The study seeks to examine the level of personal efficacy and its relation to mental alertness among university students. Besides, the statistically significant differences in regard of students' gender, and the correlation between male and female. To do this, the researcher adopted two scales: one to measure the personal efficacy which was made up by (abed al-jabaar, 2010) included (26) items, and the other to measure the mental alertness that designed by (abed Allah, 2012) included (36) items. A total of (120) student were selected randomly from three-different colleges at the Al-Mustansiriyah University for the academic year 2016-2017. The findings revealed there are no significant differences among students in regard of the personal

One of the important goals in the learning process is to be effective learning through the self-direction of the learner , because it has an impact on the effort of learners , it is better to be a learner responsible for learning and independent of the acquisition of knowledge ,

اذ اكدتكثيرAs many have confirmed منFrom الدراساتStudies والادبياتAnd literature انthat فشلالكثير The failure of many منFrom الطلبةStudents فيin a تنظيمgroup المعلوماتthe information ومعالجتهاAnd processed اثناءduring عمليةProcess تعلمهمLearn them لاNo يرجعReturns الىto me انخفاضdrop فيin a درجةDegree ذكائهمTheir intelligence اوor عدمNo

     Increasing need for our youth to effective dialogue at the present time, due to the nature of the era in which live, as it abounded risk of intellectual and cultural invasion.Moreover, the need to ensure that the dialogue between the members of the community to confront the many issues of contemporary society in various fields, politically, socially and economically, culturally and religiouslyThe absence of effective dialogue, or the consequent rejection of many of the negative aspects of social and cultural Kaezzlh coup and inertia and ignore the mental capacity of some non-existent among others.The importance of effective dialogue in being the most important foundations of social life a

The study of the concept of the location of control and the level of ambition of important topics and represent a large area in the educational and psychological sciences, which gives importance to this study at the present time, is the complex and difficult conditions experienced by the Kurdish man, all age groups or social segments, and because of the changes It increases the rate of stress and hardship, which in turn raises the rate of psychological and physical disorder to prevent a healthy individual's compatibility, which has a fundamental impact on their personality, leading to a defect in some important organs of the personality.
   The research aimed to identify the location of control among students of the Uni

The behavior of thinking is consider one of the modern concepts that appear in the last 20 years, this concept has attracted the attention of psychologists and researchers for thinking has a great role in many fields like teaching ,educational,economical,cultural and social fields.
One of thinking manner is imaginal thinking that has a great role in human civilization. imaginal thinking lead to innovation ,poems, inventions and arts. imaginal thinkingled to highscores in talented schools by escalating their thinking range and solving problems that consider one of organized and free assumption thinking.
The development of problems thinking strategies reflect the development of organized brain process ability.
That studies assumes

This study aims to identify the effects of globalized media on the creed deviation of young adults in the light of the challenges of globalization in all its forms. It aims to identify globalization’s most important means; media, while clarifying its concept and its most important types and tools and employing all media means for learning and proper education. The latters are safeguarded from the influences and effects of globalization, developing the spirit of coexistence and peaceful dialogue with others and clarifying the effect of creed deviation on weakening the Muslim community. The importance of the topic lie in how to address and maintain the ideological values ​​and morals of our youth, make them aware of the challenges/da

A school uniform is an international educational phenomenon , and that each
state through its pedagogical educational system imposes uniform hopping for goals
and visions that complement their theoretical framework, because of its extreme
importance that benefits the school administration, parents and pupils . The carried
out researches unanimous in various parts of the world on its importance,
including : the achievement of equality between students and strengthen their
affiliation to the school as well as the good appearance , and reduces competition in
the clothing and the maintenance of order in the classroom and school as well as
increases the seriousness and focus of students to study and make them known bot

The current research was aimed at the following:
1. Measurement of Personality Type Observer of the University students.
2. Identify the differences in Personality Type Observer among the University students according to variable of Sex (male / female). And according to variable of Specialization (scientific / literary)
3. Measurement of Withdrawal of the University students.
4. Identify the differences in Withdrawal among the University students according to variable of Sex (male / female). And according to variable of Specialization (scientific / literary).
5. Identify the relationship between Personality Type Observer and Withdrawal.
To achieve this aims of the research, the researchers set up the instrument is scale

According to Bowens Family systems theory self – differentiation defiance as a
construct that consists of two interrelated abilities : the first is an intrapsychic
ability to distinguish between the thoughts and feelings , and an inter personal
ability to maintain connections with others while achieving an autonomous self .
The present research concerned in testing the hypothesis of marital similarity
(people married persons with the same level of self – differentiation).
The present research aimed to:
1. Measures self – differentiation of university officers .
2. Measures self - differentiation of sample husbands' .
3. Measures self - differentiation of sample wives .
4. Acquaint to the relation betwe