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Higher education in Iraq : its process and features of development during the period of 1932 A.D – 1958 A.D
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In order to specify the features of higher education process and its quantitative and qualitative development in Iraq ; one should look back at its historical process and the need of interesting with it .

Accordingly , there will be a chance for verifying the demand of the Iraqi society according to the political , social , and cultural changes especially  during the national governance (1932 – 1958 ) .

For depicting the most important quantitative and qualitative development of this kind of education the period of 1932 -1958 , and since there is no previous study that tackled this topic , here comes the need of writing this paper .

After historical and descriptive analysis of the data and the information supported by the references and the books , the paper concluded the following :

  • During this period , higher education in Iraq had witnessed the development of several colleges like college of economy and trade 1936  , college of pharmacy 1938 ,college of arts and sciences 1949 ,guiding college 1948, college of agricultural 1950 ,college of dentistry 1953 , college of veterinary medicine 1955 .
  • Many schools and higher institutes where also established like : college of domestic arts 1932 – 1933 , institutes of fine arts 1936 , institute of Queen Alyaa 1945 , the higher institute of industrial engineering 1950 , the higher institute of physical education 1954.
  • Sevral college and institutes had also been reopened and the developed . those which already existed in 1932 like : law school 1908 , college of sharia 1912,college of engineering 1917 , higher academy of teachers 1923 ,college of medicine 1927 .
  • That historical period of the higher education development had also witnessed a quantitative and qualitative growth in preparing students ( males – females ) and instructors in the higher institutes and college , in addition to the growth of quality and the quantity of students missions from Iraq and the other Arabic countries .
  • That period had also involved the establishment of the first Iraqi University called University of Baghdad.
  • Several committees had been formed in that period .they discussed the importance of opening several colleges and concentrated on the curricula taught there . they also discussed the means of putting criteria of students acceptance in the college and institutes .  

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 02 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination the Concentration of the Radon in some Drinking Bottled Water in Baghdad using LR-115 Detector
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In the present study ten samples of bottled water from Baghdad conservative were taken to measure the concentration of radon gas by using nuclear track detector LR-115.The result obtained are varying from(0.033)to(0.007)pCi.l-1and these values are very low than the allowed limits (5) pCi.l-1, and specific activity from bottled water has been calculated which was vary from (0.00027)to(0.00126) Bq.l-1 and these values are very low than allowed limits (0.0123) Bq.l-1 that mean the bottled water was treated with good treatment to decrease the side effect of radon

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Malaysian Journal Of Science
DETERMINATION OF URANIUM CONCENTRATIONS IN RICE SAMPLES AVAILABLE IN THE IRAQI MARKET USING THE CR-39 DETECTOR
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In this study, the results of the uranium concentrations and specific activity in 10 rice samples are described using a solid-state track detector (CR-39). Samples were collected from various local Iraqi markets with different origins (Iraq, India, America, and Thailand). Our findings found that the results of uranium concentration in all studied samples are ranging from (0.55 ± 0.28 to 1.74 ± 0.31) ppm with a weighted average of (1.24 ± 0.99) ppm. Also, results demonstrate that the specific activity values of the studied samples swing between values of (6.88 ± 3.52 and 21.49 ± 3.85) Bq/Kg. The obtained results of the studied rice samples are indicated that it is less than the acceptable limit of those studies established by ma

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 17 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Discrete Mathematical Sciences And Cryptography
Minimum spanning tree application in Covid-19 network structure analysis in the countries of the Middle East
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Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has threatened human life, so it has become necessary to study this disease from many aspects. This study aims to identify the nature of the effect of interdependence between these countries and the impact of each other on each other by designating these countries as heads for the proposed graph and measuring the distance between them using the ultrametric spanning tree. In this paper, a network of countries in the Middle East is described using the tools of graph theory.

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 27 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
open-source enterprise resource planning system Odoo roll in rationalizing the costs of the Ishtar Sheraton Hotel/ applied research
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The Accommodation industry in Iraq suffers from many problems, especially after 2003, when the Accommodation industry was exposed to many crises due to the security and political situation in Iraq, which negatively affected the administrative operations inside the industry and created many problems, the most important of which are deterioration, high costs and poor performance, so some hotel administrations sought To find alternative solutions that help in the advancement of hotels, one of the proposals is to go to technology, as technology is currently one of the most important solutions to solve large complex problems, as the world has turned to automation to solve complex problems such as increasing production, reducing costs, and rai

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Publication Date
Mon May 27 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
Pluralism in Tuning the Contemporary Arab Oud Strings - Egyptian and Iraqi Schools Model: فراس ياسين جاسم
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The Egyptian and Iraqi schools are one of the most important musical schools in the style of playing the oud. The influence of the style of these schools extended in the contemporary Arab world, and there were important names that emerged characterized with their style of playing. Thus, the ways of tuning the strings of oud varied between the two schools because of the difference in the ways of playing and the difference in the style of expression. The aim of the research was to identify the pluralism of the variable tunings of the strings of the contemporary Arab oud of the Egyptian and Iraqi schools, along the historical period extending from the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries to the present time. The oud has been classified i

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 23 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Correlation between Seminal Fructosamine and Glycosylation Gap and Some Sex Hormones in the Young Infertile Male in Mosul City
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Infertility represents a growing health problem in Mosul city and worldwide. Infertility defined as a failure to induce pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse for more than 12 months. Infertility in male is a multifactorial complex pathology that leads to different types of problems. This work try to explore the correlation between glycosylation gap and seminal fructosamine and another parameter in the young male patient in Mosul city. The study included 50 subjects with age range 19-29 year with BMI 18-26. The infertility group include 25 patients newly diagnosed with infertility before starting any treatment; have no infection and no structural abnormality. The control group included 25 healthy subjects. HbA1c, fructosamine, Se

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A comparative reading of the social and political satire in the works of Abu al-Fadl Zrui Nasrabad and Ahmad Rajab (The tadhk: خوانش تطبیقی طنز اجتماعی – سیاسی در آثار ابوالفضل زرویی نصرآباد و احمد رجب(مورد مطالعه: تذکرة المقامات زرویی و نصف كلمة احمد رجب)
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           Satire is genre of the literary arts that has always been the source of human interest. Because  it is difficult to accept direct criticism, Satire appears as a literary tool in which vices, follies, abuses and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. A satirical critic usually employs irony to attain this goal. Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often profitable social criticism, using wit to draw at

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 07 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
COMPARISON BETEEEN THE CONSUMPTION OF RED MEAT AND WHITE MEAT FOR ASAMPLE OF CITIZENS OF THE CITY OF BAGHDAD/ AN EXPLORATORY STUDY : COMPARISON BETEEEN THE CONSUMPTION OF RED MEAT AND WHITE MEAT FOR ASAMPLE OF CITIZENS OF THE CITY OF BAGHDAD/ AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
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Three hundred Iraqi people participated in demographic and attitudes study about red and white meat consumption. The mean age of the participants was 50 SD ± 11 years (mean 30-72); 51% were females and 49% males, mostly in forties who lived ≥ 5 years in Baghdad. The results showed that 80% of individuals prefer red meat. A 90% of people prefer fresh meat compared to frozen and processed meat. A 60% of people buy meat from popular markets. Nearly 87% of respondents believe the improving of livestock sector is essential and 80% of people confirmed there are obstacles to development this sector. An 80% of participates thought the reasons of the high prices of local fresh meat is the lack of plann

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 11 2021
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De PsicologÍa Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte
EFFECT OF USING THE STRATEGY OF SIMILARITIES IN TEACHING SOME BASIC SKILLS OF BASKETBALL FOR STUDENTS OF THE SECOND INTERMEDIATE
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The modern teaching methods, and their importance in achieving the desired learning goals for the individual and the society, have been addressed, as it is necessary to develop the methods, ways and strategies used in the process of teaching the intermediate stages in the various fields in general and the field of physical education in particular, the importance of research is the effect of using the strategy of similarities in teaching some basic skills of basketball for students of the second intermediate. As for the problem of research, the researcher mentioned the lack of use of teachers’ strategy method similarities in the educational units because of its importance, and after study and analysis the researcher found it necessary to i

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 24 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of a Rational Emotional Behavioral Program in Developing Self-Efficacy to Reduce the Burnout among Teachers of Students with Autism Disorder
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The aim of this study is to identify the effectiveness of a rational, emotional, behavioral program in developing self-efficacy to reduce the level of Burnout in 20 teachers of students with autism disorder in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The proposed program included 12 training sessions. The researcher found that the proposed program has contributed significantly to the development of self-efficacy and reduce the level of Burnout for the targeted subject in this study.

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