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Modelling and Optimization of Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Phosphoric Acid by Red Pomegranate Peels Aqueous Extract
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Taguchi experimental design (TED) is applied to find the optimum effectiveness of aqueous Red Pomegranate Peel (RPP) extract as a green inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 2M H3PO4 solution. The Taguchi methodology has been used to study the effects of changing, temperature, RPP concentration and contact period, at three levels. Weight-loss measurements were designed by construction a L9 orthogonal arrangement of experiments.   Results of the efficiencies of inhibition were embraced for the signal to noise proportion & investigation of variance (ANOVA).  The results were further processed with a MINITAB-17 software package to find the optimal conditions for inhibitor usage. Second order polynomial model was used for experimental data fitting. Optimum conditions for achieving the maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency are obtained from optimizing the above model and are found as follow: 39.66 °C temperature of acidic media, 38.29 ml/L inhibitor concentration and 2.95 h contact period. Results demonstrated that rate of corrosion was increased with temperature increasing & decreasing inhibitor concentration.  It was concluded that the Taguchi design was adequately useful in the optimization of operating parameters and that RPP sufficiently inhibited the corrosion of steel at the range of variables studied.

 

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2007
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study of Mechanical Characteristics for Polymer Composite Reinforced by Particles of (Al2O3) or (Al)
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A particulate polymer composite material was prepared by reinforcing with the Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) or Aluminum (Al) metallic particles with a particle size of (30) µm to an unsaturated Polyester Resin with a weight fraction of (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%).

Tensile test results showed the maximum value of elastic modulus reached (2400MPa.)  in the case of reinforcing with (Al) particles with weight fraction (20%) and (1500 MPa.)  in the case of reinforcing with (Al2O3) particles of the same weight fraction.

  When the impact and the flexural strength tests were done, the results showed that flexural strength (F.S), maximum shear stress (τmax), impact strength

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2013
Journal Name
Diyala Journal For Pure Sciences
Multipole Mixing Ratios for Gamma transitions in 56Fe populated in Reaction by using least square fitting method .
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The γ- mixing ratios of γ- transitions from levels of 56Fe populated in reaction are calculated using least square fitting program for the first time in the case of pure and mixed transitions the results obtained have been compound with γ Values determined by other methods .The comparison shows that the agreement is good this confirmed the valilety of this method in calculating of values for such γ- transitions key word: γ- transition ,Multipole mixing ratios ,Least square fitting method.

Publication Date
Tue Jul 21 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Assessment of dental implant stability during healing period and determination of the factors that affect implant stability by means of resonance frequency analysis(Clinical study)
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Background: Implant stability is considered one of the most important factors affecting healing and successful osseointegration of dental implants. The aims of the study were to measure the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values during the healing period and to determine the factors that affect implant stability. Materials and methods: Thirty patients enrolled in the study (17 female, 13 male). They received 44 Implantium® Dental Implants located as the following: 22 implants in maxillary jaw, 22 implants in mandibular jaw from them 17 implants in anterior segment and 27 in posterior segment. The bone density determined using interactive CT scan and classified according to the Misch bone density classification (29 implants in (D3), 15 i

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Polish Journal Of Chemical Technology
Preparation of nano SnO<sub>2</sub>-Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite electrode by cathodic deposition for the elimination of phenol by Sonoelectrochemical oxidation
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The preparation of composite metal oxide to attain high efficiency in removing phenol from wastewater has a great concern. In the present study, the focus would be on adopting antimony-tin oxide coating onto graphite substrates instead of titanium; besides the effect of SbCl3 concentration on the SnO2-Sb2O3 composite would be examined. The performance of this composite electrode as the working electrode in the removal of phenol by sonoelectrochemical oxidation will be studied. The antimony-tin dioxide composite electrode was prepared by cathodic deposition with SnCl2 . 2H2O solution in a mixture of HNO3 and NaNO3, with different concentrations of SbCl3. The SnO2-Sb2O3 deposit layer’s structure and morphology were examined and the 4 g/l Sb

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Materials
IJM013 Effects of Partial Oxygen Content on Crystalline Structure and Surface Topography of Nanostructured Al2O3 Thin Films Prepared by DC Reactive Sputtering Technique
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Aluminum oxide thin films were prepared by dc reactive sputtering technique using different mixing ratios of argon and oxygen gases (90:10, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 10:90). These films were characterized to introduce their crystalline structures, surface morphology, and elemental composition. A progressive transition occurs from a predominantly amorphous to a highly crystalline Al2O3 film as the oxygen content in the Ar:O2 gas mixture is increased. Increasing the oxygen content leads to a progressive decrease in surface roughness, resulting in smoother and more uniform films with finer granular features. The oxygen-rich environments yield the smoothest surfaces, while argon-rich environments result in significantly rougher surfaces. These f

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of Zinc (Zn) -Doped on the Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of (Cdo)1-Xznx Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique
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Pure cadmium oxide films (CdO) and doped with zinc were prepared at different atomic ratios using a pulsed laser deposition technique using an ND-YAG laser from the targets of the pressed powder capsules. X-ray diffraction measurements showed a cubic-shaped of CdO structure. Another phase appeared, especially in high percentages of zinc, corresponding to the hexagonal structure of zinc. The degree of crystallinity, as well as the crystal size, increased with the increase of the zinc ratio for the used targets. The atomic force microscopy measurements showed that increasing the dopant percentage leads to an increase in the size of the nanoparticles, the particle size distribution was irregular and wide, in addition, to increase the surfac

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Estimation of secondary compounds content of some citrus leaves and their relationship by dietary preference for yellow scale insect Aonidiella. Orientalis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
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Abstract<p>The yellow scale insect <italic>Aonidiella orientalis</italic> is an important pest of citrus trees as it absorbs sap from leaves and fruits, causing leaves to turn yellow and deform fruits and drop them. The results of study showed nutritional preference of the insect over some of studied citrus species, as sour orange was the most preferred, followed by lemon and grapefruit, mandarin and oranges were least preferred, with a rate of 22.3, 13.3, 11.7, 10.8, 3.9, and insect / 2 inch<sup>2</sup>, respectively. while results showed a difference in the content of citrus leaves from the secondary compounds, with highest concentration of phenols and total flavonoids in o</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effect of Extraction Temperature and Solvent to Oil Ratio on Viscosity Index of Mixed-medium Lubricating Oil Fraction by Using Solvents Extraction
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In this study two types of extraction solvents were used to extract the undesirable polyaromatics, the first solvent was furfural which was used today in the Iraqi refineries and the second was NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone).
The studied effecting variables of extraction are extraction temperature ranged from 70 to 110°C and solvent to oil ratio in the range from 1:1 to 4:1.
The results of this investigation show that the viscosity index of mixed-medium lubricating oil fraction increases with increasing extraction temperature and reaches 107.82 for NMP extraction at extraction temperature 110°C and solvent to oil ratio 4:1, while the viscosity index reaches to 101 for furfural extraction at the same extraction temperature and same

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 20 2022
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Simulation of the remediation of groundwater contaminated with ciprofloxacin using grafted concrete demolition wastes by ATPES as reactive material: Batch and modeling study
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 21 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Immunohistochemical evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta on osseointegration of CpTi implant radiated by low level laser therapy
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Background: Dental implants provide a unique treatment modality for the replacement of lost dentition .This is accomplished by the insertion of relatively inert material (a biomaterial) into the soft and hard tissue of the jaws, there by providing support and retention for dental prostheses. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is an effective tool used to prompt bone repair and modeling post surgery; this has referred to the biostimulation effect of LLLT. The aims of this study were to evaluate the immmunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor -beta (TGF-β) in experimental and control groups with mechanical test. Materials and Methods: Thirty two adult New Zealand white rabbits use

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