لطالما تحاشينا الخوض في الحديث عن المرأة , وكل ما يتعلق بها من موضوعات , خصوصا في سياق ما يطرح حولها من أمور كأنها لاتخص غيرها مثل : " الحرية " "والمساواة " " والحقوق " ... وغيرها من المواضيع التي تعج بها الكتب والشاشات والبرامج والمؤتمرات والندوات , التي غالبا ما ترفع فيها الشعارات المؤدلجة وتوضع اخرى , في أتون محموم , إن دل على شيئ فانه يدل بالدرجة الاولى عن مدى الفوضى الفكرية التي نعيشها وغياب الوضوح المنهجي , وانعدام الأسس البنيوية لعلاج الظواهر الحياتية , كما تدل على أن مفهوم الكائن الانساني الحر المبدع مازال بعيدا عنا كل البعد 0ورغم الجهد الرئيس الذي تُقرّه الأديان والمذاهب الإنسانية في تأكيد الرحمة والرأفة والرفق بين بني الإنسان، ورغم حجم الأضرار التي تكبدتها الإنسانية جرّاء اعتماد العنف كأداة للتخاطب والتمحور، ورغم أنَّ أي إنجاز بشري يتوقف على دعائم الإستقرار والسلام والألفة رغم هذا وذاك ما زالت البشرية تدفع ضرائب باهضة من أمنها واستقرارها جرّاء اعتماد العنف كوسيلة للحياة. إنَّ رواسب المنهج الهمجي العدواني ما زالت عالقة في أذهان وسلوكيات البعض منّا في التعاطي والحياة وذلك على أرضية منهج العنف المضاد للآخر والفاقد للسماحة والرحمة، وإنها مشكلة قديمة جديدة لا تلبث أن تستقر في ساحتنا الإنسانية كل حين لتصادر أمننا الإنساني وتقدمنا البشري، فرغم التطورات الهائلة في الذهن والفعل الإنساني بما يلائم المدنية والتحضّر.. إلاّ أنه ما زلنا نشهد سيادة منهج العنف في التعاطي بني البشر وبالذات تجاه الكائنات الوديعة كالمرأة، وإنه توظيف مقيت ذلك الذي يوظّف مصاديق القوة لديه ليُحيلها إلى تجبّر وسيطرة من خلال العنف القسري المُمارس ضد الأضعف. أن العنف الموجه ضد المرأة هو عنف قائم على أساس نوع الجنس، "وهو العنف الموجه ضد المرأة بسبب كونها امرأة، أو العنف الذي يمس المرأة على نحو جائر. ويشمل الأعمال التي تلحق ضرراً أو ألماً جسديا أو عقليا أو جنسيا بها، والتهديد بهذه الأعمال، والإكراه، وسائر أشكال الحرمان من الحرية." أن العنف ضد المرأة لا يقتصر على ثقافة معينة أو إقليم معين أو بلد بعينه، فالعنف ضد المرأة موجود في كل مكان تقريباً، لكن درجة شدته، ومدى قبوله، تختلف من مجتمع لآخر ومن سياق اجتماعي لآخر. ويتأثر العنف ضد المرأة في التحليل الأخير بدرجة تقدم أو تخلف السياق الاجتماعي الذي توجد فيه. فالعنف يزداد حيث تواجه المرأة مستويات معيشية متدنية، والعكس أيضاًَ صحيح. من هنا يمكن القول بأن العنف ضد المرأة لا يرتبط بعامل مجتمعي وحيد، بقدر ما يرتبط بشبكة من العوامل الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والثقافية والسياسية والدينية والعرقية والإثنية، تتشابك فيما بينها لتولد تلك الأسباب المؤدية للعنف ضد النساء والداعمة له. وهذا ما يؤدي إلى تعدد المنظورات المختلفة التي يجب أن تشترك في الكشف عن شبكة العنف ضد المرأة مثل الدراسات النسوية، وعلم الجريمة، والتنمية، وحقوق الإنسان، والصحة العامة، وعلم الاجتماع، وعلم النفس، والتاريخ، والدين، والبحوث القانونية والتشريعية.
The research addresses the most important elements of the ancient Iraqi heritage represented by architecture and plastic arts being the direct means that preserved the heritage due to the ease of preserving them and the speed of circulating them and diversity of their topics. Through the features of these elements, the research problem has been defined in the form of questions including: what are the most important elements of the ancient Iraqi heritage? What are the plastic arts? What are the most important topics adopted? What is the concept of palm in the ancient Iraqi heritage? What is the evidence for that?
Has it been employed in the Iraqi contemporary art? What is the evidence for that? How to employ it in the arts and t
The emergence of artistic movements in Western countries was after the period of modernity. They have introduced a great dialectical problem at the level of thought and discourse, which necessitated a change in the course of the aesthetic discourse into new visions. Thus, the present research aims to identify the aesthetic discourse of pop artists' Art and its representations in the outputs of the students of the Department of Art Education. The theoretical framework included two sections: the first one, what is the aesthetic discourse and the second is the educational bases of the students' outputs. The procedures of the current research included the analytical descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of (4) outputs chosen ac
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This Paper aims to plan the production of the electrical distribution converter (400 KV/11) for one month at Diyala Public Company and with more than one goal for the decision-maker in a fuzzy environment. The fuzzy demand was forecasting using the fuzzy time series model. The fuzzy lead time for raw materials involved in the production of the electrical distribution converter (400 KV/11) was addressed using the fuzzy inference matrix through the application of the matrix in Matlab, and since the decision-maker has more than one goal, so a mathematical model of goal programming was create, which aims to achieve two goals, the first is to reduce the total production costs of the electrical distribution converter (400 KV/11) and th
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The aim of the research is to present and discuss the subject of the budgeting estimates and how to activate the role of the Federal board of supreme audit in examining these estimates through reference to Articles 6 and 10 of the Federal board of supreme Law, which did not restrict Federal board of supreme in Preventive control on examination process for planning which is prepared from the government units, as the result of a large amount of government units Provisions and the weakness of estimates in most of its items, which rely on personal assessment and not based on scientific and logical basis of the estimate, which leads to the emergence of a deficit is not true in the general budget and this seems clear in most Iraq
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تضمّنت الاسطوغرافيا العثمانية التركية حول ثيمة محمية الج ا زئر في -
الفترة العثمانية مؤلفات صُبغت بعضيا بطابع الموالاة والتحيّز
This study aims to measure and analyze the direct and indirect effects of the financial variables, namely (public spending, public revenues, internal debt, and external debt), on the non-oil productive sectors with and without bank credit as an intermediate variable, using quarterly data for the period (2004Q1–2021Q4), converted using Eviews 12. To measure the objective of the study, the path analysis method was used using IBM SPSS-AMOS. The study concluded that the direct and indirect effects of financial variables have a weak role in directing bank credit towards the productive sectors in Iraq, which amounted to (0.18), as a result of market risks or unstable expectations in the economy. In addition to the weak credit ratings of borr
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Football has progressed from being a ritual and a celebration to become an amateur sport, a professional sport, and now, increasingly, a commercial sport. In the analysis of football business model, the systemic approach should be adopted. If sport is regarded as one of the business sectors, then the application of business system methodology can be fully justified. The interest to create strong football business system calls for the search of the ways of popularizing football business model and boosting the economic potential of its participants. In the research literature tend to ignore the business processes within the sports business. Besides, the systemic approach in football business is usually limited to p
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The determination of critical micelle concentration of selected non-ionic surfactants (Tween 20,40 and 80) have been investigated using magnetic water(MW)as an aqueous medium.Conductometry technique is used to determine critical micelle concentration.The effect of alcohol addition and temperature variation at the range(293.15 -303.15K) are also pursued. It is concluded that the process of micellization is spontaneous and endothermic because of the observed free energy of micellization (ΔGom) , enthalpy change of micellization (ΔHom), and entropy change of micellization (ΔSom) for the system was also studied.The properties of the non-ionic surfactants were studied, both in absence and presence of
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This study examines the role played by the Iraqi media in promoting the values of citizenship and the dimensions of the various sectors of Iraqi society, an important segment namely university youth section.
The study intended to identify “the role of the Iraqi media organizations in promoting The sense of citizenship among young Iraqi university”, through: -
1. Identifying the most important Iraqi media, which works to promote the dimensions of citizenship and values.
2. To identify the extent of the contribution of the Iraqi media in promoting citizenship in dimensions (patriotic belonging, legal, political, economic, social, cultural).
The study provided a set of hypotheses, namely:-
Emotional competence, is relatively a new concept, stands for the ability of people to perceive their feelings and emotions, and sharing them with others. It also refers to capability in optimizing these feeling and emotions, and managing them over various situations. Thus, this study aims to examine the efficiency of counseling program in developing an emotional competence among intermediate school students in Baghdad city. The sample included group of female students at intermediate stage. The findings revealed none of experimental and control groups have statistically significant differences in pre-posttests of emotional competence efficiency.