Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy and one of the top ten common cancers worldwide with approximately 2 million cases. There are multiple risk factors that could lead to CRC emergence; of which are genetic polymorphisms. Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) gene encodes for ERCC2 enzyme which plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity by removing DNA adducts. Several studies suggested that there could be a link between genetic polymorphisms of ERCC2 gene and the risk of CRC development. Hence the present study aims to validate the relationship between the following ERCC2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs13181, rs149943175, rs530662943, and rs1799790) and CRC susceptibility. A total of 121 participants were enrolled in this case control study; 72 CRC patients and 49 apparently healthy individuals. CRC patients aged 56.34 ±11.89 years and 41 (56.9%) were males while control group were 53.20 ± 17.33 years and 26 (53.1%) of them are males. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing then the association between genetic polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility was examined. GA genotype and A allele of rs149943175 were associated with lower risk of CRC development [OR 95% (CI)= 0.3 (0.1-0.88); P=0.02 and 0.4 (0.1-0.9); P=0.03 respectively]. However, GA genotype and A allele carriers of rs530662943 had significantly increased risk compared to GG genotype and G allele respectively [OR 95%(CI)= 5.17 (1.1-24.0); P=0.03 and 4.76 (1.0-21.6); P=0.04 respectively]. Additional stratified analyses showed that carriers of heterozygous genotype of rs149943175 who non-smokers, females or BMI figures less than 25 are less likely to develop CRC compared to wild genotype carriers. Taken together, genetic polymorphisms of ERCC2 modulate the susceptibility of CRC malignancy.
Food fortification has an important and necessary role in compensating for the shortage of nutritional micronutrients, especially in developing and least developed countries. So, 12 samples of flour available in the local market, whether imported or locally produced flour, were obtained during 2019. The amount of base metal of the necessary iron element in the flour models studied which are available in local markets, measured by spot testing and was compared with the values that should be added according to the specification Iraqi standard. Results revealed the qualitative evaluation of iron in locally produced flour does not conform to the Iraqi standard and is almost free of any reinforcement. While the percentage of imp
... Show MoreThe plant licorice is considered important plants as nutritionally and medically and economically, as a rich in phytochemical, vitamins and minerals, and being widely available, Research indicated the presence of many nutrients such as (proteins, Carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals) as well as presence of Glycyrrhizin which responsible of sweet taste, that allowing the possibility to use it as natural intensity sweetener with few calories in Sweetening of many food. This research is aimed to study the Stability of Glycyrrhizin toward the various manufacturing conditions such as (thermal treatment, pH of foods and microwaves), so three factorial experiments was implemented to find out the Stability as following: 100C° - 121C° - Microwa
... Show MoreCarbon Nanopowder was fabricated by arc discharge technique at deposition pressure of 10-5 mbar Argon gas on glass substrates. The prepared carbon nano- powder was collected from chamber and purified with nitric acid at 323K .The morphology and crystalline structure of the prepared powder was examined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). XRD spectrums showed that the powder exhibits amorphous structure and after purification, the powder showed hexagonal structure with a preferential orientation along(002) direction ,where AFM and SEM gave very compatible estimation on the grain size and shape of the nanopowder.
the mental image is so important in human life as one of the major standers for his trends and behavior, and as the human nature requires to interest in things based on how much it’s close to and how much it effects on his interest, So the neighborhood countries was one of the topics that occupied the attention of the Iraqi individual and pushed him to form perceptions of them based on the cultural heritage and the historical relations of Iraq with these countries as well as the actions of neighboring countries on Iraq and the resulting effects on the course of events. the mental image is so important in human life as one of the major standers for his trends and behavior, and as the human nature requires to interest in things bas
... Show MoreThe concept of -closedness, a kind of covering property for topological spaces, has already been studied with meticulous care from different angles and via different approaches. In this paper, we continue the said investigation in terms of a different concept viz. grills. The deliberations in the article include certain characterizations and a few necessary conditions for the -closedness of a space, the latter conditions are also shown to be equivalent to -closedness in a - almost regular space. All these and the associated discussions and results are done with grills as the prime supporting tool.
This research includes the principles of the democracy، and to which extent it can contribute in establishing these principles. Democracy is not only to hold parliamentary or presidential elections but also the result of these elections wills it lead to the emergence of an integrated regime that can actually expresses the citizen's rights and to which extent those citizens can contribute in that regime and control it. Since 2005، when the first elections took place in Iraq after the US occupation of Iraq 2003، Iraqi people are looking to a rule that represented them and achieve their interests after getting rid of the totalitarian regimes and establishing an institutional regime that work by democratic means in order to achieve the so
... Show MoreExplanation of article events , or discribing it establish to anderstanding an phenomenon which its effects still clear in the art , surching like this may be very usful in the analysis of new art , which considering one of the most important turns in the history of art . and if we look to human body in the art as existenc in the art , from it’s begening to the modern age . so we can understand the meaning of this existence and it’s directins which cover all the worid and the lead us to thiories and suggestion’s help in understand to this direction and the effects between our arts and the external directions.
Propranolol is a nonselective-adrenergic blocker used in the treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and angina pectoris. A significant problem in propranolol therapy is that it undergoes extensive presystemic metabolism after oral administration leading to reduced bioavailability. In this study, two new propranolol derivatives have been designed, synthesized and characterized. These compounds were formed by acylation of propranolol followed by nucleophilic substitution reaction of acylated propranolol, these derivatives were analyzed for IR, CHN, melting points, and evaluated for their lipophilic properties compared with propranolol. The lower partition coefficient of these two derivatives revealed that the prodrug approach may be
... Show MoreThis research focuses on shedding light on the most important criteria by which the translator can achieve total success with regard to the translation of scientific texts whose written language in Spanish is greatly influenced by expressions and words adopted from the English language and other world languages, in addition to exposing the most outstanding difficulties that translators face when translating from Spanish to Arabic, giving the most appropriate solutions in this regard.
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se centra en echar luz sobre los criterios más importantes por los cuales el traductor puede conseguir el total éxito en la traducción de los textos científicos cuyo lenguaje
... Show MoreGod Almighty has imposed on us obligations and set limits on us, and among these obligations is the prayer, which is considered a pillar of Islam. And recently on the statement of its importance, and through extensive explanations, they elaborated on the statement of its pillars, its obligations, its Sunnahs, its rituals, and its bodies, and it is known that the imam in prayer is an important part of the parts of prayer. Whoever assumes this responsibility must be aware of these conditions, the most important of which is jurisprudence in religion, and there has been a disagreement between the jurists, especially the owners of the four schools of thought, about who is qualified to lead the imamate, and this is within many and wide details
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