The present paper is an experimental study to improve the productivity of the conventional solar still. This done by modifying conventional still in a way that the distilled basin is larger than distillation basin, thus providing an increase in the condensation surface and speeding up the condensation process. Moreover, increase in the dimensions of the distilled base helps coupling reflective panels to the distilled base to reflect incident solar radiation to the distillation basin. For this purpose , two solar stills were made, one conventional designand another made according to the proposed design. The two solar stills were tested during the period from February to July 2009 under varying weather conditions of Basra, Iraq (latitude o

For the most reliable and reproducible results for calibration or general testing purposes of two immiscible liquids, such as water in engine oil, good emulsification is vital. This study explores the impact of emulsion quality on the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy calibration standards for measuring water contamination in used or in-service engine oil, in an attempt to strengthen the specific guidelines of ASTM International standards for sample preparation. By using different emulsification techniques and readily available laboratory equipment, this work is an attempt to establish the ideal sample preparation technique for reliability, repeatability, and reproducibility for FT-IR analysis while still considering t

Background: Fractures of patella constitute 1% of all fractures. Various techniques have been described for internal fixation of patella fractures. Superiority of one technique over the other has long been debated. Objective: We reviewed a series of seventy patients with transverse or comminuted fractures of patella treated with cerclage and tension band wiring technique to assess if it had any advantages over k. wires and tension band wiring technique. Type of the study: Retrospective study. Methods; Seventy patients with displaced patella fracture, with a mean age of 47 years (range 13-75) were divided into two groups :group A 36 patients were treated with cerclage and tension bands technique ,and group B 34 patients were fixed by 2 K.

Sorption is a key factor in removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from their aqueous solutions. In this study, we investigated the removal of Xylenol Orange tetrasodium salt (XOTS) from its aqueous solution by Bauxite (BXT) and cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide modified Bauxite (BXT-HDTMA) in batch experiments. The BXT and BXT-HDTMA were characterized using FTIR, and SEM techniques. Adsorption studies were performed at various parameters i.e. temperature, contact time, adsorbent weight, and pH. The modified BXT showed better maximum removal efficiency (98.6% at pH = 9.03) compared to natural Bauxite (75% at pH 2.27), suggesting that BXT-HDTMA is an excellent adsorbent for the removal of XOTS from water. The equ

Background:Fractures of patella constitute 1% of all fractures. Various techniques have been described for internal fixation of patella fractures. Superiority of one technique over the other has long been debated. Objective:We reviewed a series of seventy patients with transverse or comminuted fractures of patella treated with cerclage and tension band wiring technique to assess if it had any advantages over k. wires and tension band wiring technique. Type of the study:Retrospective study.Methods; Seventy patients with displaced patella fracture, with a mean age of 47 years (range 13-75) were divided into two groups :group A 36 patients were treated with cerclageand tensi

Seeds of the two rice genotypes namely Amber 33 (A33) and Amber Baghdad (AB) were divided into two groups; the first was presoaked in different concentrations of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) as chemical mutagen for different duration times (3, 6 and 12) hrs, and the other was exposed to different exposure times of ultra violate (UV-B) radiation (280-320 nm) as physical mutagen for different times (20, 40 and 60) min at room temperature. Treated and non-treated seeds were transferred into the callus induction medium containing 2.5 mg/L 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/L benzyl adenine (BA) under aseptic conditions. Calli were divided into two groups the first was treated with several EMS concentrations (0.0, 0.50. 1.0, 1

A theoretical study on corrosion inhibitors was done by quantum calculations includes semi-empirical PM3 and Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods based on B3LYP/6311++G (2d,2P). Benzimidazole derivative (oxo(4- ((phenylcarbamothioyl) carbamoyl)phenyl) ammonio) oxonium (4NBP) and thiourea derivative 2-((4- bromobenzyl)thio) -1H-benzo[d] imidazole (2SB) were used as corrosion inhibitors and an essential quantum chemical parameters correlated with inhibition efficiency, EHOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital energy) and ELUMO (lowest molecular orbital energy). Other parameters are also studied like energy gap [ΔE (HOMO-LUMO)], electron affinity (EA), hardness (Δ), dipole moment (μ), softness (S), ionization potential (IE), absolut