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العنف الاسري ضد الاطفال
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اولاً : اهمية البحث والحاجة اليه :

تعد الطفولة مرحلة مهمة من مراحل حياة الانسان لانها ثروة مجتمعاتنا ومستقبلها وهي تمثل اللبنة الاولى في تركيب المجتمعات اذا ما صحلت صلح المجتمع وأذا ما فسدت فسد ذلك المجتمع ، لذا فأن تنمية القوى العقلية والبدنية والنفسية للطفل لمراحل نموه المختلفة هي مرحلة مهمة وخطيرة في الوقت ذاته لكي تسهم في بناء شخصيتهم في المستقبل واستثمار طاقاتهم من اجل تطوير وخدمة مجتمعاتهم ، ألا أن كثيراً من الاطفال كلما تقدم بهم العمر كلما زادت عليهم الضغوط الاجتماعية والنفسية وتناقصت الحماية الاسرية فيتولد بداخل الطفل العنف المادي والمعنوي واللفظي وغير اللفظي، ولم يسلم أي بلد من بلدان العالم من ظاهرة العنف التي يشهدها العالم اليوم سواء من الدول الغربية المتطورة أو من دول العالم الثالث ، تعد ظاهرة قديمة حديثة تعاني منها كافة لمجتمعات بغض النظر عن مستوياتها الاجتماعية والثقافية والاقتصادية منه بدء الخليقة ولا يوجد مجتمع من المجتمعات قد خلا منها على مر العصور (مركز الدراسات ، 2006 ، ص1).

فهي ليست حالة شخصية او عائلية بل قومية وعالمية وليس ادل على ذلك من قصة عنترة بن شداد وما كانب لقاه على يد والده من تحقير واستهراء بسبب لونه الاسود بل امتد الامر الى عدم الرغبة في الاعتراف بنسب عنترة اليه لالشئ الا لسواد لونه وغير ذلك من الامثلة التي يشهدها التاريخ وتدل على مدى العنف الذي قد يرتكبه الاباء في حق ابنائهم(بلا ، 2006 ،ص1).

ومن الدراسات الحديثة التي تناولت العنف الاسري ضد االاطفال في العراق حيث أثبتت الدراسة أن خوف الطفل من والده بنسبة (68.4%) ومن الام بنسبة (31.5%) واستخدام التوبيخ والضرب والصراخ ولِد لدى الابناء اضطراب وألم نفسي أتخذ اشكال متعددة كالكذب والبكاء والتبول الليلي وفقدان الشهية وعدم قدرة الطفل على تكوين علاقات سوية مع الاخرين وتراوحت أعمار الاطفال من فئة (4-14) سنة. (مهدي ، 2004 ، ص29).

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