تمثل الحاضنة له بمجالات حياته كلها، فما كان من الأدباء الا أن يجعلوها في كثير من الأحيان مادة لأدبهم وأرضية خصبة لنتاجهم، فتمظهرت بصورها المختلفة وحاجة الانسان لها وخيرها وشرها في الأدب على مدى التاريخ، والعرب شأنهم شأن غيرهم من الأمم فمنذ عصر ما قبل الاسلام كانت الطبيعة منفذا مهما وملجأ للشعراء في انتاج الأدب وابداعه وإلى يومنا هذا، ونحن إذ نتحد

يهدف هذا البحث الى عرض رؤيا تشخصيه لمجتمع المعرفة في ظل اقتصاد المعرفة من خلال استعراض العديد من المفاهيم النظرية والعلاقة بينهم كمفهوم البيانات والمعلومات والمعرفة ومجتمع المعلومات والمعرفة, ومصادر المعرفة, والمراحل التطورية للتحول الى مجتمع المعرفة, ومن ثم استعراض الأبعاد الأساسية لمجتمع المعرفة, إضافة إلى الملامح الأساسية لاقتصاد المعرفة وخصائص ذلك الاقتصاد, ثم تناول البحث المورد المعرفي وعلاقته

ملخص البحث

العولمة ظاهرة اقتصادية سياسية اجتماعية لها انعكاساتها المختلفة على المجتمعات وعلى منظمات الأعمال في مختلف دول العالم، هذه الظاهرة أدت إلى المزيد من النتائج التي زادت منظمات الأعمال في الدول الغنية غناً وزادت منظمات الأعمال في دول العالم الثالث فقر، وقد ترتب على ذلك نتائج ايجابية لدى المجتمعات الغربية والمؤتلفة معها بسبب سيطرة منظمات الأعمال في تلك الدول على الأسواق في البلدان الن

This paper discuses the mindset contribution of the organization Science in organizational effectiveness (OE), and the most valuable thoughts they introduced in this subject, starting from the pre- classical era, through classical era to present time. This paper has identified the main contribution in OE. The concept of OE didn’t arise until what had been introduced by Chester Barnard, although Max Weber mentioned this concept in his bureaucratic theory, but he didn’t explain it as Barnard does. After that no clear focus was pointed to this subject until Peter Drucker did so, which considered as the main participant in OE after Barnard. After that many researchers be interested in OE and they start studying this subject like

Man was closely associated with nature in its various forms, as it represented the incubator for him in all areas of his life, so writers often made it a material for their literature and a fertile ground for their productions, so it appeared in its various forms and man’s need for it, its good and its bad in literature throughout history, and the Arabs are like Other nations, since the pre-Islamic era, nature was an important outlet and a refuge for poets in the production and creativity of literature and to this day, and when we talk about a poet from the Fatimid state, we find that nature - especially spring and its flowers - in that period took its take from literature and represented a phenomenon for many Among the

The theory of probabilistic programming  may be conceived in several different ways. As a method of programming it analyses the implications of probabilistic variations in the parameter space of linear or nonlinear programming model. The generating mechanism of such probabilistic variations in the economic models may be due to incomplete information about changes in demand, pro­duction and technology, specification errors about the econometric relations presumed for different economic agents, uncertainty of various sorts and the consequences of imperfect aggregation or disaggregating of economic variables. In this Research we discuss the probabilistic programming problem when the coefficient b_i is random variable

The strategic approach had a great effect on information technology analysis which relevant to business organizations. The role was explicated, through uses of the strategic leadership for these approaches to support the strategic capabilities (powers) and its contribution to reach the advantage and superiority strategy. This paper was attempt to reveal the strategic philosophy or strategic talent mind had a big role on confrontation the strategic risk and challenges. The paper was concluded by represents a wide perspective for the information technology and its effects on organizations strategic role. The topic can be considered as a rational and reasonable contribution, in addition to the opportunist pragmatic analysis will sup

يهدف هذا البحث الى تحديد اثر الاختلاف في ادراكات العاملين للعدالة التنظيمية في المنظمات قيد البحث. وقد تم اعتماد الادراك كمتغير تفسيري، اما العدالة التنظيمية فمثلت المتغير الاستجابي بانواعها الثلاث (العدالة التوزيعية، العدالة الاجرائية، والعدالة التفاعلية)، ولتحقيق اهداف البحث فقد تم اختيار دائرة صحة بغداد/ الكرخ مجتمع للدراسة. وجرى تصميم استبانة ووفق مقياس خماسيي الدراجات وجرى تحليل البيانات باستخ