Exercising the universal jurisdiction requires having in place some national legislations. If the legal principle is generally agreed upon at the international level, this does not prevent nations from passing some internal or local legislations that may enable the national courts to enforce the universal jurisdiction.  Transcending the philosophical and theoretical frameworks of any principle will

      This paper, entitled “The Conditions of Exercising Universal Jurisdiction: A Comparative Study”, tackles the conditions and requirements of exercising universal jurisdiction in both subjective and objective aspects, in the Iraqi penal code and the international laws under comparison.

In the event of a crime, a right to society arises in the imposition of the penalty by the perpetrator of the crime, through the criminal case, as it is the only way to do so. The acts carried out by the parties to the criminal proceedings, whether they are the litigants or others, are referred to as procedural actions. Directly any procedural action given only the availability of conditions

these conditions on the two communities: the first objective and the second formality, may relate to those conditions that the person who initiates the procedural or procedural work itself and can not work procedural to produce its impact if one of his conditions. The importance of these conditions of the importance of the rules of criminal p

The research dealt with the permissibility and impermissibility of women working according to Islamic law. And the conditions of women’s work in Islamic jurisprudence and Saudi systems such as the work system, civil service, and other systems. The research problem is represented in: Did the Islamic Sharia and the Saudi regulations (laws) allow women to work in private and public jobs? And how to solve the problem of some customs, traditions and norms in Saudi society that stand against women's work despite women's need to work? Are all jobs suitable for women? What is the philosophy of the Saudi legislator regarding the participation of women in some jobs and preventing them in others for religious and social reasons? The research reac

The establishment of political parties in Iraqi law is subject to several conditions, including the conditions related to the principles and objectives of the parties and the conditions related to membership in the parties, as well as the establishment of a number of procedures. These conditions and procedures are governed by the Political Parties Law No. (36) of the year 2015, And another represents a restriction on the freedom to establish political parties and graduated from the framework of the organization authorized by the ordinary legislator under the constitutional assignment under the text of Article (39) of the Constitution to restrict and confiscation of the freedom to establish political parties, and we have finished through

The electoral process is of great importance in the political system that takes parliamentary democracy and represents the main stream of democratic practice. The degree of urbanization and progress of peoples is measured by the criterion of practicing democracy. This practice is justified by the citizens' awareness and awareness of their political rights،  Election.

The right of candidacy is a real embodiment of the democratic dimension in allowing citizens to participate effectively In the administration of their country's affairs through parliamentary representation,  as well as activating citizens' exercise of their right to elect their representatives in the House of Representatives.

We have dealt with the

This study presents certain modifications done to the conditions set by Searle
(1969: 57) concerning the speech act of promising in order to render them to selected
sayings of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) and Jesus Christ (P.B.U.H.) and to
political texts. These modifications make the conditions of the speech act of
promising appropriate for sincere promises made by the Messengers of God since
they deliver their Messages of God but they are unable, as Messengers, to fulfill
God’s promises which they make as part of their Messages and by representatives of
States who deliver speeches on behalf of their Governments. These are the only two
situations where the speakers can make promises and do not fulfill these prom

This paper presents an investigation to the effect of the forming speed on healing voids that inhabit at various size in an ingot. The study was performed by using finite element method with bilinear isotropic material option, circular type voids were considered. The closure index was able to predict the minimum press force necessary to consolidate voids and the reduction. The simulation was carried out, on circular cross-section lead specials containing a central void of different size. At a time with a flat die, different ratio of inside to outside radius was taken with different speed to find the best result of void closure.

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In this paper, we study the growth of solutions of the second order linear complex differential equations  insuring that any nontrivial solutions are of infinite order. It is assumed that the coefficients satisfy the extremal condition for Yang’s inequality and the extremal condition for Denjoy’s conjecture. The other condition is that one of the coefficients itself is a solution of the differential equation .

The good and homogenous lighting is important in resolution image
and obtaining high contrast in visual image. In this research, three texts have
written on Wight board and they were picturing by digital camera on different
distances between the text and digital camera depends on fluorescent lighting
using Sobol Operator image to obtain edges for three image text image. The
mean (statistical and diagonal) contrast has been determined to the text image in edges area. The research notes that the mean (statistical and diagonal) contrast of text images decreases with increases the distance
between the camera and the board.