Real Time Extended (RTX) technology works to take advantage of real-time data comes from the global network of tracking stations together with inventor locating and compression algorithms to calculate and relaying the orbit of satellite, satellite atomic clock, and any other systems corrections to the receivers, which lead to real-time correction with high accuracy. These corrections will be transferred to the receiver antenna by satellite (where coverage is available) and by IP (Internet Protocol) for the rest of world to provide the accurate location on the screen of smartphone or tablet by using specific software. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) low-cost external antenna and possibility for using it with a smartphone to measure the points in Real Time Kinematic (RTK) and (RTX) modes, obtaining the same accuracy by using high-cost (GNSS) receiver with same modes. The assessment has applied through comparing the control points measured in static mode (3 to 5 hours) and corrected by Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) web-based processing software with same control points measured in RTX mode by GNSS low-cost external antenna (5 minutes). The results of an assessment were obtained horizontal and vertical location error in real time, by receiver getting the RTX correction data over the satellite link were RMS (east 41cm, north 35 cm, elevation 94 cm), that means it’s more suitable for automotive, agriculture, and forestry application, As for the RTK mode, the comparison of the differences in RTK mode between the two antennas were RMS (north 5 cm, east 6 cm, elevation 10). This result indicates that the GNSS low-cost external antenna might be very useful in accurate surveying application.
Beta-irradiation effects on the microstructure of LDPE samples have been investigated
using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Technique (PALT). These effects on the orthopositronium
(o-Ps) Lifetime t3, the free positron annihilation lifetime 2 t , the free-volume
hole size (Vh) and the free volume fraction (fh) were measured as functions of Beta
irradiation - dose up to a total dose of 30.28 kGy.
The results show that the values of t3, Vh and fh increase gradually with increasing Beta
dose up to a total dose of 1.289 kGy, and reach a maximum increment of 17.4%, 32.8% and
5.86%, respectively, while t2 reachs maximum increment of 211.9% at a total dose of 1.59
kGy. Above these doses, the values show nonlinear changes u
Hydraulic fracturing is considered to be a vital cornerstone in decision making of unconventional reservoirs. With an increasing level of development of unconventional reservoirs, many questions have arisen regarding enhancing production performance of tight carbonate reservoirs, especially the evaluation of the potential for adapting multistage hydraulic fracturing technology in tight carbonate reservoirs to attain an economic revenue.
In this paper we present a feasibility study of multistage fractured horizontal well in typical tight carbonate reservoirs covering different values of permeability. We show that NPV is the suitable objective function for deciding on the optimum number
Channel estimation (CE) is essential for wireless links but becomes progressively onerous as Fifth Generation (5G) Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems and extensive fading expand the search space and increase latency. This study redefines CE support as the process of learning to deduce channel type and signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) directly from per-tone Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) observations,with blind channel state information (CSI). We trained a dual deep model that combined Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks (BRNNs). We used a lookup table (LUT) label for channel type (class indices instead of per-tap values) and ordinal supervision for SNR (0–20 dB,5-dB steps). T
... Show MoreEprospective study undertaken between January 2007 and January 2011, 58 consecutive cases with compound tibial shaft fractures. All fractures were stabilized by external fixator device AO/ASIF type after failed the manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) to restore the osseous alignment. In 32 patients cancellous bone graft were used from the upper part of the tibia to enhance healing process, all these patients were followed for an average of 8–12 months. Our findings showed that stabilization of the fracture shaft tibia by external fixation with cancellous bone graft had significantly better result, than external fixation alone. We conclude that unilateral, uniplanar external fixation with early bone grafting from upper part of the tibia is
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Abstract
The term public budget defects became nowadays a chronic, economical phenomenon, almost all the countries weather advanced or development country suffered from it, despite the different visions to economic schools of a thought to accept or reject the deficit in public budget but the prevailed opinion that is needed to rule the role of the state by reducing the public spending which led to continuous deficits in public budget and the consequent upon increase in government borrowing, increase taxes on income and wealth, thus weakening the in contrive for private investment which contributed to the increase of in flationary stagnation, it became a duty to state covered by the lack of financial sources
... Show MoreThe contemporary business environment is witnessing increasing calls for modifications to the traditional cost system, and a trend towards adopting cost management techniques to provide appropriate financial and non-financial information for senior and executive departments, including the Resource Consumption Accounting (RCA) technique in question, which classifies costs into fixed and variable to support the decision-making process. Moreover, (RCA) combines two approaches to cost estimation, the first based on activity-based cost accounting (ABC) and the second on the German cost accounting method (GPK). The research aims to provide a conceptual vision for resource consumption accounting, after Considering it as an accounting te
... Show MoreIraqi insurance market need to develop products and to find new insurance policies to cover the damages of the violence and political commotions dangers and to meet the needs of the proposers.
The global insurance companies recently issued such policies to pay the losses wich caused by the violent political acts of vandalism suffered by the property and investments wich estimated billions of dollars.
... Show MoreThis research is carried out to investigate the externally post-tensioning technique for strengthening RC beams. In this research, four T-section RC beams having the same dimensions and material properties were casted and tested up to failure by applying two mid-third concentrated loads. Three of these beams are strengthened by using external tendons, while the remaining beam is kept without strengthening as a control beam. Two external strands of 12 mm diameter were fixed at each side of the web of the strengthened beams and located at depth of 200 mm from top fiber of the section (dps). So that the depth of strands to overall depth of the section ratio (dps
... Show MoreSubsurface soil water retention (SWRT) is a recent technology for increasing the crop yield, water use efficiency and then the water productivity with less amount of applied water. The goal of this research was to evaluate the existing of SWRT with the influence of surface and subsurface trickle irrigation on economic water productivity of cucumber crop. Field study was carried out at the Hawr Rajab district of Baghdad governorate from October 1st, to December 31st, 2017. Three experimental treatments were used, treatment plot T1 using SWRT with subsurface trickle irrigation, plot T2 using SWRT with surface trickle irrigation, while plot T3 without using SWRT and using surface tickle irrigation system. The obtained results showed th
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