the student of the structure of the city and its constituent elements will clearly sense the invisible relationships that underlie the different forms of urban activity, which in turn are defined by the generality of the urban patterns in that city, which will vary clearly according to the location in the city. These relations will be embodied in their true form in the interactions between the different uses of the earth, and the change that will result from their regularity in the form of entities in independent groups, which may share with each other a component of it.
Therefore, the process of controlling the functional interactions between the uses of the urban land and the awareness of t

  Granting rights, especially procedural, to victims before the International Criminal Court (ICC) is a fundamental departure from international criminal courts, whether (temporary or mixed military courts), and for the first time in the history of international criminal justice, victims can participate in reparations procedures before the Criminal Court. Where they can express their views and concerns at all stages of the proceedings, as the 1998 Rome Statute made the victim an active party in the court proceedings by recognizing a number of rights, such as the right to participate in the trial, the right to protection, and the right to legal representation, As well as the right to reparation or compensation.

The international system that established the United Nations after the end of the Second World War witnessed many changes. These changes overshadowed the nature of the work of the international organization, especially its first and most important executive organ (the Security Council). This has sometimes weakened and dulled the Security Council's role in performing the tasks stipulated in the Charter of the Organization, which has led the Organization itself to work on reforms within it in general and to seek reforms in the Security Council in particular. Academic and advisory efforts were made to submit proposals for amendment to be reflected on the Council's performance effectiveness.

        he responsibility system has an important role in various international fields, including the area of ​​the proliferation of small and light weapons, and the destabilization and imbalance that this proliferation causes causes and legal centers, because without them, the agreement rules have no impact and significance, given the guarantees decided by the responsibility to ensure respect for the obligations imposed by that system,  Every action that violates the provisions of international law, whether it comes to a simple violation of an international obligation or a violation of a fundamental obligation that affects the interests of the international community requires the accountabilit

It is necessary to examine the nature of the Turkish position and what Turkey seeks to achieve at the international, regional and Iraqi levels. Or is this external role an expression of foreign policy and has not yet reached the level of maturity that reaches the stage of strategy? The answer to this question is the essence of research in the Turkish role. The answer to this question requires the realization of the elements and pillars that guarantee Turkey's continuity and survival. Continuity is a cornerstone of the strategy. The continuity of the role and its interaction with the event and the ability to employ multiple alternatives are what qualify the state to describe its politics. The external strategy has evolved into. In order t

Since the emergence of the science of international relations as an independent academic scientific field,  various theories and trends have appeared and have tried to understand and explain the international reality and give a clear picture of what is happening within the international system of interactions and influences and the search for tools for stability and peace in international relations. Among these theories is the feminist theory, which is a new intellectual trend on the level of international relations theories,  which tried to give an explanation of what is happening in world politics and in international relations in particular. The main issue that feminist theory is concerned with is the lack of women’s subordination

       The emergency arbitration mechanism is a relatively recent system in arbitration at the level of both national and medicinal legislation and rules.  It does not adequately accommodate the needs of the parties in situations that require quick and effective procedures. In many cases, the complaint of the arbitral tribunal may take weeks or months, in order to obtain the primary protection on which the settlement of the dispute is focused. For the past decade, emergency arbitration has become one of the biggest activity of the success of international arbitration, and it can even be said that there is no other new arbitration, this mechanism provides urgent protection to the parties before the forma

        The topic of the research revolves around constructivist theory, which is one of the most important theories that added weight to the theoretical and epistemological field of international relations. The constructivist theory studies international relations from a completely different side of theories by focusing on the social aspects of international relations, and by looking at international relations as social constructs. Ideas, cultures, norms, standards and language play a major role in their formation. The study also examines the state of the war on terrorism as it represents one of the most international cases in which its composition and composition coincide with constructive ideas and a

The Security Council has an active role in addressing international crises and dealing with their causes. The Libyan crisis is one of the most important real tests of the Security Council and its role in maintaining international peace and security, as the Council has proven so far an ineffective role in resolving the crisis and dealing withtheir causes, which has prolonged its duration and increased its complexities and dangerous repercussions, perhaps the most prominent of which is the threat of the recently achieved cease-fire and the formation of a new transitional government led by Abdel Hamid al-Dabaiba, the growing significant obstacles facing the political process, foremost of which is the continued presence of foreign forces , m

That the International Court of Justice is a court of first and last instance, it is a fundamental principle that its rulings are final and cannot be appealed as stipulated in Article 60 of the Statute. Nevertheless, the provision of this Article provides that the States parties to the case may request an interpretation of the decision,  When certain conditions are available, the International Court of Justice has traditionally issued interpretative rulings when the ruling is marred by any ambiguity or ambiguity.  Final determination of judgment and res judicata, in the case of interpretation, if a decision or part of a decision is ambiguous, it may prove impossible for the States Parties to comply with it, and then a request f