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Predicting Biochemical Oxygen Demand at the Inlet of Al-Rustumiya Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Different Mathematical Techniques
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Water quality planning relies on Biochemical Oxygen Demand BOD. BOD testing takes five days. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is increasingly used for water resource forecasting. This work designed a PSO technique for estimating everyday BOD at Al-Rustumiya wastewater treatment facility inlet. Al-Rustumiya wastewater treatment plant provided 702 plant-scale data sets during 2012-2022. The PSO model uses the daily data of the water quality parameters, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), chloride (Cl-), suspended solid (SS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH, to determine how each variable affects the daily incoming BOD. PSO and multiple linear regression (MLR) findings are compared, and their performance is evaluated using mean square error, relative absolute mistake, and coefficient of determination. PSO utilised COD, TDS, SS, pH, and Cl- as inputs, generating a mean square error of 1029.10, an average absolute relative error of 9.41%, and a coefficient of determination of 0.89. Comparisons demonstrated that the PSO model could accurately calculate the daily BOD at Al-Rustumiya wastewater treatment plant's inlet.

 

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Methods of using the periodic chart in the case of the missing values of the stable AR model (2)
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In this study, we investigate the behavior of the estimated spectral density function of stationary time series in the case of missing values, which are generated by the second order Autoregressive (AR (2)) model, when the error term for the AR(2) model has many of continuous distributions. The Classical and Lomb periodograms used to study the behavior of the estimated spectral density function by using  the simulation.

 

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Phenomena of corruption and money laundering: and causes and risks and their role in the financing of terrorism in Iraq and finding ways of treatment
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Iraq  is Suffering nowadays from the criminal triad represented by the fiscal and administrative corruption, money laundering and terrorism, which are intertwined in a very related relations, as each of them support the other . Since the over growth has been one of its characteristics leaving behind a very dangerous negative effects whether it was social , economic or even political impacts . As a result , this trial is now represents a high risk that threatens the present and the future of Iraq . On the political , economic and social level , it is well to mention that the poor direct investment , the increasing rates of poverty , unemployment , inflation as well as the smuggling of goreign currency an

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
مجلة القادسية للعلوم الرياضية
The impact of leverage in two different environments on the development of weapons and arms explosion strength on some physiological indicators and the accuracy of the performance of the service and crushing volleyball skills
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ھدف البحث الـــــى : ١ -إعداد تدریبات القوة الارتدادیة في وسطین متباینین على بعض المؤشرات الفسیولوجیة لتطویر القوة الانفجاریة ودقة مھارتي الأرسال والضرب الساحق بالكرة الطائرة . ٢ -التعرف على تأثیر تدریبات القوة الارتدادیة في وسطین متباینین على بعض المؤشرات الفسیولوجیة لتطویر القوة الانفجاریة.. ٣ -التعرف على تأثیر تدریبات القوة الارتدادیة في وسطین متباینین على دقة مھارتي الأرسال والضرب الساحق بالكرة الطائرة

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2006
Journal Name
Smj
Treatment of alopecia areata by topical diclofenac sodium gel in comparison with benzoyl peroxide gel
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KE Sharqie, AA Al-Nuaimy, WJ Kadhum, SMJ, 2006 - Cited by 2

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2021
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Frequency of Pulmonary Aspergillosis Among Clinically Suspected and Under Treatment Tuberculosis Patients , Khartoum State , Sudan
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Background

Respiratory tract aspergillosis is a pulmonary disease cause by aspergillus species which are opportunistic fungi that mainly infect immuno-compromised patients .

 Objective(s)

The present study aimed to detect the frequency of pulmonary aspergillosis among clinically suspected and under follow up tuberculosis patients conducted at Tropical Diseases Teaching Hospital, Omdurman, Khartoum State , Sudan during the period from December 2019 to November 2020.

 Materials and Methods

One hundred and fifty sputum samples were collected from suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and under follow up tuberculosis patients. All specimens were examined using 20% KOH and cultured on two

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Retinoic Acid Treatment of Human Hematological Malignancies Induces Caspase Dependent and Independent Apoptotic Cell Death
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The unprejudiced of this education is to gauge the ability of the retinoic acid to induce apoptotic cell death in hematological tumors through caspase dependent or independent apoptotic pathway, The cytotoxicity effects of retinoic acid of different concentrations (400,350,300,250,200,150,100,50,25,12.5 μg\ml) and exposure for all hematological malignancy cell lines (Human non-Hodgkin lymphoma SR and human multiple myeloma (COLO 677) and Human Monocytic Leukemia THP1 and Acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4) have been determined using a microtetrazolium (MTT) assay. Propodeum iodide and alcidine orange (AO/PI) paired discoloration was used to study the ability of retinoic acid to induce apoptosis in the infected cells and examined under fluore

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 10 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia with Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy in Selected Patients
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Female infection with HPV (human papilla virus) has been established as an essential cause of CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia). The danger of transformation from CIN to frank malignancy should be considered. Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of CO2 laser vaporization of ectocervical lesion high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL). Patients and Methods: Four Female out of 150 affected with HGSIL lesions were submitted to CO2 laser vaporization and followed up in 4 months later, and 10 women with HGSIL lesion submitted to electrocautery diathermy for the comparison. Results: Among women treated by CO2 laser vaporization, 3 women had negative results (clear cervix), at 4 months follow up; o

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
A Comparative Study on Treatment of Diabetic Foot Infection by Acetic Acid, Rifocin and Probiotics
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Introduction: Diabetic foot infections are one of the most severe complications of diabetes. This study was aimed to determine the common bacterial isolates of diabetic foot infections and the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility then treatment.
Methods: A swab was taken from the foot ulcer, and the aerobic bacteria were isolated and identified by cultural, microscopic and biochemical test, then by api-20E system. After that their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined. Then local and systemic treatment was used to treat the diabetic foot patients.
Results: Bacterial isolates belonging to twelve species were obtained from diabetic foot patients. Gram (-) bacteria were the predominant pathogens in the diabetic foot infection

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 21 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
A simple voice communication using the modulation of the reflected light
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There is no adopt in the importance of the optical communications in scientific civil and military applications because of it’s simplicity in manufacturing and it's low cost. The method of optical communication depends upon bearing the light beam the translated informations by a method called the light modulation. This method depends upon changing some light properties as frequency, amplitude and pulse duration according to the translating informations. The changes in the first two properties are concerned optically with the analog modulation while the third one concern at most with digital modulation. All past methods are expensive with low efficiency and needs electrical or magnetic fields. In this technique the source of voice used

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluation The Performance Geodetic of the Receivers Using Static Positioning Technique
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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is considered to be one of the most crucial tools for different applications, i.e. transportation, geographic information systems, mobile satellite communications, and others. Without a doubt, the GNSS has been widely employed for different scientific applications, such as land surveying, mapping, and precise monitoring for huge structures, etc. Thus, an intense competitive has appeared between companies which produce geodetic GNSS hardware devices to meet all the requirements of GNSS communities. This study aims to assess the performance of different GNSS receivers to provide reliable positions. In this study, three different receivers, which are produced by different manufactur

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