Electronic remote identification (ER-ID) is a new radio frequency (RF) technology that is initiated by the Federal Aviation Authorities (FAA). For security reasons, traffic control, and so on, ER-ID has been applied for drones by the FAA to enable them to transmit their unique identification and location so that unauthorized drones can be identified. The current limitation of the existing ER-ID algorithms is that the application is limited to the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless controllers, which results in a maximum range of 10–20 m for Bluetooth and 50–100 m for Wi-Fi. In this study, a mathematical computing technique based on finite state automaton (FSA) is introduced to expand the range of the ER-ID RF system and reduce the energy required by the drone to use the technology. A finite number of states have been designed to include a larger range of wireless network techniques, enabling the drones to be recognized while they are further away and in remote areas. This is achieved by including other means of RF channels, such as 4G/5G, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), long range Internet of things (IoT), and satellite communications, in the suggested ER-ID algorithm of this study. The introduced algorithm is tested via a case study. The results showed the ability to detect drones using all types of available radio frequency communication systems (RF-CS) while also minimizing the consumed energy. Hence, the authorities can control the licensed drones by using available RF-CS devices, such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, which are already widely used for mobile phones, as an example.
In thisipaper, we introduce the concepts of the modified tupledicoincidence points and the mixed finiteimonotone property. Also the existenceiand uniquenessiof modified tupled coincidenceipoint is discusses without continuous condition for mappings having imixed finite monotoneiproperty in generalizedimetric spaces.
Abstract:
The current research is aimed at analyzing the impact of the dimensions of Job involvement of all of (the enthusiasm, the Devotion, Assimilation ) in the Crystallize organizational Identification across the dimensions of (organizational loyalty, membership, similarities) and was named the Middle East, the Iraqi Investment Bank room to look as the research community of staff adopted in the bank, to be applied to a Random sample of (100) employees working in the said bank, and developed for the purposes of data collection, a questionnaire form included three axes covered (32) paragraph of the measure, which is included adopted Liekrt Quintet for the
... Show MoreThe adsorption of Ru and Ce were carried out using manganese dioxide as adsorbent. The Optimization of the adsorption conditions were studied as a function of shaking time, nitric acid, metal ions, concentrations and temperature effects. A rapid initial adsorption on MnO2 is followed by a steady and slow increase of metal uptake. The equilibration time is reached after four hours shaking for Ru and Ce and the adsorption is much better from one molar acidic solution and 90°C.
Assimilation is defined ,by many phoneticians like Schane ,Roach ,and many others, as a phonological process when there is a change of one sound into another because of neighboring sounds.This study investigates the phoneme assimilation as a phonological process in English and Arabic and it is concerned specifically with the differences and similarities in both languages. Actually ,this study reflects the different terms which are used in Arabic to refer to this phenomenon and in this way it shows whether the term 'assimilation ' can have the same meaning of 'idgham' in Arabic or not . Besides, in Arabic , this phenomenon is discussed from&nb
... Show MoreHuge number of medical images are generated and needs for more storage capacity and bandwidth for transferring over the networks. Hybrid DWT-DCT compression algorithm is applied to compress the medical images by exploiting the features of both techniques. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) coding is applied to image YCbCr color model which decompose image bands into four subbands (LL, HL, LH and HH). The LL subband is transformed into low and high frequency components using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to be quantize by scalar quantization that was applied on all image bands, the quantization parameters where reduced by half for the luminance band while it is the same for the chrominance bands to preserve the image quality, the zig
... Show MoreThe research aims to study some of the human characteristics of the state of Singapore to know the impact of these characteristics on the strength of the state, its development and. The research included two aspects, theoretical and analytical, using the descriptive analytical method, force analysis method, as well as the historical method. The data was analyzed according to mathematical equations, including the size of the country's population, the extraction of the population growth rate and the concept of age structure, where some indicators related to this concept have been explained. The researcher reached a set of results, the most important of which were: that the population size of the state of Singapore in the period between (19
... Show MoreSouth Sudan is known by its tribal and racial variation .Tribal Perception represents the
procedure of dealings in Southern society .And that what make Sudan as a stable country that
suffer from divisions . Everybody wants to rule in spite of his inability and un qualification
which enables the establishment of an urbanized country .the frustration of the state in
handling the interior variety on religious, tribal and racial basis and contracting national
ideality in spared by shared ingredients between gathered groups in one state, all these reasons
make it hard to create a united national identity which is able to unite atheist and religious
parties together. Due to this ,the study is established to clarify the nat
Wastewater recycling for non-potable uses has gained significant attention to mitigate the high pressure on freshwater resources. This requires using a sustainable technique to treat natural municipal wastewater as an alternative to conventional methods, especially in arid and semi-arid rural areas. One of the promising techniques applied to satisfy the objective of wastewater reuse is the constructed wetlands (CWs) which have been used extensively in most countries worldwide through the last decades. The present study introduces a significant review of the definition, classification, and components of CWs, identifying the mechanisms controlling the removal process within such units. Vertical, horizontal, and hybrid CWs
... Show MoreIn this paper, two of the local search algorithms are used (genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization), in scheduling number of products (n jobs) on a single machine to minimize a multi-objective function which is denoted as (total completion time, total tardiness, total earliness and the total late work). A branch and bound (BAB) method is used for comparing the results for (n) jobs starting from (5-18). The results show that the two algorithms have found the optimal and near optimal solutions in an appropriate times.