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Thermal Characteristics of Closed Wet Cooling Tower Using Different Heat Exchanger Tubes Arrangement
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This paper presents thermal characteristics analysis of a modified Closed Wet Cooling Tower (CWCT) based on heat and mass transfer principles to improve the performance of this tower in Iraq. A prototype of CWCT optimized by added packing was designed, manufactured and tested for cooling capacity of 9 kW. Experiments are conducted to explore the effects of various operational and conformational parameters on the thermal performance. In the test section, spray water temperature and both dry bulb temperature and relative humidity of the air measured at intermediate points of the heat exchanger and packing. Heat exchangers consist of four rows and eight columns for an inline tubes arrangement and six rows and five columns for staggered tubes arrangement. According to experimental data, the inline tubes arrangement has a better thermal performance than the staggered tubes arrangement. The inline tubes arrangement enhanced thermal efficiency more than (7%) compared to the staggered tubes arrangement. Furthermore the effect of added packing to CWCT on thermal performance was significant compared to CWCT without packing. Comparing CWCT with packing, it has been observed that the best performance for the CWCT with packing under heat exchanger. It can be watched that the thermal efficiency for CWCT with packing under heat exchanger and CWCT with packing above heat exchanger approximately (28%) and (16%) higher than that CWCT without packing respectively. This study provides correlations to predict heat and mass transfer considering the influences of operational parameters for both inline and staggered heat exchanger tubes arrangement.

 

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 03 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Formulation and Evaluation of Acyclovir Microspheres
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The present study is to formulate and evaluate Acyclovir (ACV) microspheres using natural polymers like chitosan and sodium alginate. ACV is a DNA polymerase inhibitor used in treating herpes simplex virus infection and zoster varicella infections. Acyclovir is a suitable candidate for sustained-release (SR) administration as a result of its dosage regimen twice or thrice a day and relatively short plasma half-life (approximately 2 to 4 hours). Microspheres of ACV were prepared by an ionic dilution method using chitosan and sodium alginate as polymers. The prepared ACV microspheres were then subjected to FTIR, SEM, particle size, % yield, entrapment efficiency, in vitro dissolution studies and release kinetics mechanism. The FTI

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Infringement of Phonogram Producers’ Rights (Piracy)
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Piracy is one of the most important problems faced by sound record producers, because it is a problem that technology, evolves with the development of time and and although piracy is not a new problem, it has received great attention in recent years, because of the means by which (the Internet) and its size result from it, even In many of the ruler, describing it as (the crime of nd she participated in the great the electronic age) aharm it causes to all the groups involved in it producing the sound recording, because there are three categories that contribute to the production of the sound recording, which is (the author of the recorded work, the st who performs the work and the producer who artiperforms an operation Performance recording

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 14 2009
Journal Name
Diala , Jour
Synthesis of Barbiturate Derivatives from Imines
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Resmilitaris
The constitutionality of the local tax
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This study aims to reach the right of governorates that are not organized in a region to impose local legislation, including tax legislation, and the extent of the constitutionality of this legislation and its consistency with constitutional texts and legal rules. The imposition of local taxes finds its constitutional and legal basis in the Iraqi constitution for the year 2005 and the law of governorates not organized in a region.The imposition of local taxes corresponds to the principle of tax legality, which is reflected in the necessity of issuing tax laws from a competent authority, whether this authority is federal, regional or local. Rather, it is sufficient that it be competent

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Scopus
Publication Date
Fri Oct 09 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Management of facial fistulas and sinuses
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Background: A major difference between the treatment of the skin lesions and the odontogenic and non-odontogenic sinuses. We aimed to analyze a substantial number of consecutive causes in order to clinical suspicion in the differential diagnoses may be correctly weighted. Materials and methods: The material of this research consisted of 40 patients. A complete history is collected from the patients with the duration and the site of the sinus present, the patient was examined for factors of the fistulas and sinuses and its associations, and patient having any concomitant lesions, a medical consultation done for opinion and management. Clinical examination with facial fistulas and sinuses was mandatory to avoid any mistakes that may occur. A

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Simplification of new fashion design methods
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Simplification of new fashion design methods

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 03 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Copolymerization of Acrylamide with Acrylic acid
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Low conversion copolymerization of acrylamide AM (monomer-1) have been conducted with acrylic acid AA in dry benzene at 70°C , using Benzoyl peroxide BPO as initiator . The copolymer composition has been determined by elemental analysis. The monomer reactivity ratios have been calculated by the Kelen-Tudos and Finman-Ross graphical procedures. The derived reactivity ratios (r1, r2) are: (0.620, 0.996) for (AM / AA) systems , and found that the reactivity of the monomer AA is more than the monomer AM in the copolymerization of (AA/AM) system. The reactivity ratios values were used for microstructures calculation.

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Publication Date
Mon May 02 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences & Humanities
The Linguistic Study of Grammatical Metaphor
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 07 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
CO2 Laser Treatment of Cervical Ectropion
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Cervical ectropion is considered to be a physiologic condition caused by columnar epithelium migration from the cervical canal into the vaginal portion of the cervix and usually there is no treatement for clinically asymptomatic cervical ectropion . Treatment can be achieved by thermal cauterization (Electrocautery), Cryosurgery or laser vaporization. Aim of the study: To study the effectiveness of CO2 laser (10600nm) in treatment of symptomatic cervical ectropion . Setting: The study was carried out at Laser Medicine Research Clinic at the Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad between the first of August 2013 to the end of October 2013. Patients and Methods: Ten female Patients with age range between 25-48 y

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Frequency of genodermatoses among Iraqi patient
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HR Al-Hamami, AA Noaimi, MM Al-Waiz, AS Al-Kabraty, Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2010 - Cited by 4

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