هذه محاولة لاستقصاء فكرة الجوار في القانون الدولي، والمبدأ الذي يتردد ذكره بمناسبتها هو مبدا حسن الجوار.

تعتمد المحاولة - على خلاف ما جرت عليه العادة الى حد ما - على قراءات متنوعة في وثائق الدول والمنظمات الدولية، للتعرف على الاستخدامات الاصطلاحية لتعبير الجوار فيما ترتبط به من موضوعات على المستوى الدولي، فبدلا من أن نبحث عن نتائج بحوث سابقة في معنى الجوار ومفهوم حسن الجوار، فاننا قد عمدنا مباشرة الى عم

The International Court of Justice, as the main judicial organ of the United Nations in its ruling on the Barcelona Traction case, raised the concept of obligations Erga Omnes in international law, but this Latin term Erga Omnes has been used with different meanings and connotations. Through the extrapolation of the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice, we note that it used the term In the context of its traditional meaning of expressing issues related to protest and legal interest at times, and the issue of international law enforcement at other times, it also used the same term to justify the application of the effects of some international treaties on states that are not party to it, or the application

This research id entitled "The Prohibition of Perfidy in International Humanitarian Law".  International humanitarian law includes some international agreements that aim to regulate hostilities, and the use of tools and means of warfare (The Hague Law), Where there are many international rules that govern the conduct and management of hostilities, there are some provisions that limit the use of certain means and methods during armed conflict, Whether by prohibiting the use of specific methods of fighting, or prohibiting or restricting the use of certain types of weapons, The dedication of these rules to the law of armed conflict comes in implementation of the principle of the law of war, which restricts the authorit

ان انتشار الصراعات بين الاديان والاعراق لايعني فقط الهجمات ضد السكان المدنيين ولكن ايضا في كثير من الحالات، تدمير الاهداف او الممتلكات ذات الخصائص المدنية التي تشكل التراث الثقافي . اعمال التخريب او التدمير الموجهة ضد هذه الممتلكات شائعة لاسيما في مثل هذه النزاعات ، حيث ان مثل هذه الممتلكات عادة ماتعتبر بمثابة رمز للهوية الثقافية وتاريخ للطرف الخصم ، ولكن في نفس الوقت ، تعتبر جزءا من التراث الانساني ،أن وا

The terrorist threat has increased dramatically over the past three decades. After terrorist attacks were carried out in traditional ways and left limited victims and casualties in targeted groups and installations, they were carried out in very precise and sophisticated ways, benefiting from modern technology and losing huge losses, Or property and installations ...

Until recently, terrorist operations were usually aimed at hijacking civilian aircraft, abducting individuals, taking and holding hostages (prominent figures, diplomats and even private individuals), as well as dropping bombs and planting unexploded ordnance, but their dangers now escalated depending on the development of the means used and t

      The defferenation of the contract, as alegal concept, is one of the new ideas in scientific research, aim to charectrise each condition or obligation of the contract, as an independent contract of the other parts, conclude under the agreement of the parties on a specific object with its own cause; this idea had applied in international contract too, specifically with the choice of law applicable to the international contract, that’s also supported by the potentiality of chossing the applicable law after concluding the international contract.

     The choice of the applicable law, play a significant role in implementing the function of the international contract as a gear to org

إن منظمة شنغهاي للتعاون –(Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO) هي منظمة دولية إقليمية حكومية فريدة من نوعها أُسست من قبل الصين،

روسيا، كازاخستان، قرغيزستان، طاجيكستان وأوزبكستان بمدينة شنغهاي

الصينية في 51 حزيران 1005 . تتجاوز مساحة الدول الأعضاء للمنظمة حالياً

00 مليون و 581 ألف كيلومترمربع أي ما يساوي ثلاثة أخماس مساحة قارتي

أوروبا وآسيا، ويبلغ عدد سكان الدول الأعضاء فيها نحو نصف تعداد سكان العالم.

لها

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forcible removal of ethnic and religious groups from a specific area, with the intent of making the area ethnically homogeneous. Direct deportation is accompanied by genocide, rape, and destruction of property, so the crime of ethnic cleansing can be considered a crime against humanity and can be included in the Genocide Convention.

Ethnic extremism is a concept linked to the use of violence and weapons by a strong party against a weaker party. Extremism and fanaticism are often behind such a crime with the aim of obliterating or concealing the oppressed group in a particular geographical area.

We had, in this research, the role of international justice in the mandatory principles of international humanitarian law development (ICJ model), where divided by the two sections: the first, outlining the direction of the international character of the judiciary on the Convention and the principles of customary international humanitarian law.

The second section, which handled the position of international justice in the peremptory norms of international humanitarian law of nature.

In conclusion we dealt with the most important conclusions we reached in this regard, and some of the necessary recommendations in this area.

This paper deals with "the prohibition of autonomous weapons in the light of the principles of international humanitarian law", The autonomous  weapon is the newly developed type of weapon, and it is the latest of the genius of the human race in finding another "automatic" race to undertake combat operations on its behalf, However, this matter was not left at all, Rather, each party to the armed conflict must abide by the principles of international humanitarian law to avoid the harmful effects of that weapon, In particular, adherence to the text of Article 36 of the First Additional Protocol of 1977, which obliges the Contracting Parties to conduct a review of their weapons before their launch to find out what is prohibited and per