This research is an important topic criterion to distinguish between the Treaty and the Convention, Which is divided into the following;                                                      

First topic; The nature of the treaty, Where we dealt with the definition of the treaty, and we explained the conditions of the formal and objective, and we focused on explaining the provisions of the incomplete ratification and its legal effects, and we walked to the handle of

Computer programs are one of the most prominent features of technical progress in the field of information technology, which has raised many new issues that have not existed since the mid-twentieth century. and controls on the use of these programs by third parties, Controversy still exists about the legal nature of computer programs between those who believe that they are subject to the laws of patents and industrial property, and those who believe that they are subject to the laws of copyright protection and literary and artistic property, and the resulting difference in the scope of protection and rights established according to the legal system adopted in the application. This study comes to shed light on the legal nature of computer

Computer programs are one of the most prominent features of technical progress in the field of information technology, which has raised many new issues that have not existed since the mid-twentieth century. and controls on the use of these programs by third parties,

Controversy still exists about the legal nature of computer programs between those who believe that they are subject to the laws of patents and industrial property, and those who believe that they are subject to the laws of copyright protection and literary and artistic property, and the resulting difference in the scope of protection and rights established according to the legal system adopted in the application.

This study comes to shed light on the legal na

The emergence of one-person company as a necessary to cope with the needs of the market and the result of economic development and trade activities and the need for the market for the emergence of many companies and increase the opportunity to work and eliminate unemployment. One person is a turning point because it will encourage many owners of economic activities to establish these companies properly legally, which has an impact on improving the economy in the indicators of global competitiveness and in order to reduce the sham companies, and the development of business Irrigation and investment activities practiced by the various companies have emerged the need for this company, has been e-commerce and its role in small and medium-siz

In this research, we will deal with the administrative body concerned with the management, exploitation and regulation of oil activity and oil operations, which the Iraqi legislation in force dealt with in terms of composition and tasks. And the Ministry of Natural Resources and public companies specialized in oil affairs, and both facilities operate independently without unified cooperation or guidance between them, with the union of the subject of activity, which is the oil and gas wealth owned by the entire Iraqi people. Where it was noted that there are two authorities that use the method of centralization and decentralization in the management of oil operations, and it was also noted that there is a mismatch between the legislation

This research discusses the right of control in accordance with the rules of Rotterdam, and the UAE Maritime Commercial Law No. (26) of 1981 AD, the right of the sender and the consignee to issue instructions to the carrier regarding the goods, and the topic has been divided into two sections, the first topic entitled What is the right of control for seaborne goods, and the second topic It deals with the rights and obligations of the party controlling the seaborne goods.

he study concluded with many results and recommendations, including: that the right of the sender to direct and dispose of the goods during the sea voyage is not linked to the right of ownership contained in the goods; Because of their independence, the ownership

The emergence of the central bank was a commercial bank the advantage of the government as if it belonged to him or the privilege of issuing banknotes. There is no comprehensive definition contrary to the concept of the central bank although everyone agrees that the central bank stands at the head of the banking system in the state and takes charge of banking and credit policy in the country.

The central bank is a governmental institution that dominates the monetary and banking system of the state it is responsible for issuing cash and acting as the financial agent of the government in addition to credit central in order to support the economic growth and monetary stability of the country and the central role of the central bank

Prosthetic is an artificial tool that replaces a member of the human frame that is  absent because of ailment, damage, or distortion. The current research activities in Iraq draw interest to the upper limb discipline because of the growth in the number  of amputees. Thus, it becomes necessary to increase researches in this subject to help in reducing the struggling patients.  This paper describes the design and development of a prosthesis for people able and wear them from persons who have amputation in the hands. This design is composed of a hand with five fingers moving by means of a gearbox ism mechanism. The design of this artificial hand has 5 degrees of freedom. This artificial hand works based on the principle of &n

      ان اي مجتمع لابد له من سلطة تنظم امره وتدبر شؤونه لان المجتمع الانساني ضروري ويعبر الحكماء عن هذا بقولهم (( الانسان مدني بالطبع اي لابد له من الاجتماع ))⁽

[i]⁾ ، وان مبدأ سيادة القانون يتطلب وجود دولة قانونية تقوم على اركان حقيقية تستمد قوتها من الشعب باعتباره مصدر السلطات ،ولها قوة ملزمة تستمدها من القواعد الدستورية التي ارست عليها بنائها القان

Sort out the stability of the principle of separation of power to stabilize the rules for the distribution of power to the three state authorities (legislative, executive and Judicial), this, in turn led to emergence of the principle of legislative unilateralism, which means that the legislative authority is unique and not the other by exercising legislative competence, except with the permission of the legislative or the provisions of the constitution, this led to the emergence of what is known as the traditional relationship between law and regulation. However, this principle began to lose it, severity due the political, social and economic condition which changed the relationship between the law and the regulation, consequently, the l